UNIT 4 DIRECT STUDY GUIDE - THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION

Last updated 10 months ago

50 questions

Required

UNIT 4 DIRECT STUDY GUIDE - THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION

Last updated 10 months ago

50 questions

Required

Which groups of people occupied the Ohio River Valley in the early to mid-1700s?

the French and the British

the British, the French, and Native Americans

Native Americans and the French

Native Americans and the British

Required

Which group of people first built forts in order to claim or protect land rights in the Ohio River Valley?

the British

the Spanish

the French

Native Americans

Required

What did the Albany Plan of Union propose?

a declaration of independence from Great Britain

a suspension of westward colonial expansion

an alliance with the Iroquois Confederacy

a unified colonial council for defense

Required

Which development during the French and Indian War ultimately led to colonies being taxed?

The Iroquois Confederacy joined forces with the colonies and demanded repayment.

The head of the British government sent troops to help the colonial militias.

The head of the French government sent troops to help the colonial militias.

The colonies received aid from rogue French militias, who then demanded repayment.

Required

Which was an immediate consequence of the French and Indian War for Native Americans?

The Native Americans declared war against the French and the British in retaliation.

The British began to pay Native Americans for the use of their land as a gesture of peace

More colonists began to settle on Native American lands.

The Iroquois Confederacy made a treaty with the British.

Required

Why did the British establish the Proclamation of 1763?

to promote fur trade between Britain and France

to restore peace with Native Americans west of the Appalachians

to force colonists to help pay for the French and Indian War

to expand their colonies into newly acquired territory

Required

Why did the British government send 10,000 troops to enforce the Proclamation of 1763?

to keep the peace between settlers and Native Americans by preventing settlers from moving too far west

to drive Native Americans out of the colonial settlements so westward expansion could resume

so that the colonists could provide shelter for troops, saving Britain money

to crush pockets of rebellious colonists who no longer identified as British citizens

Required

Why was the Sugar Act of 1764 a controversial law in the eyes of many colonists?

It lowered the tax on molasses but raised taxes on other goods.

It raised the tax on molasses and allowed goods to be seized without due process of law.

It lowered the tax on molasses but allowed goods to be seized without due process of law

It raised taxes on molasses, tea, and other goods important to the colonists.

Required

How did the colonists respond to the Stamp Act of 1765?

Colonists protested by planning and carrying out the Boston Tea Party later that year.

Colonial leaders declared to the British government that only colonial assemblies could tax colonists.

Colonists formed the Albany Plan of Union to defend themselves against imminent British attack.

Colonial leaders requested that the British government repeal this tax but agreed that  previous taxes were fair.

Required

Which underlying tensions erupted into the violence known as the Boston Massacre of 1770?

In addition to enduring taxes and assumptions of guilt without a trial by jury, colonists were required to give room and board to the British soldiers.

Colonists had demanded the repeal of all taxes, the removal of all British troops, and fair  and equal treatment for colonists and Native Americans.

In addition to being taxed unfairly, colonists were rebelling against their inability to move west.

Colonists had demanded the return of all British troops as soon as they arrived; violence  broke out immediately.

Required

What was the immediate cause of the Boston Tea Party?

The Boston Massacre caused colonists to rethink their efforts to boycott British imports.

The British East India Company had begun to struggle financially, threatening Britain’s economy.

The Tea Act gave the British government a near monopoly on the colonists’ tea, limiting colonists’ purchasing options.

The Daughters of Liberty convinced many colonists that the British government was  attempting to gain total control of the colonies.

Required

How did the British government respond to the Boston Tea Party?

The king sent additional troops to enforce the collection of existing taxes

Parliament passed the Coercive Acts to punish and further control the colonists

Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts to encourage colonists to repay the entire war debt

The king consulted with Parliament in hopes of negotiating with the colonists

DIRECTIONS: Multiple Choice Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers  the question.
“And as one, all agree that you’ll not married be 
To such as will wear London Fact’ry: 
But at first such refuse, tell ’em such you do chuse 
And encourage our own Manufact’ry. 
No more Ribbons wear, nor in rich dress appear, 
Love your country much better than fine things.” 
—“Address to the Ladies,” published in the Boston Post-Boy & Advertiser, November 16, 1767

Required

Many colonists began boycotting British goods in response to the Townshend Acts of 1767. These lines from a 1767 poem ask women to stop buying British goods and instead purchase local products. If readers followed the poet’s advice, what would most likely result?

