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Psychology: U5 Quiz (Cognition, Learning, Memory)

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Last updated 9 months ago
24 questions
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Drag and drop the correct terms into their place in this diagram about memory.
Other Answer Choices:
Short-term
Retrieval
Long-term
Encoding
Attention
Sensory
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Question 24
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Which of the following is POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT? Mark All that apply
You don't get dessert since you failed to eat your meal
You studied hard for an exam and got an excellent grade
You receive a bonus on your paycheck for good work
You avoid losing your car since you came home before curfew
Which of the following is NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT? Mark all that apply
You have a headache so you take an aspirin... it works! You have a headache later on, repeat the process.
A child isn't allowed to get on the computer. He does so anyway. As a result, his mom spanks him to encourage him to not do it again.
A child is told that they will be grounded if they do not do their chores... to avoid this, the child does their chores
Your mom is really on you about cleaning your room, harsh like... So, you clean your room to get her off your back
Match the reinforcement/punishment to its example
Positive Punishment
A child throws a fit in a store because they want a toy. The parent gets the child the toy to get them to behave
Negative Punishment
The radio in your car will not turn on until you buckle your seat belt. So, you buckle your seat belt, now you can get your tunes on
Negative Reinforcement
You cussed in practice, the rule is you have 25 push-ups now... Every time you swear its 25 push-ups
Positive Reinforcement
You came home late (past curfew) your parents take away your car for a week
The process by which a stimulus increases the chances of a preceding behavior occurring again is called
systematic desensitization
punishment
reinforcement.
extinction.
Ivan Pavlov's experiments with dogs yielded information about
observational learning
operant conditioning.
counterconditioning.
classical conditioning.
A conditioned response occurs
anytime learning occurs.
automatically
as a result of pairing an unconditioned stimulus with a conditioned stimulus.
after extinction.
The process by which a stimulus increases the chances of a preceding behavior occurring again is called
systematic desensitization
punishment.
reinforcement.
extinction.
The process of getting information into memory is called
registering.
priming.
encoding.
chunking.
Which type of memory has an essentially unlimited capacity?
echoic memory
iconic memory
long-term memory
short-term memory
The process of retrieval refers to
getting information out of memory storage.
the organization of information into manageable units.
conscious repetition of information to be remembered.
the persistence of learning over time.
Every day as she walks to school, Susana passes a mural painted on the side of a building. However, when asked, she says she does not remember ever seeing it. Which of the following is the best explanation for this occurrence?
The memory of the mural has decayed over time.
Such implicit memory is stored in the cerebellum, thus Susana must have experienced damage to that brain region.
Susana has not paid attention to the incoming information so it was not encoded into long-term memory.
Because of the time span between being exposed to the mural, the spacing effect has interrupted memory formation.
While your Mom is lecturing you about cleaning your room, you lose concentration. Then, suddenly you hear the significant words, “no car keys.” When she asks, “Are you listening to me?” you are able to repeat the last few things she said before mentioning car keys. Which of the following best explains this phenomenon?
Hearing the words “car keys” leads to the priming of specific memories.
Words stored in echoic memory will last for 3 to 4 seconds, so you can still recall her words.
What your Mom said at the beginning and end of her lecture will be recalled because of the serial position effect.
Because you have heard the same lecture many times, rehearsal has caused it to be stored in
long-term memory.
“The magical number seven, plus or minus two” refers to the storage capacity of ________ memory.
explicit
short-term
sensory
implicit
A mnemonic device is a
technique for automatic processing.
sensory memory.
test or measure of memory.
memory aid.
Conscious memory of factual information is called ________ memory.
implicit
proactive
procedural
explicit
The increase in synaptic firing potential that contributes to memory formation is known as
chunking.
long-term potentiation.
proactive interference.
automatic processing.
What is learning primarily based on?
Following instructions from teachers only.
Repetition of unconnected facts.
Natural ability without practice.
Experience and interaction with the environment.
What is a primary concept of the behavioral approach?
Learning through cognitive processes.
Learning through reinforcement and punishment.
Developing fixed personality traits.
Understanding emotions in learning.
What is the main concept of social learning theory?
Learning requires formal education.
Learning through observing others' behaviors and outcomes.
Learning through direct experience only.
Learning is biological and innate.
Sally goes to a cultural event with her friend Kajal. She is unsure about how to behave in this setting, so she watches Kajal and copies her interactions and mannerisms. In this instance, Sally learned how to behave through what type of learning?
social learning
classical conditioning
operant conditioning
latent learning
Match the memory technique to the correct description.
Spacing Review
breaking information into smaller parts to make it easier to remember
Acronym
intentionally making connections between new and old information while reviewing to create deeper encoding
Elaborate Rehearsal
repeating the information over and over to keep it in short-term memory longer (like repeating a phone number until you dial it)
Visualization
Using the first letter of a list of items to create one word to help keep information in short-term memory
Chunking
creating mental images of things in a list or steps in a procedure to help encode information into long-term
Maintenance Rehearsal
Reviewing material in shorter but more frequent bursts (like 10 minutes each night) in order to improve long-term memory
Which of the following best describes the DIFFERENCE between classical and operant conditioning?
Classical conditioning can only be done on animals, while operant conditioning can be used on humans.
Classical conditioning involves involuntary behaviors, while operant conditioning involves voluntary behaviors.
Behaviors learned from classical conditioning can experience extinction while behaviors learned from operant conditioning last forever.
Classical conditioning is a type of associative learning and operant conditioning is not.
According to the levels of processing theory, which of the following will result in a memory with the strongest recall? (i.e. the strongest, most easily remembered)
Writing it down once in your notebook with your favorite pen.
Repeating your friend's birthday over and over to yourself (i.e. "April 16, April 16, April 16...")
Thinking about the date and making connections to other information. (i.e. "April 16th is the day after tax day. 16 is my sister's age. April is when all the pollen comes. My aunt's name is April..."
Having to listen to her lecture you after forgetting her birthday to encourage you to not do it again.