C7 Organic Chemistry

Last updated 8 days ago

87 Nsɛmmisa

4.7.1.1 Crude oil, hydrocarbons and alkanes

4.7.1.1

WS1.1

4.7.1.1

4.7.1.2 Fractional distillation and petrochemicals

4.7.1.2

4.8.1.1

4.8.1.2

4.7.1.2

MS2a

4.7.1.2

4.7.1.3 Properties of hydrocarbons

4.7.1.3

4.7.1.1

4.7.1.3

4.3.1.1

4.7.1.3

4.7.1.4 Cracking and alkenes

4.7.1.4

4.7.2.1 Structure and formulae of alkenes

4.7.2.1

4.7.2.2 Reactions of alkenes

4.7.2.2

4.7.3.1

4.7.2.2

4.7.2.3 Alcohols

4.7.2.3

4.7.2.4 Carboxylic acids

4.7.2.4

4.7.3 Synthetic and naturally occurring polymers

4.7.3.1

4.7.3.4

4.7.3.2

4.2.2.5

4.7.3.2

4.7.3.4

4.7.3.2

4.7.3.4

4.7.3.2

4.7.3.1

C7 Organic Chemistry

Last updated 8 days ago

87 Nsɛmmisa

4.7.1.1 Crude oil, hydrocarbons and alkanes

The prefix for 3 carbons is but-

Nokorɛ

Ɛnyɛ ampa

4.7.1.1

The general formula for alkanes is:

C_nH_2n+2

C_nH_2-n

C_nH_2n

C_nH_2nx2

4.7.1.1

null

Have a general formula of

each molecule differs from the last by

Trends down the series:

1. Melting points and boiling points

2. Volatility

3. Flammability

4. Viscosity

5. Intermolecular forces

Mmuae Afoforo a Wobɛpaw:

CH₂

increases

C_nH_2n+2

decreases

increase

4.7.1.1

Name the alkane

4.7.1.1

Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons. Most of these hydrocarbons are alkanes.
The general formula of an alkane is C_nH_2n+2
Complete the structural formula for the alkane that has six carbon atoms in its molecules.
(This question will not return an answer until it is looked at by Miss Bryant)

4.7.1.1

Crude oil contains a large number of hydrocarbons.
Crude oil is a finite resource.
What is a finite resource?
Tick (✓) one box.

A limited resource

A renewable resource

A sustainable resource

4.7.1.1

What is crude oil formed from?
Tick (✓) one box.

Plankton

Volcanoes

Water

4.7.1.1

This diagram shows a reaction which takes place in an oil refinery.
X, Y and Z are all examples of which type of compound?

4.7.1.1

Suggest one use for compound Z.

4.7.1.1

Match the alkane name to its molecular formula

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
Propane		CH₄
Butane		C₂H₆
Ethane		C₃H₈
Pentane		C₄H₁₀
Methane		C₅H₁₂

4.7.1.1

This is a hydrocarbon

Nokorɛ

Ɛnyɛ ampa

4.7.1.1

This is a hydrocarbon

Nokorɛ

Ɛnyɛ ampa

4.7.1.1

This is a hydrocarbon

Nokorɛ

Ɛnyɛ ampa

4.7.1.1

This is a hydrocarbon

Nokorɛ

Ɛnyɛ ampa

4.7.1.1

This is a hydrocarbon

Nokorɛ

Ɛnyɛ ampa

4.7.1.1

The molecule in the previous question is...

Saturated

Unsaturated

4.7.1.1

A hexane molecule has 6 carbon atoms in the chain. How many hydrogen atoms are there?

4.7.1.1

The chemical formulae for ethane is...

C₂H₆

C₄H₈

CH₈

C2H6

WS1.1

Fossil fuels are a renewable resource

True

False

WS1.1

Crude oil is formed when...

Pressure from the earths crust causes flammable liquids to pushed up from the core

Ancient plankton is heated and pressurised in rock for millions of years

Mud and seawater chemically react near underwater volcanoes

Ancient carbon dioxide gas bubbles through natural tar pits

4.7.1.1

Hydrocarbons are compounds made of...

