DE_LE_Unit5 (9/17/2025)

Posljednje ažuriranje 8 months ago

52 questions

The Chemistry of Life_5.1

5.2 Cell Structure and Function

LE_5.3_Cell Transport

5.4 Cell Division

5.5 Asexual and Sexual Reproduction

5.6 Biological Organization and Control

DE_LE_Unit5 (9/17/2025)

Posljednje ažuriranje 8 months ago

52 questions

The Chemistry of Life_5.1

Engage_Which of the following are considered organic compounds?

glucose, C6H12O6

carbon dioxide, CO2

water, H2O

propane, C3H8

Engage_Match the following functions with the types of organic molecules they belong in. The functions may match to more than one molecule type.

provide energy for the cell
component of cell membranes
catalyze chemical reactions
store genetic information
structure of cell walls

Nucleic Acids
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Lipids

Engage_Which of the following are true statements about enzymes?

They are necessary for a chemical reaction to occur.

They increase the efficiency of chemical reactions.

They reduce the energy needed for a chemical reaction to occur.

One enzyme catalyzes many different reactions.

They are only needed for a few chemical reactions in cells.

They can catalyze the same reaction repeatedly.

Explore1_What are some examples of organic and inorganic molecules? Classify each object into the proper group.

ethanol (C₂H₅OH)
water (H₂O)
carbon dioxide (CO₂)
methane (CH₄)
nitrates (NO₃^1-)
diamonds (C)
disulfur (S₂)
glycine (an amino acid; C₂H₅NO₂)

Organic
Inorganic

Use the information in the text, what you learned in the video, and the two images below to answer the question. A mutation that leads to disruption of the sodium-potassium pump has been investigated as a cause of a rare disorder known as rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism (RDP). Dystonia is a condition characterized by spasmodic muscle movements. In this condition, the voluntary control of muscles is disrupted.

null

Which is the most reasonable hypothesis for the cause of the disorder?

Since extracellular fluid is rich in potassium ions, K+ ions diffuse into the cell readily. Since intracellular fluid is rich in chlorine ions, Cl- ions diffuse out of the cell readily. The mutation causes the cell to be impermeable to Cl-.

Homeostasis requires that the amount of sodium, chlorine, and potassium remain exactly the same at all times. Therefore, energy is needed to move exact quantities of each ion into and out of the cell.

Sodium and potassium must move into and out of the cell to move the charge along the cell membrane. Sodium will readily diffuse into the cell, along the concentration gradient, but to move it back out requires energy in the form of ATP. The mutation causes a malformation in one of the transport proteins, so the process is disrupted.

Sodium and chlorine must move into and out of the cell to move the charge along the cell membrane. Sodium will readily diffuse into the cell, along the concentration gradient, but to move it back out requires energy. The mutation causes a disruption in the shape of ATP and a malformation in one of the transport proteins, so the process is disrupted. Continued production of misshapen ATP and transport proteins would be catastrophic to all body systems.

Match the following types of molecules with the correct group of macromolecules.

waxes
glucose
fructose
DNA Polymerase
amylase
sterols
DNA
RNA
fat

Carbohydrates
Lipids
Protein
Nucleic Acids

Drugi mogući odgovor:

reduction

ATP

NADH

endergonic

hydrogen ion

phosphate group

NAD+

exergonic

ATP synthase

oxygen

What are some ways in which the structure of a compound influences its function?

5.2 Cell Structure and Function

Classify the following as a characteristic of prokaryotic, eukaryotic, or both.

vacuoles
Golgi apparatus
ribosomes
nucleoid
mitochondria
cell membrane

Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
Both

Which of the following are components of the cell theory?

All living things are made of one or more cells.

The cell is the basic unit of structure, physiology, and organization in living things.

All cells contain the same components.

Every cell arises from a preexisting cell.

Match the following organelles with their function.

Stavka koja se može prevući		Odgovarajuća stavka
lysosomes		serves as a barrier to unwanted chemicals; controls which substances move into and out of the cell.
Golgi apparatus		the fluid part of a cell
chloroplasts		holds the genetic material of the cell
mitochondria		a macromolecular complex enabling efficient packaging of DNA
cell membrane		convert chemical energy obtained from food into energy-rich compounds
cytosol/cytoplasm		produce sugars and starches via the process of photosynthesis
endoplasmic reticulum		contain digestive enzymes that break down food into simpler molecules
chromatin		where proteins are modified and exported to the rest of the cell.
nucleus		will hold ribosomes on its surface (rough) and are involved in detoxifying chemicals (smooth)

The kinetics of transport is the speed at which a cell transports a solute across a membrane. Active transport kinetics tends to have the shape of the graph shown below. Choose the best words or phrases that explain why the graph appears this way.

