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Psychology Quiz: Variations of Behavior

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Last updated 9 months ago
24 questions
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To encourage Mrs. Coleman, a withdrawn schizophrenia patient, to be more socially active, institutional staff members give her small plastic cards whenever she talks to someone. She is allowed to exchange these cards for candy and cigarettes. Staff members are making use of
a token economy.
active listening.
free association.
systematic desensitization.
Two years after being brutally beaten, MaryAnn still experiences jumpy anxiety, has trouble sleeping, and has vivid flashbacks of her assault. MaryAnn is most clearly showing signs of
post-traumatic stress disorder.
panic disorder.
bipolar disorder.
generalized anxiety disorder.
Seeing one-eyed monsters would be a(n) ________. Believing that you are Christopher Columbus would be a ________.
delusion; compulsion
hallucination; compulsion
hallucination; delusion
obsession; delusion
One of the positive symptoms of schizophrenia includes
a feeling of euphoria.
a lack of guilt feelings.
flat affect.
hallucinations.
Illness anxiety disorder is characterized by
a persistent, irrational fear of a specific object or situation.
the misinterpretation of normal physical sensations as symptoms of a disease.
offensive and unwanted thoughts that persistently preoccupy a person.
constant fear of new, strange situations.
Transference refers to a client's
translation of threatening dream content into nonthreatening manifest symbols.
improving ability to avoid anxiety-arousing thoughts and focus on positive cognitions.
expression toward a therapist of feelings linked with earlier life relationships.
replacement of self-centeredness with a genuine concern for others.
Dissociative disorders are most likely to be characterized by
disruptions in conscious awareness and sense of identity.
offensive and unwanted thoughts that persistently preoccupy a person.
a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state of emotion.
panic attacks caused by new, stressful situations.
Which of the following treatments is most likely to be used only with severely depressed patients?
stress inoculation training
electroconvulsive therapy
drug therapy
systematic desensitization
To treat nail biting, one can paint a patient's fingernails with a bitter-tasting nail polish. This procedure best illustrates
aversive conditioning.
light exposure therapy.
systematic desensitization.
stress inoculation training.
Psychological tests show that 18-year-old Ishmael has an intelligence score of 65. Nevertheless, Ishmael can, with a few seconds of mental calculation, accurately tell the day of the week on which Christmas falls for any year in this century. It would be fair to conclude that
intelligence tests are generally good measures of verbal but not of mathematical intelligence.
the intelligence test Isaiah was given has no validity.
Isaiah is a person with savant syndrome.
Isaiah excels in inductive reasoning.
The Stanford-Binet, WAIS, and WISC tests are all types of
multiple intelligence tests.
factor analysis tests.
achievement tests.
general intelligence tests.
The final exam in a calculus course would be an example of a(n) ________ test.
standardized
aptitude
general intelligence
achievement
It would be reasonable to suggest that the Flynn effect is due in part to
the lack of early childhood education in urban areas.
increasingly improved childhood health and nutrition.
the decreasing reliance on a single test score as an index of mental aptitudes.
the deteriorating quality of parental involvement in children's education.
A college administrator is trying to assess whether an admissions test accurately predicts how well applicants will perform at his school. The administrator is most obviously concerned that the test is
valid.
reliable.
normally distributed.
standardized.
Fluid intelligence refers most directly to a person's
ability to reason speedily and abstractly.
ability to utilize diffuse brain regions for storing memories.
accumulated knowledge.
ability to assume the perspective of others.
Match each description to the corresponding standard IQ score.
high average
0-70
average
70-85
disability
85-115
gifted
115-130
low average
130+
What does Howard Gardner's theory primarily focus on?
Only verbal and mathematical skills akin to IQ.
Intelligence as a single, fixed capability for all individuals.
Diverse types of intelligence beyond traditional IQ measurement.
Learning styles as personality traits measuring intelligence.
What distinguishes general intelligence from multiple intelligences?
Multiple intelligences ignore cultural aspects of learning completely.
Multiple intelligences rely solely on numerical test scores.
General intelligence includes skills in specific domains only.
General intelligence encompasses a single measure of cognitive abilities.
Match each idea or theory to its creator.
theory of "multiple intelligences" and identified 9 types of intelligence
Francis Galton
creator of the WISC and WAIS--the most common intelligence tests used today
Alfred Binet
created the first general intelligence test
William Stern
believed intelligence was quantifiable and a "normal" score could be established
David Wechsler
theory of emotional intelligence
Charles Spearman
believed in a "general" factor of intelligence ("g")
Howard Gardner
Created the formula for the first IQ score
Daniel Goleman
What is the purpose of the DSM-V?
to define mental illnesses and create a standard gauge for measuring dysfunction
to accurately measure an individual's intelligence
to accurately diagnose a learning disability
to tell clinicians how to treat their patients with mental illness
Medications would most likely be prescribed for mental health conditions by a clinician who believed in a _______________________ perspective of psychology.
Biomedical
Humanistic
Cognitive
Behavioral
For a behavior to be considered a disorder, it must meet certain criteria. Match each description with the criterion listed below.
Distressful
disrupts the patient's everyday life
Dysfunction
against the norm for behavior in the patient's culture
Deviant
causes the patient or those around them anxiety or pain
A therapist who uses client-centered therapy an uses active listening most likely follows the _________________ perspective of psychology.
social-emotional
humanistic
psychoanalytical
cognitive
Which might be a negative impact of intelligence testing?
a student who is diagnosed with PTSD finds she has access to additional supports in school for standardized testing
a person whose IQ tests scores were lower than average internalizes his score and stops trying in school because he knows he cannot succeed
a student tested as gifted receives opportunities in school to attempt advanced classes
a person diagnosed as bipolar is discriminated against and cannot find a job, even though he shows no symptoms