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A_Biology Sem-2 Final

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Last updated about 1 month ago
46 questions
Required
3
Plus HS+B.L3U1.11
Required
3
Plus HS+B.L3U1.11
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1
Plus HS+B.L3U1.11
Required
1
Plus HS+B.L3U1.11
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3
Essential HS.L3U1.25
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3
Essential HS.L3U1.25
Required
3
Plus HS+B.L3U1.11
Required
2
Plus HS+B.L3U1.11
Required
3
Essential HS.L3U1.25
Required
3
Plus HS+B.L3U1.11
Required
2
Plus HS+B.L3U1.11
Required
1
Plus HS+B.L3U1.11
Required
1
Essential HS.L3U1.24
Required
4
Essential HS.L3U1.24
Required
4
Essential HS.L3U1.24
Required
1
Plus HS+B.L3U1.10
Required
1
Essential HS.L3U1.24
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1
Essential HS.L3U1.24
Required
1
Essential HS.L4U1.27
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5
Essential HS.L3U1.24
Required
1
HS.L3U1.24
Required
1
Plus HS+B.L3U1.10
Required
1
Essential HS.L3U1.24
Required
1
Plus HS+B.L3U1.10
Required
3
Essential HS.L3U1.24
Required
4
HS.L4U1.27
Required
1
Essential HS.L4U1.27
4
Plus HS+B.L4U1.13
Required
1
Essential HS.L4U1.27
Required
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Required
1
Plus HS+B.L4U1.13
Required
1
Plus HS+B.L4U1.13
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1
Essential HS.L4U1.27
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1
Essential HS.L4U1.27
Required
3
Plus HS+B.L4U1.14 
Required
1
Plus HS+B.L4U1.14 
Required
1
HS+B.L3U1.12
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1
Essential HS.L4U1.27
Required
1
Plus HS+B.L2U1.1 
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Plus HS+B.L2U1.1 
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4
Plus HS+B.L2U1.1 
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Plus HS+B.L2U1.1 
Question 1
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Question 9
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A mutation that happens when a single nucleotide is replaced by a different one is a __________ mutation, also known as a substitution mutation. A mutation caused by the loss of a nucleotide in the DNA sequence is known as a(n)__________ mutation. This is a type of __________mutation because it causes a change in the reading frame of the DNA.
Question 10
10.

Question 11
11.
Using the chart as reference, choose the correct response to complete the sentence.

__________ in a DNA sequence would correspond to a “stop” codon.
Question 12
12.
Using the chart as reference, choose the correct response to complete the sentence.

__________ in an RNA sequence would lead to the polypeptide chain valine-methionine-phenylalanine.
Question 13
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Question 15
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Question 17
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Haploid gametes have __________# of chromosomes whereas Diploid cells have __________# of chromosomes
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Question 20
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Question 36
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Question 37
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Question 38
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Question 39
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In a population of beetles, there is a variation in shell color—some are green, while others are brown. Birds, the main predators of these beetles, tend to spot and eat green beetles more easily in environments with brown soil and dry leaves. Over time, researchers have noticed that the population of brown beetles has increased, while the number of green beetles has decreased.
Required
1
Essential HS.L4U1.27
Required
1
Plus HS+B.L4U1.14 
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1
Essential HS.L4U1.27
Question 43
43.

Question 44
44.

Question 45
45.
When the fish population is well below the carrying capacity of the lake, the population would be expected to show a pattern of __________ growth, which means that the rate of population change will __________ over time. As the population approaches carrying capacity, the growth rate would be expected to show a pattern of __________ growth, which means the population would __________.
Question 46
46.