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What kind of structures must a cell have that would be analogous to a modern business?

LE_5.3_Cell Transport

Study the image. In which direction will the water move in this image? Drag one arrow into the correct location.

Drugi mogući odgovor:

null

How do cells regulate the passage of materials across their membranes in order to maintain homeostasis?

5.4 Cell Division

Classify the following as characteristics of either prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell division by dragging them to the correct column.

A growth period separates the DNA replication and the actual cell division.
Division involves mitosis to associate a complete set of chromosomes with each daughter nucleus.
Divides by binary fission.
A single chromosome replicates, and two copies attach to either end of the cell membrane.

Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic

Match the following terms or processes with the best definition.

Stavka koja se može prevući		Odgovarajuća stavka
S		Cell grows & prepares for DNA replication.
G2		DNA replication occurs.
M		Cell checks for DNA erros & prepares to divide.
G1		Cell division takes place and is completed.

Read the following questions. Select those that could be answered through an investigation of chromosome structure.

What proteins are found within strands of DNA?

Why are plasmids only found in single-celled organisms?

How does genetic information affect how organisms develop?

How do the chromosomes of prokaryotes and eukaryotes differ?

The cell cycle is responsible for the reproduction of cells in the body. Place the steps of the cell cycle in order.

In a diagnosis of cancer, a doctor ordered a karyotype of a suspect tissue. The karyotype is returned as shown below, and it confirms his diagnosis of cancer. How does the karyotype confirm the doctor’s diagnosis?

Explain what steps are involved in the cell division of a prokaryote versus a eukaryote.

5.5 Asexual and Sexual Reproduction

Which of the following can engage in sexual reproduction? Select all that apply.

Match each phrase to the correct category.

two daughter cells
crossing over occurs
four daughter cells
daughter cells are haploid
daughter cells are diploid

Mitosis
Meiosis

Asexual and sexual reproduction share many similarities and have many differences. Study the characteristics listed and then drag each into the correct column to classify it as either an asexual reproduction characteristic, a sexual reproduction characteristic, or both.

requires more energy input
offspring are genetically different from parent
produces offspring
involves one parent
involves two parents
involves cell division
no formation of gametes
essential for survival of species
offspring are genetically identical to parent

Asexual Reproduction Characteristic
Both Asexual Reproduction and Sexual Reproduction Characteristics
Sexual Reproduction Characteristic

Select the correct statements that belong to either haploid or diploid cells.

4 pairs of homologous chromosomes
4 non-homologous chromosomes
Gametes
Somatic cells
1N
2N

Diploid
Haploid

Drugi mogući odgovor:

Down Syndrome

aneuploidy

non-disjunction

sex-linked

trisomy

Klinefelter Syndrome

Explain what happens during asexual and sexual reproduction.

5.6 Biological Organization and Control

The muscular system interacts with other body systems to perform life’s functions. Classify each of the following terms as belonging to the muscular system, another body system, or both by dragging them to the correct box.

adrenal gland
cell
heart
bone
neuron
vertebrae
biceps
ligament
tendon
connective tissue
cartilage
trachea

Muscular System
Other Body System
Both

Match the following organ system with an example of its function.

Stavka koja se može prevući		Odgovarajuća stavka
integumentary		Oxygen, nutrients, wastes, and chemical messengers are transported.
excretory		Nutrients, salts, and water are broken down and absorbed
nervous		Growth, development, and metabolism are regulated.
respiratory		Fluid levels are maintained, and waste is eliminated.
digestive		Responses to changes in the internal and external environment are regulated.
circulatory		Gases such as O2, CO2, and water vapor are transferred.
endocrine		Body temperature is regulated, and a barrier function is fulfilled.

Multicellular organisms are organized in a hierarchical manner. Match the organism component with the correct level in the hierarchy.

Heart
Mitochondria
Xylem tracheid
Triceps
Neuron
Smooth Muscle

Organelle
Cell
Tissue
Organ

Organs in the digestive system sometimes fail. Doctors can diagnose this by analyzing a patient’s symptoms. Match each organ to a symptom that would occur if it failed.

Stavka koja se može prevući		Odgovarajuća stavka
Large intestines		The patient cannot eat through the mouth.
Small intestines		The patient cannot properly reabsorb water from food.
Esophagus		The patient cannot store food for later digestion.
Stomach		The patient cannot enzymatically break down proteins fully.

DE_LE_Unit5 (9/17/2025)

DE_LE_Unit5 (9/17/2025)

Engage_Which of the following are considered organic compounds?

Engage_Match the following functions with the types of organic molecules they belong in. The functions may match to more than one molecule type.

Engage_Which of the following are true statements about enzymes?