Hydrogen

Oxygen

Carbon

Nitrogen

4.7.1.1

4.7.1.2 Fractional distillation and petrochemicals

What is fractional distillation?

A method used to measure the density of liquids

A method used to combine different components of a liquid mixture

A method used to separate different components of a liquid mixture

A method used to purify water

4.7.1.2

Which of the following are examples of components that can be separated using fractional distillation?

Iron and aluminum

Petroleum and gasoline

Oxygen and nitrogen

Water and salt

4.7.1.2

Fractional distillation is an example of a physical separation technique.

Nokorɛ

Ɛnyɛ ampa

4.7.1.2

The alkanes from crude oil are separated into fractions by fractional distillation.
Explain how this is done and why it separates the alkanes into fractions.

4.7.1.2

Fractions are mixtures of substances with similar boiling points – they are not pure substances. How can you tell that they are mixtures and not pure substances.

4.8.1.1

4.8.1.2

5.20 kg of crude oil contains 1.53 kg of LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas).
Calculate the percentage (%) of LPG in 5.20 kg of crude oil.
Give your answer to 3 significant figures.

4.7.1.2

MS2a

Describe how a fractioning column separates crude oil.

4.7.1.2

In a fractioning column, compounds are separated by...

Melting point

Boiling point

Density

4.7.1.2

Where would the least flammable compounds be found?

4.7.1.2

Where would would the most volatile compounds be found?

4.7.1.2

Where would the smallest and shortest alkanes be found?

4.7.1.2

What is fractional distillation?

A method used to separate different components of a liquid mixture

A method used to measure the density of liquids

A method used to combine different components of a liquid mixture

A method used to purify water

4.7.1.2

Fractional distillation is an example of a physical separation technique.

Nokorɛ

Ɛnyɛ ampa

4.7.1.2

4.7.1.3 Properties of hydrocarbons

null

Describe the relationship shown by the graph and use ideas about forces between molecules to explain this relationship.

1. The more carbons the higher the point.

2. The carbons the larger the molecules.

3. Larger molecules have boiling points

4. Larger molecules have larger forces them

5. The larger the forces between the molecules the more is required for them to break out of a liquid and become a

6. The more energy needed to the molecules, the higher the boiling point of the hydrocarbon

7. The larger / more the forces between the , the higher the boiling point.

Mmuae Afoforo a Wobɛpaw:

between

gas

molecules

separate

boiling

higher

energy

4.7.1.3

null

1. Bonds between do not break ;

2. Forces between (intermolecular forces) are overcome

3. Bonds between atoms are

4. Forces between molecules are ;

Mmuae Afoforo a Wobɛpaw:

weak

strong

molecules

atoms

4.7.1.3

null

All alkanes are:

1. (contain carbon and hydrogen

2. (contain all bonds)

3. (can be combusted.)

4. have strong bonds between the

5. have weak forces between

Mmuae Afoforo a Wobɛpaw:

saturated

molecules

ONLY

single

flammable

hydrocarbons

covalent

atoms

intermolecular

4.7.1.1

4.7.1.3

Trends for alkanes as the carbon chain gets longer

Volatility
Melting and boiling points
Flammability
Height of point of condensation in fractional distillation column
strength of intermolecular forces
Viscosity

Increase
Decreases

4.7.1.3

Alkanes burn in oxygen. Balance the equation for methane burning.

Put numbers in each box - that number could be 1.

CH₄ + O₂ ⟶ CO₂ + H₂O

4.3.1.1

4.7.1.3

Which of the following equations for the complete combustion of alkanes is correct?

alkane + oxygen → carbon monoxide + water

alkane + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water

alkane + water → carbon + oxygen

alkane + oxygen → carbon dioxide + hydrogen

alkane + oxygen → carbon monoxide + hydrogen

4.7.1.3

Which of the following are possible products from the incomplete combustion of propene?

4.7.1.3

4.7.1.4 Cracking and alkenes

Sort the following alkenes into order of increasing chain length, starting with the molecule that has the shortest chain.

hexene
ethene
propene
butene
pentene

4.7.1.4

Ethene is an alkene.
Which reagent is used to test for alkenes?