British troops would be forced to leave the colonies because they would soon run out of supplies.

The profits of British manufacturers and merchants would be reduced.

Colonies would be forced to raise taxes on citizens to make up for revenue lost to the boycott

The colonies would be granted immediate independence from Great Britain.

Required

Which words in the poem urge women to identify as Americans rather than as British subjects?

“all agree that you’ll not married be”

“And encourage our own Manufact’ry”

“No more Ribbons wear, nor in rich dress appear”

“Love your country much better than fine things”

“There is a violent spirit of opposition raised on the Continent against the execution of the  Stamp Act, the mob in Boston . . . threaten to pull down & burn the Stamp Office row building,  and that they will hold every man as Infamous [bad or evil] that shall presume to carry the  Stamp Act into Execution.” 
—Archibald Hinshelwood, from A Letter to Joshua Mauger, August 19, 1765

Required

This excerpt from a letter written by a Canadian merchant describes the colonial response to the Stamp Act of 1765. Based on the excerpt, what did colonists who were opposed to the Stamp Act do?

They wanted British merchants to lower prices on imported goods.

They called on colonists to boycott British goods.

They threatened violence against tax collectors.

They asked for colonial representation in Parliament.

Required

Which conclusion is best supported by the excerpt?

Many colonists strongly opposed British taxation policies.

The Stamp Act led to widespread smuggling in the colonies.

Colonists protested British trade laws in nonviolent ways.

Loyalist sentiment was especially strong in New England.

Required

The First Continental Congress endorsed the Suffolk Resolves, which

asserted that the colonists wanted to remain part of England.

declared the Coercive Acts to be illegal.

banned colonial expansion west of the Appalachian Mountains.

created a “grand council” for all English colonies.

Required

What sparked the Battles of Lexington and Concord?

Colonial minutemen attacked British troops to show that they were ready to fight.

The British government punished the colonists who took part in the Boston Tea Party.

Colonial minutemen sought revenge against British troops for a previous skirmish.

British troops attempted to disarm the minutemen who were storing weapons and ammunition.

Required

What was the outcome of the Battle of Bunker Hill?

Colonial forces wiped out a small assembly of British soldiers.

British troops took control of an important American fort.

Colonial forces won their first victory of the Revolutionary War.

British troops won the battle but took heavy losses.

Required

How did the Second Continental Congress respond to events at Lexington and Concord?

It immediately declared independence from Britain.

It established the Continental Army and chose George Washington as its commander.

It hired German troops called Hessians to fight alongside colonial minutemen.

It agreed to abide by the Coercive Acts in exchange for withdrawal of British troops.

Required

How did Thomas Paine’s Common Sense, impact colonial thinking about independence?

It showed colonists that compromise with Britain was still possible.

It led the Second Continental Congress to draft the Olive Branch petition.

It encouraged Patriots to take a slow and steady path toward independence.

It showed colonists that support for independence from Britain was logical.

Required

The final section of the Declaration of Independence

lists the colonists’ complaints against Britain.

describes the structure of the new American government.

declares America to be an independent nation.

explains why colonists want their independence.

Required

Which advantage did the Patriots have as the American Revolution began?

The Continental Army had strong support from nearly all colonists.

The Continental Army hired thousands of mercenaries to fight alongside them.

The Continental Army had a strong, courageous military leader.

The Continental Army was large and well trained.

Required

In which of the following colonies was Loyalist support strongest?

Massachusetts

Georgia

New Hampshire

Connecticut

Required

One reason that it was difficult for the Continental Congress to put together a national army was that

the Congress lacked the power to raise money to fund the army.

few colonists owned their own weapons or ammunition.

few colonists believed the British could be defeated.

the Congress required soldiers to join the army for the duration of the war.

