The English scientist Isaac Newton, who lived around 1700, was curious about how forces affect the motion of objects. After a lot of study and observation, he was able to explain the relationship between forces and Motion.
Question 1
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What was one key interest of Isaac Newton?
Newton observed a pattern in the relationship between force (a push or pull) and motion. He noticed that a force is needed to make a stationary object start moving. In other words, objects at rest stay at rest unless acted upon by an outside force. Newton also noticed that a moving object will only slow down, speed up, or change direction if an outside force pushes or pulls it. So, objects continue to do the same thing unless a force acts on them.
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Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist a change in its motion. All objects have inertia, whether they are stationary or moving. Inertia explains Newton’s first law of motion, which states that an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will stay in motion unless it is acted on by an unbalanced force. Newton’s first law of motion is sometimes called the law of inertia.
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The inertia of an object depends on its mass. Mass is the amount of matter in an object. Objects with greater mass also have greater inertia. The measurement of an object’s inertia while at rest is the object’s mass.
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Consider what happens when you roll a ball across a floor. According to Newton’s first law, the ball should keep rolling until a force acts on it to make it stop rolling. What force makes the ball stop rolling? Friction is the resistance force that is created when the ball rubs on the ground. Friction is always in the opposite direction of motion. Friction is the force that makes the ball stop rolling.
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Any time there is a change in the motion, like speeding up or slowing down, there is an unbalanced force.
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Any change in motion is known as acceleration. If there is no change in the motion of an object, meaning it is either at rest (not moving) or in motion at a continuous speed, then the forces acting on the object are balanced.
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In the picture below you can see the two children exerting a force on the ball to move it across the grass. If they do not push on it, it will not move.
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Question 2
2.
What action is needed to move an object that is not moving?
Question 3
3.
When is a force required on a moving object?
Question 4
4.
Which action shows an example of force?
Question 5
5.
What happens when no force acts on an object?
Question 6
6.
According to Newton’s first law, what happens to an object at rest?
Question 7
7.
What is required for an object in motion to change its motion?
Question 8
8.
Which bucket is more difficult to push?
Question 9
9.
What does mass affect in an object?
Question 10
10.
Why is the sand bucket harder to move?
Question 11
11.
Which statement is true about mass and inertia?
Question 12
12.
What role does friction play when a ball rolls on the ground?
Question 13
13.
In which direction does friction act on a rolling ball?
Question 14
14.
What causes the ball to eventually stop rolling on the floor?
Question 15
15.
What happens when two people pull on a rope with different strengths?
Question 16
16.
Which of the following describes unbalanced forces?
Question 17
17.
Why is it important to understand unbalanced forces?
Question 18
18.
In the image, which action demonstrates an unbalanced force?
Question 19
19.
What indicates that forces on an object are balanced?
Question 20
20.
What occurs when forces acting on an object are unbalanced?
Question 21
21.
If a box is not moving, what can be concluded about the forces on it?
Question 22
22.
What causes the ball to move in the image?
Question 23
23.
Which of the following statements is true based on the image?