ISD 7th Grade Science - Final Final Summative 2025

Last updated 11 months ago

35 questions

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Library

ISD 7th Grade Science - Final Final Summative 2025

Last updated 11 months ago

35 questions

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A wildfire releases _______  into the atmosphere, which traps heat.

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Fires can clear out dead plants and return _______ back to the soil. 

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Fires can turn forests from carbon _______ into carbon sources (emitters). 

For Questions 27 - 31, use the picture below to answer the questions. Be observant! 

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Draggable item		Corresponding Item

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What is the connection between wildfires and climate change? Describe at least THREE major ways one affects or impacts the other. Be thoughtful and thorough in your response for full credit.

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Fires are often viewed as disasters. Explain how a wildfire might actually benefit an ecosystem and describe one risk if wildfires are always prevented.

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The Colorado River Compact of 1922 was based on long-term averages that overestimated water availability. Given what you know about the different Colorado River stakeholders, population changes, and environmental changes, why might it be difficult to create a new, fair agreement today?

Which of the following is not part of the fire triangle?

Heat

Oxygen

Carbon Dioxide 

Fuel

What is one method firefighters use to remove fuel from a fire?

Adding fertilizer

Controlled burns

Spraying water

Applying chemical fire retardants

Lodgepole pine trees depend on fire because:

Fire scares away animals

Fire opens their cones to release seeds

Fire helps their roots grow

They need less competition

What is a positive feedback loop in the context of climate and fires?

Fires reduce CO₂, cooling the Earth

Fires make forests healthier & increase the rate of photosynthesis

Fires release CO₂, which leads to more warming and more fires

Fires prevent climate change

What sparked the 2018 Camp Fire in Paradise, California?

Sparks from machinery

Arson

Power lines during high winds

An improperly handled campfire 

Which of the following is true about burned soil?

It holds water better than healthy soil

It immediately becomes fertile again

It often becomes hydrophobic (which means scared of water, or doesn't want to be in contact with water)

It is dark and nutrient-rich

In rivers, hydraulic action is:

Water dissolving minerals

Pebbles bouncing

Water force breaking rock

Rocks smashing together

Which type of erosion deepens a river valley?

Horizontal erosion

Meander erosion

Vertical erosion

Lateral erosion

A river dropping sediment happens when:

It slows down and loses energy

It rains heavily

It gains energy

It speeds up

Which scenario would most likely create an oxbow lake?

A river eroding vertically through a steep valley

Repeated flooding breaking through the neck of a meander

A dam blocking part of a braided stream

Drought drying up a delta

What happens in the solution part of river transport?

Fine particles float

Dissolved materials move in water

Small pebbles bounce

Big rocks roll

A basin or watershed is

an area of farmland that depends on a body of water

a type of natural dam

a cascade of water falling from a height

the area of land where water drains into a common body of water

The Upper Basin of the Colorado River includes:

Nevada and New Mexico

California and Arizona

Utah and Colorado

Texas and Utah

Why are Lake Mead and Lake Powell shrinking?

Less snow and more evaporation

Landslides

An increase in recreational use

Too much rainfall in the Upper Basin

Which of the following is the best example of how Colorado River stakeholders are adapting to less water being available to them?

allowing more water in dams to evaporate

the Colorado River Compact of 2023

better irrigation techniques

farmers growing crops that require more water

A river begins to slow down as it enters flatter land. Which process is most likely to happen more frequently now?

Hydraulic action

Deposition

Vertical erosion

Saltation

How are the fire triangle and the carbon cycle connected during a wildfire?

Oxygen from the fire triangle gets trapped in the soil

Fires cause rivers to overflow, affecting carbon storage

Heat from the fire triangle prevents photosynthesis

Fuel in the fire triangle is carbon-based and its burning releases CO₂

In a fire-prone region (I.e. an area where fires happen frequently), which combination of actions would best reduce wildfire risk over the long term?