Anhydrous copper sulfate

Bromine water

Damp litmus paper

Limewater

4.7.1.4

Here is an equation for cracking. Complete the equation

C₃₀H₆₂ → C₁₀H₂₂ +

4.7.1.4

Hydrocarbons can be cracked to produce more useful molecules.

Complete the sentence.

Choose the answer from these: Alloys Fertilisers Fuels

Some products of cracking are useful as .

4.7.1.4

From the previous question, What type of chemical reaction takes place when compound X is converted into compounds Y and Z?

4.7.1.4

Compounds Y and Z are both useful substances.Compound Y is unsaturated. Compound Z is saturated.
Suggest one use for compound Y.

4.7.1.4

Most ethene is produced by the process of cracking.
Cracking is a type of thermal.......

4.7.1.4

Which of the following fractions are commonly used as fuels for cars? Tick 2 correct answers

4.7.1.4

What is the name of the thermal decomposition reaction where larger alkanes are broken down into smaller alkanes and alkenes?

4.7.1.4

Which of the following is an example of a hydrocarbon that can be cracked? Tick 1 correct answer

methane

ethene

propene

butane

4.7.1.4

Which process involves heating larger alkanes to vapourise them, mixing with steam and heating to high temperatures to break down the hydrocarbon molecules? Tick 1 correct answer

cracking

neutralisation

simple distillation

fractional distillation

4.7.1.4

Which of the following statements about alkenes is false? Tick 1 correct answer

They have a double bond between carbon atoms.

They are unsaturated hydrocarbons.

They react with bromine water.

Bromine water remains an orange/brown colour when an alkene is added.

4.7.1.4

Which statement best describes why different fractions of crude oil have different properties and uses? Tick 1 correct answer

They have the same boiling points but different densities.

They have different boiling points, viscosities, and flammabilities.

They have the same chemical structure but different colours.

They have the same boiling point.

4.7.1.4

4.7.2.1 Structure and formulae of alkenes

Reactions of alkenes happen at their functional group. Which of the following is the
functional group of alkenes? Tick 1 correct answer

OHC

C=O

C=C

4.7.2.1

Match the following key terms to their definitions. Write the correct letter in each box

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
alkenes		compounds that contain at least one carbon–carbon double covalent bond
saturated compounds		hydrocarbons that contain the C=C functional group
functional group		compounds that contain only single covalent bonds
unsaturated compounds		the atom or group of atoms responsible for the way a compound reacts

4.7.2.1

Which of the following statements about alkenes are correct? Tick 2 correct answers

Longer alkenes have lower boiling points than shorter alkenes.

Longer alkenes have higher boiling points than shorter alkenes.

Larger alkenes are less flammable than shorter alkenes.

Longer alkenes are more flammable than shorter alkenes.

4.7.2.1

4.7.2.2 Reactions of alkenes

This question is about addition reactions.
The figure below shows the displayed structural formula of ethene.
When bromine water is added to ethene, the bromine water changes from orange to....

4.7.2.2

Chlorine reacts with ethene.
Which of the following shows the displayed structural formula of the compound produced when chlorine reacts with ethene?

null

4.7.2.2

Chloroethene can be used to produce a polymer called poly(chloroethene).
The displayed structural formula of chloroethene is
Which represents the structure of poly(chloroethene)?
Tick (✓) one box.

null

4.7.2.2

4.7.3.1

This question is about monomers and polymers.
Compound A has an alkene functional group and an ester functional group.
Figure 1 represents a molecule of compound A.

Click on the alkene functional group

4.7.2.2

Which of the following is the organic product when propene reacts with steam at a high temperature and pressure, in the presence of an acid catalyst? Tick 1 correct answer

4.7.2.2

4.7.2.3 Alcohols

Which homologous series does this compound belong to?

