Mark Antony's Funeral Oration

physical object source

written source

visual source

data-driven source

primary source

secondary source

to critique

to record

to inform

to persuade

the Roman Senate

the conspirators who killed Caesar

the citizens of Rome gathered at Caesar’s funeral

Caesar’s army on the battlefield

The audience calmly accepted Brutus’s explanation and went home.

The audience became angry at the conspirators and were stirred into a violent mob.

The audience further turned against Julius Caesar and supported the conspirators.

The audience ignored Mark Antony and refused to listen to his arguments.

He lowers expectations thus allowing the crowd to ignore him.

He appears humble and trustworthy to the audience.

He admits he disliked Caesar.

He immediately wins the support of Brutus.

oxymoron

verbal irony

personification

hyperbole

Ethos (credibility)

Kairos (perfect timing)

Logos (logic)

Pathos (emotion)

To prove that Caesar was not truly ambitious.

To praise Brutus for his honesty.

To criticize a Roman tradition.

To show Caesar was too weak to rule.

alliteration

dramatic irony

metaphor

foreshadowing

relief that the conflict is over

sympathy and sorrow for Caesar

admiration toward Brutus

confusion and uncertainty

angry and threatening

grieving but persuasive

joyful and celebratory

calm and indifferent