Planting fast-growing trees and banning all fire use

Building more homes near forests and using artificial grass

Increasing irrigation and building more fences/barriers between homes

Practicing controlled burns and removing dead vegetation regularly

Fires always destroy ecosystems and cause harm.

True

False

Vertical erosion widens rivers.

True

False

The Colorado River Compact overestimated how much water was available.

True

False

Controlled burns can help prevent worse fires later.

True

False

Climate change and population growth both affect the Colorado River’s water supply.

True

False

A wildfire releases _______  into the atmosphere, which traps heat.

Fires can clear out dead plants and return _______ back to the soil. 

Fires can turn forests from carbon _______ into carbon sources (emitters). 

For Questions 27 - 31, use the picture below to answer the questions. Be observant! 

Match the term from river systems to the definition.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
Solution		Deepens a water bed, usually happens when water is moving very quickly
Delta		A type of erosion in which rocks and pebbles collide into each and breaking them down into smaller bits
Attrition		A type of transportation in which current transports large rocks along the bottom of a river
Vertical Erosion		This is where a river empties its water and sediment into a body of water
Traction		A type of transportation in which dissolved minerals and materials are carried by the water

Read the descriptors about healthy burned soil and drag them into the correct category.

Lighter-colored and/or ash-like
Rich in Nutrients
Dark brown or black (lots of organic material)
Lacks nitrogen and phosphorus
Absorbs and hold water
Sometimes become hydrophobic

Healthy Soil
Burned Soil

What is the connection between wildfires and climate change? Describe at least THREE major ways one affects or impacts the other. Be thoughtful and thorough in your response for full credit.

Fires are often viewed as disasters. Explain how a wildfire might actually benefit an ecosystem and describe one risk if wildfires are always prevented.

The Colorado River Compact of 1922 was based on long-term averages that overestimated water availability. Given what you know about the different Colorado River stakeholders, population changes, and environmental changes, why might it be difficult to create a new, fair agreement today?

Which of the following is not part of the fire triangle?

Heat

Oxygen

Carbon Dioxide 

Fuel

What is one method firefighters use to remove fuel from a fire?

Adding fertilizer

Controlled burns

Spraying water

Applying chemical fire retardants

Lodgepole pine trees depend on fire because:

Fire scares away animals

Fire opens their cones to release seeds

Fire helps their roots grow

They need less competition

What is a positive feedback loop in the context of climate and fires?

Fires reduce CO₂, cooling the Earth

Fires make forests healthier & increase the rate of photosynthesis

Fires release CO₂, which leads to more warming and more fires

Fires prevent climate change

What sparked the 2018 Camp Fire in Paradise, California?

Sparks from machinery

Arson

Power lines during high winds

An improperly handled campfire 

Which of the following is true about burned soil?

It holds water better than healthy soil

It immediately becomes fertile again

It often becomes hydrophobic (which means scared of water, or doesn't want to be in contact with water)

It is dark and nutrient-rich

In rivers, hydraulic action is:

Water dissolving minerals

Pebbles bouncing

Water force breaking rock

Rocks smashing together

Which type of erosion deepens a river valley?

Horizontal erosion

Meander erosion

Vertical erosion

Lateral erosion

A river dropping sediment happens when:

It slows down and loses energy

It rains heavily

It gains energy

It speeds up

Which scenario would most likely create an oxbow lake?

A river eroding vertically through a steep valley

Repeated flooding breaking through the neck of a meander

A dam blocking part of a braided stream

Drought drying up a delta

What happens in the solution part of river transport?

Fine particles float

Dissolved materials move in water

Small pebbles bounce

Big rocks roll

A basin or watershed is 

an area of farmland that depends on a body of water

a type of natural dam

a cascade of water falling from a height

the area of land where water drains into a common body of water

The Upper Basin of the Colorado River includes:

Nevada and New Mexico

California and Arizona

Utah and Colorado

Texas and Utah

Why are Lake Mead and Lake Powell shrinking?