4.7.2.3

Give the name of this carboxylic acid

4.7.2.3

Tick all the pictures that represent ethanol

null

4.7.2.3

What is the name of the process that produces solutions of ethanol from sugar, resulting from the anaerobic respiration of microorganisms? Fill in the blank

4.7.2.3

4.7.2.4 Carboxylic acids

Name the molecule in the image shown

Ethanol

Propanol

Ethanoic Acid

Propanoic acid

4.7.2.4

Identify the functional groups present in the molecule shown in the image

4.7.2.4

Which two reactants can react together in the presence of an acid catalyst to produce this compound?

4.7.2.4

Carboxylic acids do not fully ionise in water. What kinds of acids are they?

4.7.2.4

When alcohols and carboxylic acids react, they form an ester.
Please name this ester

4.7.2.4

Which functional group do esters contain? Tick 1 correct answer

c=c

-OH

COOH

-COO-

4.7.2.4

Where are esters used? Tick 2 correct answers

in perfumes

as fuels

as flavourings

in alcoholic drinks

4.7.2.4

4.7.3 Synthetic and naturally occurring polymers

Which of the following statements about addition polymerisation are correct?

addition polymerisation results in the formation of one product

addition polymerisation results in the formation of two products

addition polymers are made from alkene monomers

addition polymers are made from alcohol and carboxylic acid monomers

4.7.3.1

The image shows an amino acid. How many functional groups are present in this amino acid?

4.7.3.4

Condensation polymerisation involves monomers that have how many functional groups?

4.7.3.2

A polymer is made up of many __________. What one word completes the sentence?

4.2.2.5

4.7.3.2

What type of polymerisation happens when amino acids react together?

Addition

Condensation

4.7.3.4

Amino acids can be combined to produce... what?

4.7.3.4

What is the name of the functional group -NH2 ?

4.7.3.2

4.7.3.4

When monomers combine in condensation polymers, what is the biproduct?

4.7.3.2

How many products are formed during addition polymerisation? Tick 1 correct answer

4.7.3.1

Polymerisation of the monomer shown in the image will produce which polymer? Tick 1 correct answer

poly(propene)

poly(bromoethene)

poly(chloroethene)

poly(tetrafluoroethene)

4.7.3.1

What is shown in the image? Tick 1 correct answer

a monomer

a polymer

a repeating unit

4.7.3.1

Match the key terms with the correct definitions. Write the correct letter in each box

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
addition polymerisation		long-chained molecules formed by joining together monomers.
repeating nunit		small molecules that can join together to form a polymer.
monomers		where monomers join together to form only one product.
polymers		a section of a polymer that repeats

4.7.3.1

How does the relative molecular mass (Mr) of poly(ethene) compare with the relative molecular mass of ethene? Tick 1 correct answer

The Mr of poly(ethene) is larger than the Mr of ethene.

The Mr of poly(ethene) is the same as the Mr of ethene.

The Mr of poly(ethene) is smaller than the Mr of ethene.

4.7.3.1

The image shows two repeat units. Which monomer was used in polymerisation to form a polymer containing these repeat units? Tick 1 correct answer

ethene

propene

butene

pentene

4.7.3.1

C7 Organic Chemistry

C7 Organic Chemistry

The prefix for 3 carbons is but-

The general formula for alkanes is:

Name the alkane

Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons. Most of these hydrocarbons are alkanes. The general formula of an alkane is CnH2n+2 Complete the structural formula for the alkane that has six carbon atoms in its molecules.(This question will not return an answer until it is looked at by Miss Bryant)

Crude oil contains a large number of hydrocarbons.Crude oil is a finite resource.What is a finite resource?Tick (✓) one box.

What is crude oil formed from?Tick (✓) one box.

This diagram shows a reaction which takes place in an oil refinery.X, Y and Z are all examples of which type of compound?

Suggest one use for compound Z.

Match the alkane name to its molecular formula

This is a hydrocarbon

This is a hydrocarbon

This is a hydrocarbon

This is a hydrocarbon

This is a hydrocarbon

The molecule in the previous question is...

A hexane molecule has 6 carbon atoms in the chain. How many hydrogen atoms are there?

The chemical formulae for ethane is...

Fossil fuels are a renewable resource

Crude oil is formed when...

Hydrocarbons are compounds made of...

What is fractional distillation?