Explore1_What are some examples of organic and inorganic molecules? Classify each object into the proper group.

Which is the most reasonable hypothesis for the cause of the disorder?

Match the following types of molecules with the correct group of macromolecules.

What are some ways in which the structure of a compound influences its function?

Classify the following as a characteristic of prokaryotic, eukaryotic, or both.

Which of the following are components of the cell theory?

Match the following organelles with their function.

What kind of structures must a cell have that would be analogous to a modern business?

How do cells regulate the passage of materials across their membranes in order to maintain homeostasis?

Classify the following as characteristics of either prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell division by dragging them to the correct column.

Match the following terms or processes with the best definition.

Read the following questions. Select those that could be answered through an investigation of chromosome structure.

The cell cycle is responsible for the reproduction of cells in the body. Place the steps of the cell cycle in order.

In a diagnosis of cancer, a doctor ordered a karyotype of a suspect tissue. The karyotype is returned as shown below, and it confirms his diagnosis of cancer. How does the karyotype confirm the doctor’s diagnosis?

Explain what steps are involved in the cell division of a prokaryote versus a eukaryote.

Which of the following can engage in sexual reproduction? Select all that apply.

Match each phrase to the correct category.

Asexual and sexual reproduction share many similarities and have many differences. Study the characteristics listed and then drag each into the correct column to classify it as either an asexual reproduction characteristic, a sexual reproduction characteristic, or both.

Select the correct statements that belong to either haploid or diploid cells.

Explain what happens during asexual and sexual reproduction.

The muscular system interacts with other body systems to perform life’s functions. Classify each of the following terms as belonging to the muscular system, another body system, or both by dragging them to the correct box.

Match the following organ system with an example of its function.

Multicellular organisms are organized in a hierarchical manner. Match the organism component with the correct level in the hierarchy.

Organs in the digestive system sometimes fail. Doctors can diagnose this by analyzing a patient’s symptoms. Match each organ to a symptom that would occur if it failed.

How do the different parts of the human body work together to maintain internal conditions?

Engage_Which of the following are considered organic compounds?

Engage_Match the following functions with the types of organic molecules they belong in. The functions may match to more than one molecule type.

Engage_Which of the following are true statements about enzymes?

Explore1_What are some examples of organic and inorganic molecules? Classify each object into the proper group.

Which is the most reasonable hypothesis for the cause of the disorder?

Why might onset of the disorder prove irreversible?

Match the following types of molecules with the correct group of macromolecules.

What are some ways in which the structure of a compound influences its function?

Classify the following as a characteristic of prokaryotic, eukaryotic, or both.

Which of the following are components of the cell theory?

Match the following organelles with their function.

What kind of structures must a cell have that would be analogous to a modern business?

How do cells regulate the passage of materials across their membranes in order to maintain homeostasis?

Classify the following as characteristics of either prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell division by dragging them to the correct column.

Match the following terms or processes with the best definition.

Read the following questions. Select those that could be answered through an investigation of chromosome structure.

The cell cycle is responsible for the reproduction of cells in the body. Place the steps of the cell cycle in order.

In a diagnosis of cancer, a doctor ordered a karyotype of a suspect tissue. The karyotype is returned as shown below, and it confirms his diagnosis of cancer. How does the karyotype confirm the doctor’s diagnosis?

Explain what steps are involved in the cell division of a prokaryote versus a eukaryote.

Which of the following can engage in sexual reproduction? Select all that apply.

Match each phrase to the correct category.

Asexual and sexual reproduction share many similarities and have many differences. Study the characteristics listed and then drag each into the correct column to classify it as either an asexual reproduction characteristic, a sexual reproduction characteristic, or both.

Select the correct statements that belong to either haploid or diploid cells.

What is the name of this phase?

What is the name of this phase?

What is the name of this phase?

What is the name of this phase?

What is the name of this phase?

What is the name of this phase?

What is the name of this phase?

What is the name of this phase?

Explain what happens during asexual and sexual reproduction.

The muscular system interacts with other body systems to perform life’s functions. Classify each of the following terms as belonging to the muscular system, another body system, or both by dragging them to the correct box.

Match the following organ system with an example of its function.

Multicellular organisms are organized in a hierarchical manner. Match the organism component with the correct level in the hierarchy.

Organs in the digestive system sometimes fail. Doctors can diagnose this by analyzing a patient’s symptoms. Match each organ to a symptom that would occur if it failed.

How do the different parts of the human body work together to maintain internal conditions?

Why might onset of the disorder prove irreversible?

What is the name of this phase?

What is the name of this phase?

What is the name of this phase?

What is the name of this phase?

What is the name of this phase?

What is the name of this phase?

What is the name of this phase?

What is the name of this phase?