Less snow and more evaporation

Landslides

An increase in recreational use

Too much rainfall in the Upper Basin

Which of the following is the best example of how Colorado River stakeholders are adapting to less water being available to them?

allowing more water in dams to evaporate

the Colorado River Compact of 2023

better irrigation techniques

farmers growing crops that require more water

A river begins to slow down as it enters flatter land. Which process is most likely to happen more frequently now?

Hydraulic action

Deposition

Vertical erosion

Saltation

How are the fire triangle and the carbon cycle connected during a wildfire?

Oxygen from the fire triangle gets trapped in the soil

Fires cause rivers to overflow, affecting carbon storage

Heat from the fire triangle prevents photosynthesis

Fuel in the fire triangle is carbon-based and its burning releases CO₂

In a fire-prone region (I.e. an area where fires happen frequently), which combination of actions would best reduce wildfire risk over the long term?

Planting fast-growing trees and banning all fire use

Building more homes near forests and using artificial grass

Increasing irrigation and building more fences/barriers between homes

Practicing controlled burns and removing dead vegetation regularly

Fires always destroy ecosystems and cause harm.

True

False

Vertical erosion widens rivers.

True

False

The Colorado River Compact overestimated how much water was available.

True

False

Controlled burns can help prevent worse fires later.

True

False

Climate change and population growth both affect the Colorado River’s water supply.

True

False

Look at (A) on the picture. What best describes the situation here?

The water is moving on a straight path, but would prefer to meander to save energy. 

It's a flat area, so there's probably more lateral erosion happening. 

The meander up ahead suggests it is  very steep here, so probably lots of vertical erosion. 

The water is slowing down and soon will create a delta. 

For (B), what best describes what's happening there?

the water has lots of speed creating erosion on the river bank

the water is slowing down creating more hydraulic action 

the water is losing speed and releasing sediments 

the water's speed is going to soon create a braided stream or stream with multiple channels

What terms best describes (C) on the map?

Cut Bank

Deposition Bar 

Oxbow Lake 

Hydraulic Action 

At (D), what best describes the water's mindset?

"Ugh, this is taking too long. Let's see if we can take a short cut here."

"I like this slow meandering from side to side."

"It's time to separate and create. Let's create several smaller streams here."

"This is heavy, let's drop off this sediment right here."

Match the term from river systems to the definition. 

Solution

Deepens a water bed, usually happens when water is moving very quickly 

Delta

A type of erosion in which rocks and pebbles collide into each and breaking them down into smaller bits 

Attrition

A type of transportation in which current transports large rocks along the bottom of a river 

Vertical Erosion 

This is where a river empties its water and sediment into a body of water 

Traction 

A type of transportation in which dissolved minerals and materials are carried by the water

Read the descriptors about healthy burned soil and drag them into the correct category. 

Lighter-colored and/or ash-like 

Rich in Nutrients 

Dark brown or black (lots of organic material)

Lacks nitrogen and phosphorus

Absorbs and hold water 

Sometimes become hydrophobic

Healthy Soil

Burned Soil 

Look at (A) on the picture. What best describes the situation here?

The water is moving on a straight path, but would prefer to meander to save energy. 

It's a flat area, so there's probably more lateral erosion happening. 

The meander up ahead suggests it is  very steep here, so probably lots of vertical erosion. 

The water is slowing down and soon will create a delta. 

For (B), what best describes what's happening there? 

the water has lots of speed creating erosion on the river bank

the water is slowing down creating more hydraulic action 

the water is losing speed and releasing sediments 

the water's speed is going to soon create a braided stream or stream with multiple channels

What terms best describes (C) on the map?

Cut Bank

Deposition Bar 

Oxbow Lake 

Hydraulic Action 

At (D), what best describes the water's mindset? 

"Ugh, this is taking too long. Let's see if we can take a short cut here."

"I like this slow meandering from side to side."

"It's time to separate and create. Let's create several smaller streams here."

"This is heavy, let's drop off this sediment right here."