Match the DNA base with its complementary partner in the DNA strand.
Guanine (G)
Thymine (T)
Cytosine (C)
Cytosine (C)
Adenine (A)
Guanine (G)
Associate the following genetic components with their correct descriptions.
Nucleotide
Five-carbon sugar in RNA
Ribose
Structure of DNA resembling a twisted ladder
Double Helix
Consists of sugar, phosphate, and a nitrogen base
Which of the following correctly distinguishes RNA from DNA?
RNA contains deoxyribose and thymine, whereas DNA contains ribose and uracil.
RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil, whereas DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine.
RNA and DNA are both double-stranded molecules composed of amino acids.
A strand of RNA has the sequence AUUGCGGAA. Explain what caused this strand to be made.
The RNA strand was transcribed from a DNA strand with the sequence TAACGCCTT.
The RNA strand broke off from a DNA strand that had a much longer genetic code.
The RNA strand formed from the rearrangement of the bases in a DNA strand.
Match the type of mutation to its description.
Insertion mutation
Change in a single nucleotide sequence.
Deletion mutation
Addition of one or more nucleotide bases.
Point mutation
Removal of one or more nucleotide bases.
Match the type of mutation to its potential effects.
Neutral mutation
Causes disease or reduced fitness.
Beneficial mutation
Has no significant impact on fitness.
Harmful mutation
Gives an advantage to the organism.
Luna is studying the different types of RNA that play a role in protein synthesis. Match the type of RNA to it's appropriate description.
tRNA
carries transcribed code for a protein
rRNA
carries amino acids to ribosomes
mRNA
forms subunits of ribosomes
The model below shows the structure of two molecules. Which statements about the two structures seen in the model are correct? Choose TWO correct answers.

DNA has A, C, G, U, while RNA has A, C, G, T.
DNA is double stranded, while RNA is single stranded.
DNA uses deoxyribose as its sugar, while RNA has ribose as its sugar.
Categorize the descriptions to the correct label
occurs in the nucleus
decodes mRNA to amino acids
occurs in the ribosome
copies DNA and forms mRNA
Transcription
Translation
What is it called when chromosomes swap DNA? During what phase of meiosis does this process happen?
Homologous chromosome, Prophase-I
Crossing over, Prophase-I
Crossing over, Prophase-II
Drag and drop the description to the category that it belongs to.
Homologous chromosomes align at the equator.
Two daughter cells with haploid number of chromosomes is formed.
Chromosomes align at the equator single file
Four daughter cells with haploid number of chromosomes is formed.
Meiosis-I
Meiosis-II
Match the image with the correct phase name-
Anaphase-I
Metaphase-I
Crossing Over
The number of chromosomes in muscle cells of a coyote are 40. What will be the number of chromosomes in its sperms.
80
40
20
One difference between Autosomes and sex chromosomes humans is-
22 pairs are autosomes, 1 pair is sex chromosomes
Autosomes are found in males and Sex chromosomes are in females
Autosomes and sex chromosomes are same there is no difference
In goats, the allele for horns (H) is dominant to the allele for no Horns (h). Both parents are hybrids (Hh) for horns. What is the percent chance that the offspring will have horns?
25%
50%
75%
Match the explanation with the vocab word.
The genetic constitution of an organism
Allele
When the pair of alleles are different
Genotype
When the pair of alleles are same
Phenotype
The alternative form of a gene
Homozygous
The outward appearance of an organism
Heterozygous
R = able to roll tongue
r = unable to roll tongue
One brother has genotype RR and the other brother has genotype Rr.
Which statement is true about these two brothers?
They have same phenotype, but different genotypes
They have same phenotype and genotype
They have different phenotypes and genotypes
If a man has blood type homozygous A and his wife has blood type AB, what blood types are possible among their children?
AB only
A only
A and AB
Question 23
23.

A calico cat shows both the traits for orange fur and black fur. What kind of allele expression is this?
Complete dominance
Codominance
Incomplete dominance
If a Hemophilic male (XhY) has children with a carrier female (XhX) what is the possibility of the couple having a hemophilic child?
1/4, 25%
2/4, 50%
0/4, 0%
Match the vocab with correct description-
different versions of a gene that exist in a population. (Ex. Blood type)
Polygenic traits
A trait controlled by genes on X-Chromosomes
Multiple alleles
a pattern of inheritance where multiple genes work together to control a single trait
Sex linked traits
Match the categories with the correct description-
Farmers have selectively bred wheat and rice for higher yields, disease resistance, and other desirable traits
Giraffe necks evolving longer to reach leaves high in trees.
Cattle have been bred for increased milk production, meat quality, and overall size.
Beaks of finches adapting to different food sources.
Artificial Seclection
Natural Selection
A scientist presented the information in the illustration as part of a report on the evolution of species. How does the information support the claim of common ancestry?