Which of the following are examples of components that can be separated using fractional distillation?

Fractional distillation is an example of a physical separation technique.

The alkanes from crude oil are separated into fractions by fractional distillation.Explain how this is done and why it separates the alkanes into fractions.

Fractions are mixtures of substances with similar boiling points – they are not pure substances. How can you tell that they are mixtures and not pure substances.

5.20 kg of crude oil contains 1.53 kg of LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas).Calculate the percentage (%) of LPG in 5.20 kg of crude oil.Give your answer to 3 significant figures.

Describe how a fractioning column separates crude oil.

In a fractioning column, compounds are separated by...

Where would the least flammable compounds be found?

Where would would the most volatile compounds be found?

Where would the smallest and shortest alkanes be found?

What is fractional distillation?

Fractional distillation is an example of a physical separation technique.

Trends for alkanes as the carbon chain gets longer

Which of the following equations for the complete combustion of alkanes is correct?

Which of the following are possible products from the incomplete combustion of propene?

Sort the following alkenes into order of increasing chain length, starting with the molecule that has the shortest chain.

Ethene is an alkene. Which reagent is used to test for alkenes?

From the previous question, What type of chemical reaction takes place when compound X is converted into compounds Y and Z?

Compounds Y and Z are both useful substances.Compound Y is unsaturated. Compound Z is saturated.Suggest one use for compound Y.

Most ethene is produced by the process of cracking.Cracking is a type of thermal.......

Which of the following fractions are commonly used as fuels for cars? Tick 2 correct answers

Which of the following is an example of a hydrocarbon that can be cracked? Tick 1 correct answer

Which process involves heating larger alkanes to vapourise them, mixing with steam and heating to high temperatures to break down the hydrocarbon molecules? Tick 1 correct answer

Which of the following statements about alkenes is false? Tick 1 correct answer

Which statement best describes why different fractions of crude oil have different properties and uses? Tick 1 correct answer

Reactions of alkenes happen at their functional group. Which of the following is thefunctional group of alkenes? Tick 1 correct answer

Match the following key terms to their definitions. Write the correct letter in each box

Which of the following statements about alkenes are correct? Tick 2 correct answers

This question is about addition reactions.The figure below shows the displayed structural formula of ethene.When bromine water is added to ethene, the bromine water changes from orange to....

Chlorine reacts with ethene. Which of the following shows the displayed structural formula of the compound produced when chlorine reacts with ethene?

Chloroethene can be used to produce a polymer called poly(chloroethene).The displayed structural formula of chloroethene isWhich represents the structure of poly(chloroethene)?Tick (✓) one box.

This question is about monomers and polymers.Compound A has an alkene functional group and an ester functional group.Figure 1 represents a molecule of compound A.Click on the alkene functional group

Which of the following is the organic product when propene reacts with steam at a high temperature and pressure, in the presence of an acid catalyst? Tick 1 correct answer

Which homologous series does this compound belong to?

Give the name of this carboxylic acid

Tick all the pictures that represent ethanol

What is the name of the process that produces solutions of ethanol from sugar, resulting from the anaerobic respiration of microorganisms? Fill in the blank

Name the molecule in the image shown

Identify the functional groups present in the molecule shown in the image

Which two reactants can react together in the presence of an acid catalyst to produce this compound?

Carboxylic acids do not fully ionise in water. What kinds of acids are they?

When alcohols and carboxylic acids react, they form an ester.Please name this ester

Which functional group do esters contain? Tick 1 correct answer

Where are esters used? Tick 2 correct answers

Which of the following statements about addition polymerisation are correct?

The image shows an amino acid. How many functional groups are present in this amino acid?

Condensation polymerisation involves monomers that have how many functional groups?

A polymer is made up of many __________. What one word completes the sentence?

What type of polymerisation happens when amino acids react together?

Amino acids can be combined to produce... what?

What is the name of the functional group -NH2 ?

When monomers combine in condensation polymers, what is the biproduct?