Required

What best explains the American victories at Trenton and Princeton?

American troops were better trained than British troops.

American troops surprised British troops.

American troops greatly outnumbered British troops.

American troops cut off supplies to British troops.

Required

How did Spain help the Patriot cause after the Battle of Saratoga?

Spain fought the British in Florida and other locations, keeping many British troops out of action against the Patriots.

Spain formed an alliance with the Patriots, sending up to 30,000 troops to fight alongside  the Patriots.

Spain supplied the Patriots with money, equipment, and intelligence information about the  movement of British troops.

Spain sent a large flotilla of ships to guard the Atlantic coast of North America, preventing  the British from receiving supplies.

Required

Which of the following convinced France to support the Patriots in the Revolutionary War?

the victory at Saratoga

the Treaty of Paris

the Battle of Bunker Hill

the Olive Branch petition

Required

During the winter of 1777–1778 at Valley Forge, American troops survived the harsh conditions

and became the core of a determined Continental Army.

only with the aid they received from nearby Native American groups.

which convinced most Patriots that the struggle for independence was hopeless.

only with the aid they received from France.

Required

Who was responsible for training the Patriot troops at Valley Forge to become an efficient fighting force?

Nathan Hale

Juan de Miralles

John Burgoyne

Friedrich von Steuben

Required

During the Revolutionary War, the currency printed by the Continental Congress quickly lost its value because

foreign nations provided financial aid to the Americans, thus reducing the value of American money

most of the currency printed by the Continental Congress was used to finance the war.

foreigners who came to the aid of the Patriots were paid more than American soldiers who fought in the war.

the amount of printed currency exceeded the supply of gold and silver backing the paper currency

Required

During the American Revolution, some white Americans began to oppose slavery because

large numbers of European immigrants began to replace enslaved workers on Southern plantations.

few enslaved people supported the ideals put forth by the Patriots.

slavery felt incompatible with the ideals expressed in the Declaration of Independence.

African American soldiers were more disciplined and efficient than white soldiers.

Required

Hired soldiers who fought for the British were

Loyalists

Germans

Hessians

Minutemen

Required

Which statement best represents a Loyalist perspective?

Slavery is immoral and should be abolished because it violates citizens’ natural rights.

Governments that fail to protect citizens’ rights should be abolished.

Taxation without representation is tyranny and theft.

Colonists are rightful subjects of Great Britain.

Required

Which statement best describes Native American involvement in the Revolutionary War?

Most Native Americans sided with the Patriots, inspired by their ideals of freedom and liberty.

Native Americans became increasingly swept up in the war as the British moved south.

Much of the fighting that involved Native Americans took place west of the Appalachian Mountains.

Native Americans were mainly neutral during the war, waiting to see which side would win

Required

During the Revolutionary War, the Congress authorized the use of privateers to

capture British merchant ships and seize their cargo

engage the powerful warships of the British navy in battle

collect taxes from Loyalists who did not want to fund the war

defend colonial settlements from attack by British troops

Required

The British counted on strong Loyalist support in the South, but instead

mercenaries hired by both sides fought, upsetting British battle plans.

Southern traders blockaded coastal cities such as Savannah.

former Loyalists imprisoned thousands of British troops.

small, quick bands of Patriots repeatedly attacked British troops.

Required

The worst American defeat of the Revolutionary War occurred at

Cowpens

Charles Town

Vincennes

Camden

Required

Why did Washington’s attack at Yorktown surprise the British?

The British were unaware that France had sent warships to aid the Patriots.

The British were expecting Washington to attack at New York City instead.

The British thought Loyalist support in the South would prevent an attack there.

The British thought Washington was on the verge of surrendering entirely.

Required

What is likely the most important reason why America won the Revolutionary War?

The strong Continental navy successfully prevented supplies from reaching British troops.

The Continental Army possessed superior firepower and advanced weapons.

The collapse of Loyalist support as the war progressed destroyed British morale.