It shows many similar traits exist during embryonic development.
It allows for the genetics of each species to be examined in more detail.
It suggests that chickens and fishes will both lose their gills.
Match the type of evidence to its explanation.
Fossils
Study of species distribution.
Biogeography
DNA and protein similarities in organisms.
Embryonic development
Remains of organisms from the past.
Molecular biology
Similar stages of development in embryos.
A researcher recently discovered a new species of bacteria in the body of a tubeworm living near a hydrothermal vent. He compared the DNA of this new bacterial species to the DNA of four other species of bacteria. The DNA sequences came from the same part of the bacterial chromosome of all four species.

According to these data, the unknown bacterial species is most closely related to
Species II
Species III
Species IV
Categorize the following statements as either "Scientific Theory" or "Hypothesis".
Based on extensive evidence.
Proposes a specific prediction.
Must be tested for validity
Recognized by scientific community
Scientific Theory
Hypothesis
What does the term 'gene pool' refer to?
All genes in a population at a given time.
Genetic material from different species.
The environment affecting genetics.
Some organisms have features that have different functions, but similar structures. One example is the forelimb of humans, dogs, birds, and whales.

They are analogous.
They are vestigial.
They are homologous.
How do fossils support evolution?
Organisms in the fossil record are identical to living organisms.
The fossil record provides evidence that organisms have changed over time.
Individual species disappear and reappear in the fossil record over time.
Examples of analogous structures include
the wings of a butterfly and bird.
appendix in humans and cattle
wings of birds and forelimb of cheetah
Match the mechanism of evolution to its definition.
Gene flow
Survival and reproduction of best adapted organisms.
Genetic drift
Movement of alleles between populations.
Natural selection
Random changes in allele frequencies in small populations.
What mechanism of evolution is shown below-

Gene flow
Mutation
Natural selection
Select the statement that is true for evolution.
Individual organisms evolve
Populations show evolution
Evolution is intentional
The model below shows a how populations of organisms can change. Which of the following concepts is best illustrated by this demonstration?

Gene flow
Genetic drift
Evolution of a predatory species
Question 40
40.

Question 41
41.

Question 42
42.

Carrying capacity refers to:
The number of offspring an individual can produce
The maximum number of individuals an environment can support
The fastest a population can grow
A population of 2,000 deer lived on a plateau. In 1906, all hunting of the deer was banned, natural predators were exterminated, and sheep and cattle, which competed with the deer, were banned from the plateau. The graph shows the deer population in the years following this.

Which statement regarding factors affecting deer population is supported by the data in the graph?
Removing predators and competitors allowed the deer population to grow rapidly at first.
Hunting was the only factor that ever limited the deer population.
The removal of predators and competitors caused the deer to stop reproducing.
Determine if the following scenarios represent density dependent or density independent limiting factors.
A large number of moose die from a rare bacterial infection that spreads through the population.
This year, Anne was excited about planting another tomato garden. Two weeks after planting seeds, the weather turned cold. A frost killed most of the seedlings, and Anne had to plant new ones.
A population of bass is growing quickly in a freshwater lake. Then a parasitic protozoa invades the lake, infecting the bass. The parasite spreads quickly to other fish.
Density Dependent
Density Independent
The image alongside is an example of-
Complete dominance
Codominance
Incomplete dominance
Which of the following best explains the change in the beetle population over time?
Green beetles turned brown over time to better match their environment.
Birds developed a preference for green beetles as a food source.
Brown beetles were less likely to be eaten and more likely to survive and reproduce.
The change in the beetle population over time is best explained by which biological concept?
Natural selection
Artificial selection
Mutation pressure
If the environment changes and the ground becomes green due to moss growth, what is the most likely outcome for the beetle population over time?
Brown beetles will become even more common.
Green beetles may have a survival advantage and increase in number.
Both green and brown beetles will stop reproducing.
The beetles will migrate to another area with brown soil.