BIOL 66 Exam 1

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Which of the following is the best definition of physiology?

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Which of these is not an organ system?

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The state of relative constancy of the internal environment is called ___________.

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Negative feedback loops always amplify changes rather than counteract them.

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Explain the role of the integrating center in a negative feedback loop. Give an example.

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An ion forms when:

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Water’s polarity is due to shared electrons spending more time near the larger __________ atom.

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Which type of bond holds two water molecules together?

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Hydrophobic molecules dissolve readily in water.

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A solution made by dissolving 180 g of glucose in 1 L of water would be:

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DNA has the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and __________, while RNA has uracil instead.

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Describe one structural difference between glucose and galactose. Why is this difference significant?

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Which level of protein structure refers to alpha helices and beta-pleated sheets?

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Cholesterol promotes membrane fluidity and serves as a precursor for steroid hormones.

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Which organelle contains DNA and controls cell activity?

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The organelle responsible for ATP synthesis is the ____________.

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Match organelle to function:

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Splicing removes and joins in pre-mRNA.

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Translation occurs in the nucleus.

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Define a gene. How does gene expression result in protein synthesis?

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Which process directly produces the greatest amount of ATP?

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Glycolysis produces ______ ATP per glucose molecule net.

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The citric acid cycle produces NADH, FADH2, ATP, and CO2.

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Oxygen’s role in cellular respiration is to:

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Compare and contrast catabolism and anabolism with examples.

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Lactic acid fermentation is an aerobic process.

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Which coenzymes are essential electron carriers in metabolism?

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Movement of glucose into cells via GLUT is an example of:

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Diffusion requires ATP.

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Osmosis always involves the movement of __________ across a selectively permeable membrane.

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The Na+/K+ pump exchanges:

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Define isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions. Explain what happens to a cell in each condition.

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Resting membrane potential in a human cell is approximately:

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Exocytosis involves vesicles fusing with the plasma membrane to release contents outside the cell.

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Which nervous system division controls skeletal muscle?

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Interneurons connect neurons within the CNS.

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The basic functional unit of the nervous system is the ___________.

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Which glial cell forms myelin in the CNS?

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Match neuron parts:

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Explain the difference between graded potentials and action potentials.

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What is the threshold potential for initiating an action potential?

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During depolarization, Na+ channels open and sodium rushes into the neuron.

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Action potentials are conducted faster in __________ neurons due to saltatory conduction.

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Which period ensures one-way propagation of action potentials?

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EPSPs depolarize a neuron while IPSPs hyperpolarize it.

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Acetylcholine is released by:

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BIOL 66 Exam 1

Which of the following is the best definition of physiology?

Which of these is not an organ system?

The state of relative constancy of the internal environment is called ___________.

Negative feedback loops always amplify changes rather than counteract them.

Explain the role of the integrating center in a negative feedback loop. Give an example.

An ion forms when:

Water’s polarity is due to shared electrons spending more time near the larger __________ atom.

Which type of bond holds two water molecules together?

Hydrophobic molecules dissolve readily in water.

A solution made by dissolving 180 g of glucose in 1 L of water would be:

DNA has the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and __________, while RNA has uracil instead.

Describe one structural difference between glucose and galactose. Why is this difference significant?

Which level of protein structure refers to alpha helices and beta-pleated sheets?

Cholesterol promotes membrane fluidity and serves as a precursor for steroid hormones.

Which organelle contains DNA and controls cell activity?

The organelle responsible for ATP synthesis is the ____________.

Match organelle to function:

Splicing removes __________ and joins __________ in pre-mRNA.

Translation occurs in the nucleus.

Define a gene. How does gene expression result in protein synthesis?

Which process directly produces the greatest amount of ATP?

Glycolysis produces ______ ATP per glucose molecule net.

The citric acid cycle produces NADH, FADH2, ATP, and CO2.

Oxygen’s role in cellular respiration is to:

Compare and contrast catabolism and anabolism with examples.

Lactic acid fermentation is an aerobic process.

Which coenzymes are essential electron carriers in metabolism?

Movement of glucose into cells via GLUT is an example of:

Diffusion requires ATP.

Osmosis always involves the movement of __________ across a selectively permeable membrane.

The Na+/K+ pump exchanges:

Define isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions. Explain what happens to a cell in each condition.

Resting membrane potential in a human cell is approximately:

Exocytosis involves vesicles fusing with the plasma membrane to release contents outside the cell.

Which nervous system division controls skeletal muscle?

Interneurons connect neurons within the CNS.

The basic functional unit of the nervous system is the ___________.

Which glial cell forms myelin in the CNS?

Match neuron parts:

Explain the difference between graded potentials and action potentials.

What is the threshold potential for initiating an action potential?

During depolarization, Na+ channels open and sodium rushes into the neuron.

Action potentials are conducted faster in __________ neurons due to saltatory conduction.

Which period ensures one-way propagation of action potentials?

EPSPs depolarize a neuron while IPSPs hyperpolarize it.

Acetylcholine is released by:

Name two catecholamines and describe one physiological function they regulate.

Which of the following is the best definition of physiology?

Which of these is not an organ system?

The state of relative constancy of the internal environment is called ___________.

Negative feedback loops always amplify changes rather than counteract them.

Explain the role of the integrating center in a negative feedback loop. Give an example.

An ion forms when:

Water’s polarity is due to shared electrons spending more time near the larger __________ atom.

Which type of bond holds two water molecules together?

Hydrophobic molecules dissolve readily in water.

A solution made by dissolving 180 g of glucose in 1 L of water would be:

DNA has the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and __________, while RNA has uracil instead.

Describe one structural difference between glucose and galactose. Why is this difference significant?

Which level of protein structure refers to alpha helices and beta-pleated sheets?

Cholesterol promotes membrane fluidity and serves as a precursor for steroid hormones.

Which organelle contains DNA and controls cell activity?

The organelle responsible for ATP synthesis is the ____________.

Match organelle to function:

Splicing removes __________ and joins __________ in pre-mRNA.

Translation occurs in the nucleus.

Define a gene. How does gene expression result in protein synthesis?

Which process directly produces the greatest amount of ATP?

Glycolysis produces ______ ATP per glucose molecule net.

The citric acid cycle produces NADH, FADH2, ATP, and CO2.

Oxygen’s role in cellular respiration is to:

Compare and contrast catabolism and anabolism with examples.

Lactic acid fermentation is an aerobic process.

Which coenzymes are essential electron carriers in metabolism?

Movement of glucose into cells via GLUT is an example of:

Diffusion requires ATP.

Osmosis always involves the movement of __________ across a selectively permeable membrane.

The Na+/K+ pump exchanges:

Splicing removes and joins in pre-mRNA.

Splicing removes and joins in pre-mRNA.