How many products are formed during addition polymerisation? Tick 1 correct answer

Polymerisation of the monomer shown in the image will produce which polymer? Tick 1 correct answer

What is shown in the image? Tick 1 correct answer

Match the key terms with the correct definitions. Write the correct letter in each box

How does the relative molecular mass (Mr) of poly(ethene) compare with the relative molecular mass of ethene? Tick 1 correct answer

Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons. Most of these hydrocarbons are alkanes.
The general formula of an alkane is C_nH_2n+2
Complete the structural formula for the alkane that has six carbon atoms in its molecules.
(This question will not return an answer until it is looked at by Miss Bryant)

Crude oil contains a large number of hydrocarbons.
Crude oil is a finite resource.
What is a finite resource?
Tick (✓) one box.

What is crude oil formed from?
Tick (✓) one box.

This diagram shows a reaction which takes place in an oil refinery.
X, Y and Z are all examples of which type of compound?

The alkanes from crude oil are separated into fractions by fractional distillation.
Explain how this is done and why it separates the alkanes into fractions.

5.20 kg of crude oil contains 1.53 kg of LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas).
Calculate the percentage (%) of LPG in 5.20 kg of crude oil.
Give your answer to 3 significant figures.

Ethene is an alkene.
Which reagent is used to test for alkenes?

Compounds Y and Z are both useful substances.Compound Y is unsaturated. Compound Z is saturated.
Suggest one use for compound Y.

Most ethene is produced by the process of cracking.
Cracking is a type of thermal.......

Reactions of alkenes happen at their functional group. Which of the following is the
functional group of alkenes? Tick 1 correct answer

This question is about addition reactions.
The figure below shows the displayed structural formula of ethene.
When bromine water is added to ethene, the bromine water changes from orange to....

Chlorine reacts with ethene.
Which of the following shows the displayed structural formula of the compound produced when chlorine reacts with ethene?

Chloroethene can be used to produce a polymer called poly(chloroethene).
The displayed structural formula of chloroethene is
Which represents the structure of poly(chloroethene)?
Tick (✓) one box.

This question is about monomers and polymers.
Compound A has an alkene functional group and an ester functional group.
Figure 1 represents a molecule of compound A.

Click on the alkene functional group

When alcohols and carboxylic acids react, they form an ester.
Please name this ester

Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons. Most of these hydrocarbons are alkanes.
The general formula of an alkane is C_nH_2n+2
Complete the structural formula for the alkane that has six carbon atoms in its molecules.
(This question will not return an answer until it is looked at by Miss Bryant)

Crude oil contains a large number of hydrocarbons.
Crude oil is a finite resource.
What is a finite resource?
Tick (✓) one box.

What is crude oil formed from?
Tick (✓) one box.

This diagram shows a reaction which takes place in an oil refinery.
X, Y and Z are all examples of which type of compound?

The alkanes from crude oil are separated into fractions by fractional distillation.
Explain how this is done and why it separates the alkanes into fractions.

5.20 kg of crude oil contains 1.53 kg of LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas).
Calculate the percentage (%) of LPG in 5.20 kg of crude oil.
Give your answer to 3 significant figures.

Ethene is an alkene.
Which reagent is used to test for alkenes?

Compounds Y and Z are both useful substances.Compound Y is unsaturated. Compound Z is saturated.
Suggest one use for compound Y.

Most ethene is produced by the process of cracking.
Cracking is a type of thermal.......

Reactions of alkenes happen at their functional group. Which of the following is the
functional group of alkenes? Tick 1 correct answer

This question is about addition reactions.
The figure below shows the displayed structural formula of ethene.
When bromine water is added to ethene, the bromine water changes from orange to....

Chlorine reacts with ethene.
Which of the following shows the displayed structural formula of the compound produced when chlorine reacts with ethene?

Chloroethene can be used to produce a polymer called poly(chloroethene).
The displayed structural formula of chloroethene is
Which represents the structure of poly(chloroethene)?
Tick (✓) one box.

This question is about monomers and polymers.
Compound A has an alkene functional group and an ester functional group.
Figure 1 represents a molecule of compound A.

Click on the alkene functional group

When alcohols and carboxylic acids react, they form an ester.
Please name this ester