The Patriots believed in their cause and were committed to outlast the British.

DIRECTIONS: Multiple Choice Indicate the answer choice that best answers the question.
“The time is arrived to display the same sentiments [thoughts] which animated us at the  
beginning of the revolution when we renounced [gave up] the use of teas . . . . [L]et us be  
engaged to offer the homage [respect] of our gratitude at the altar of military valor, and you,  our brave deliverers . . . receive with a free hand our offering.” 
—Esther De Berdt Reed, from “The Sentiments of an American Woman,” 1780

Required

Esther De Berdt Reed helped raise money for the war effort. This excerpt is from a handbill she wrote near the end of the war. To which prewar protest does she refer?

burning effigies of tax collectors

boycotting British goods

seizing property owned by Loyalists

refusing to quarter British soldiers

Required

According to the excerpt, what is one way women contributed to the Patriot cause?

They offered moral and financial support to the troops.

They served as spies for the Continental Army.

They wrote letters to officials demanding an end to the war.

They provided food and lodging to tired soldiers.

“A [Patriot] mob surrounded [our house], broke the shutters and the glass of the windows, and  were coming in, none but forlorn [abandoned] women here. We for a time listened for their attacks in fear and trembling till, finding them grow more loud and violent, not knowing what to  do, we ran into the yard.” 
—Anna Rawle, from “A Loyalist’s Account of Certain Occurrences in Philadelphia after  
Cornwallis’s Surrender at Yorktown,” 1781

Required

In this excerpt, Loyalist Anna Rawle describes the situation at her Philadelphia home shortly after the American victory at Yorktown in 1781. Based on the excerpt, which conclusion is most valid?

Patriots drove out many Loyalists from the colonies.

Loyalists largely escaped the hardships of the war.

Patriot mobs forced Loyalists to celebrate victories alongside them.

Loyalists sometimes felt threatened by their Patriot neighbors.

Required

What can you infer from this excerpt?

Even Loyalists admired American soldiers because they fought for freedom.

All Americans wanted to end British rule of the colonies.

The subject of independence from Great Britain created division among American colonists.

Most Loyalists were peaceful, while most Patriots were violent.

DIRECTIONS: Multi-Select Indicate the answer choice OR answer choices that best answer the question.  Select ALL that apply.

Required

Which were provisions of the Treaty of Paris, signed in September 1783?

Britain agreed to pay off any debts owed to Patriot merchants.

Britain gave the United States fishing rights in coastal waters off of Canada.

Britain recognized the United States as an independent nation.

Britain prohibited settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains.

Required

Which of the following resulted from the passage of the Stamp Act?

Colonial governments formed alliances with France in anticipation of conflict with Britain.

Colonists agreed to stop westward expansion beyond the Appalachian Mountains.

Patriots in Boston formed the Sons of Liberty to protest the act’s passage.

Many colonists asserted that only their own assemblies could tax them.

Required

What was an important outcome of the Battle of Bunker Hill?

It demonstrated that British forces were far superior to American forces.

It proved that women could be important supporters of the Patriot cause.

It suggested that Loyalists would work with the British to crush the Patriots.

It showed the British that defeating colonial troops would be a challenging task.

Required

Which consequence of the French and Indian War contributed to future tensions between Great Britain and American colonists?

Settlers on the western frontier had to pay for land taken from Native Americans.

The British government prohibited colonists from trading with Native Americans.

The British government had a large war debt that it wanted the colonists to help pay

British defenses against the French and Spanish were weakened.

Required

Which basic idea was expressed in the Declaration of Independence?

The people give a government the authority to rule.

American government should consist of three branches.

The purpose of government is to protect citizens’ rights.

Democracy is the only legitimate form of government.

Required

The British surrendered at the battle of Yorktown because

Spanish ships blockaded Yorktown to reclaim parts of North America.

American and French troops blocked General Clinton from sending aid by land.

Backwoodsmen and militia laid siege to the British in Yorktown.

French ships blockaded Yorktown to keep supplies from coming by sea.