Future Perfect
Future Perfect (будущее совершенное время) в английском языке используется для описания действий, которые завершатся к определённому моменту в будущем.
Структура:
Subject + will have + past participle (V3) + (object / complement)
Примеры:
I will have finished my homework by 8 p.m.
She will have left the office before the meeting starts.
They will have built the new school by next year.
Действие, которое завершится к определённому моменту в будущем
By tomorrow, I will have completed the report.
By 2026, he will have graduated from university.
Предположение о завершении действия в будущем
Don’t worry about the tickets. They will have arrived by now.
She will have finished cooking when we get home.
С указателями времени (часто используются: by, by the time, before, until)
By the time you read this, I will have left.
I will have cleaned the house before they come.
Структура:
Subject + will not have + past participle
Примеры:
I will not have finished by 5 p.m.
He won’t have seen the movie before Friday.
Структура:
Will + subject + have + past participle?
Примеры:
Will you have completed the project by tomorrow?
Will they have arrived before the meeting starts?
Future Perfect: акцент на том, что действие будет завершено к определённому моменту.
By 10 p.m., I will have finished my homework.
Future Continuous: акцент на том, что действие будет происходить в определённый момент в будущем.
At 10 p.m., I will be doing my homework.
By the time you come, I __________ my homework.
She __________ the report before the boss arrives.
We __________ dinner by 7 p.m.
By next year, they __________ in their new house.
By the time you arrive, I will finished my work.
She will have writes the email before noon.
They will has completed the project by Friday.
By tomorrow, we will cleaning the kitchen.
Prompt: Write a paragraph (80–100 words) about what you will have achieved by the end of this year. Use at least 5 Future Perfect verbs.
Example ideas: finishing a course, learning new skills, reading books, visiting places, completing projects.
Prompt: Imagine a day in your life one year from now. Describe what you and others will have done by certain times. Use Future Perfect.
Example: “By 9 a.m., I will have eaten breakfast. My friends will have arrived at school. By 12 p.m., we will have finished our lessons.”
Prompt: Write a short paragraph (100–120 words) predicting changes in the world or your city. Describe what people, cities, or technology will have done by that time.
Example: “By 2035, people will have invented better energy solutions. Cities will have built new parks and schools. Most people will have traveled to other countries at least once.”
By 2035, cities will have changed dramatically. Many buildings will have been equipped with smart energy systems, and most public transport will have become electric or autonomous. By this time, people will have learned to rely more on renewable energy, and cities will have reduced their carbon emissions significantly.
In the mornings, people will be traveling to work in self-driving buses or on bicycles, while delivery robots will be bringing packages to homes. By lunchtime, most offices will have completed important meetings online, and employees will have returned to flexible schedules, working from home or co-working spaces.
By the end of the day, new technologies will have helped people monitor their health, cook healthy meals automatically, and even clean their homes with robotic assistants. Children will have learned programming and digital skills from an early age, and older generations will have adapted to new gadgets more easily than today.
By 2035, the city will have become more sustainable, more efficient, and more connected, but people will still be facing challenges related to privacy, climate change, and equality. Technology will have solved many problems, but some issues will continue to require human attention and creativity.
By 2035, most public transport will be electric or autonomous.
People will have stopped using renewable energy completely.
Delivery robots will be bringing packages to homes in the mornings.
Employees will have completed most meetings in person at offices.
By the end of the day, robotic assistants will help people clean their homes.
Children will have learned digital skills from an early age.
By 2035, the city will have become less connected than today.
Technology will have solved all problems, so humans will not need to worry about privacy or climate change.
By the time the annual science fair starts next Friday, the students will have prepared their projects carefully. Each team will have conducted experiments, collected data, and written detailed reports. Some students will have built working models, while others will have created presentations with videos and slides.
The teachers will have checked all the projects to make sure everything is safe and ready. The organizers will have set up the exhibition hall, and the judges will have received all the necessary forms and instructions. By the first morning of the fair, the cafeteria will have stocked food and drinks for visitors, and volunteers will have arranged signs and banners.
Many students hope that by the end of the event, they will have won awards for their hard work. Parents will have traveled from different cities to see the projects. By next weekend, the science fair will have ended, and the students will have learned new skills, gained experience, and shared their knowledge with others.
| Stavka koja se može prevući | arrow_right_alt | Odgovarajuća stavka |
|---|---|---|
Some students … | arrow_right_alt | will have prepared their projects carefully. |
Many students hope … | arrow_right_alt | will have built working models. |
The organizers … | arrow_right_alt | will have checked all the projects for safety. |
By the time the science fair starts, the students … | arrow_right_alt | will have arranged signs and banners. |
The cafeteria … | arrow_right_alt | will have received all the necessary forms and instructions. |
Parents … | arrow_right_alt | will have stocked food and drinks for visitors. |
The judges … | arrow_right_alt | will have won awards for their hard work. |
The teachers … | arrow_right_alt | will have traveled from different cities to see the projects. |
By the end of this academic year, Emma will have completed all her courses for her degree. She will have written several essays, will have taken important exams, and will have presented her final project to the professors. Some of her classmates will have finished internships at local companies, while others will have participated in international exchange programs.
By the time graduation day arrives, Emma will have attended many workshops and seminars to improve her skills. She will have made new friends and will have learned how to manage her time and responsibilities better. Her professors will have prepared certificates and awards for outstanding students.
By next summer, she will have applied for several job positions, and she hopes that by the time autumn comes, she will have started her first professional job. This year will have been full of challenges, achievements, and experiences that Emma will have remembered for the rest of her life.
Exercise: Put the events in the correct order
Emma will have applied for several job positions.
Emma will have attended workshops and seminars.
Emma will have made new friends and will have learned how to manage her time.
Some classmates will have finished internships or will have participated in exchange programs.
Her professors will have prepared certificates and awards.
Emma will have started her first professional job.
Emma will have completed all her courses.
Emma will have written several essays and will have taken exams.
By Saturday evening, Emma will have…
What will Emma have ordered before the party?
By the morning of the party, she will have…
When her friends arrive, the music will have…
By the end of the party, everyone will have…
What will Emma have done by Sunday?
Exercise: Put the events in the correct order
The teachers will have checked all the projects.
By Saturday, the organizers will have cleaned the hall.
Volunteers will have decorated the hall.
The students will have finished their posters and arranged the models.
Visitors will be walking around the exhibition.
The technical team will have set up the computers and projectors.
The students will have presented all their work and will have answered questions.
By Saturday, the organizers will have packed everything for storage.
Exercise: Match the beginnings and endings
| Stavka koja se može prevući | arrow_right_alt | Odgovarajuća stavka |
|---|---|---|
The project … | arrow_right_alt | will have explained how to take care of the plants. |
The volunteers … | arrow_right_alt | will have installed a new irrigation system. |
By the end of the season, the community … | arrow_right_alt | will have planted all the flowers and vegetables. |
By the first weekend, the organizers … | arrow_right_alt | will have harvested fresh vegetables and enjoyed the garden. |
By the end of next month, the volunteers … | arrow_right_alt | will have strengthened teamwork and taught valuable skills. |
The gardeners … | arrow_right_alt | will have prepared signs and arranged workshops for children. |
Many families … | arrow_right_alt | will have visited the garden to see the progress. |
Prompt: Talk about what you will have done by the end of this weekend.
Example ideas: homework, cleaning your room, visiting friends, finishing a book.
Instructions for app:
Student records a short answer (30–60 seconds).
Must use at least 3 Future Perfect verbs.
Prompt: Describe what you will have achieved by the end of this year.
Example ideas: learned a new skill, read a certain number of books, improved English, completed a course.