NYS Regents Physics Practice Cluster 3 (World Record Jumps) - Ashley Hart | Laabri

Base your answers to questions 1 through 5 on the information below and on your knowledge of physics.

Athletes competing in track and field competitions use speed as well as technique to excel in their specific events. In the long jump and the high jump, an athlete must propel themself into the air with as much speed as possible.

In the long jump, an athlete sprints along a runway and jumps as far as possible into a sandpit, as shown in Diagram 1. The long jump distance is measured as the horizontal distance from the takeoff board to the closest indentation in the sand.

Diagram of a long jump showing top and side views. The top view includes a runway, takeoff board, and sand pit. The side view features the sequence of a person performing a long jump, with emphasis on the takeoff board and long jump distance.

Michael Powell set the world record for the long jump at the 1991 World Championships in Tokyo. Table 1 shows some information about Michael Powell’s record-setting jump.

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1

Use one or more mathematical relationships to support or refute the claim that the magnitude of the average net horizontal force causing Michael Powell to accelerate along the runway was $180 \text{ newtons}$.
Place a checkmark (✔) in the appropriate box to indicate if your analysis supports or refutes this claim.

Support

Refute

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1

Based on your analysis of the data in Table 1, what is Michael Powell’s resulting world record long jump horizontal distance?

4.48 m

7.10 m

8.95 m

15.6 m

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In the high jump, an athlete runs toward a horizontal bar located a fixed height above the ground. Jumping head first with their back to the bar, the athlete attempts to clear the bar without knocking it off its supports. After the jump, they land on a mat, as shown in Diagram 2. In this event, the jumping distance is the vertical distance measured from the ground to the bar’s fixed height.

Diagram showing a high jump in progress. Athlete jumping over a horizontal bar onto a mat. In July 2024, 55-kilogram Yaroslava Mahuchikh from Ukraine set the world record of 2.10 meters in the women’s high jump at the Paris Diamond League.

1

Calculate the kinetic energy associating with Yaroslava's jump, using potential gravitational energy formulas involving height and mass. Consider the following expressions:

$\sqrt{2}(55)(2.10)$

$\sqrt{2}(9.8)(2.10)$

$\sqrt{2}(9.8)(5)$

$\sqrt{2}(55)(5)$

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Graph 1 below models the relationship between height and time for Yaroslava Mahuchikh as she travels through the air.

Graph showing a parabolic curve representing height over time, labeled as 'Graph 1'.

1

Based on your analysis of Graph 1, which claim correctly describes the forces acting on Yaroslava Mahuchikh and her resulting motion as she travels through the air?

Balanced forces and her speed was constant during the jump.

Balanced forces and her speed changed during the jump.

Unbalanced forces and her speed was constant during the jump.

Unbalanced forces and her speed changed during the jump.

HS-PS2-1

In the high jump, an athlete runs toward a horizontal bar located a fixed height above the ground. Jumping head first with their back to the bar, the athlete attempts to clear the bar without knocking it off its supports. After the jump, they land on a mat, as shown in Diagram 2. In this event, the jumping distance is the vertical distance measured from the ground to the bar’s fixed height.

Diagram showing a high jump in progress. Athlete jumping over a horizontal bar onto a mat. In July 2024, 55-kilogram Yaroslava Mahuchikh from Ukraine set the world record of 2.10 meters in the women’s high jump at the Paris Diamond League.

1

Compared to landing on a hard platform at the same height, the mat in Diagram 2 is designed to protect a high jumper during impact when they land. Place a check mark (✓) to indicate the magnitude of the force on the jumper and the time to bring the jumper to rest during impact with the mat, when compared to impact with a hard platform.

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