Ms Kelly/Ms I MidTerm_Physical Sciences

Posljednje ažuriranje 6 months ago

30

Napomena autora:

for DL with accomodations

Scientific Method and Parts of an Experiment

Forces and motion

1

Biblioteka

Ms Kelly/Ms I MidTerm_Physical Sciences

Posljednje ažuriranje 6 months ago

30

Napomena autora:

for DL with accomodations

Scientific Method and Parts of an Experiment

Parts of an Experiment

Independent Variable (IV): The factor that is changed or controlled in a scientific experiment. [cause]
- Spanish: Variable independiente
- Chinese: 独立变量 (Dúlì biànliàng)
Dependent Variable (DV): The factor that is measured or observed in a scientific experiment.[effect]
- Spanish: Variable dependiente
- Chinese: 因变量 (Yīn biànliàng)
Control: The standard to which comparisons are made in an experiment. [It is kept constant or the same]
- Spanish: Control
- Chinese: 对照 (Duìzhào)

Scientific Method vs. Engineering Design

Scientific Method: Involves forming a hypothesis and conducting experiments to observe and analyze how variables interact.
- Spanish: Método científico
- Chinese: 科学方法 (Kēxué fāngfǎ)
Engineering Design: Focuses on creating solutions by identifying problems, designing prototypes or models, and testing solutions.
- Spanish: Diseño de ingeniería
- Chinese: 工程设计 (Gōngchéng shèjì)

Physical Science ONLY

Forces and Motion

Force: Push or Pull

Definition: A force is a push or pull upon an object resulting from the object's interaction with another object.
Spanish: Empujar o tirar
Chinese: 推或拉 (Tuī huò lā)

Contact Forces

null

Definition: Forces that occur when two objects are in physical contact with each other.
Examples:
- Friction: A force that opposes motion between two surfaces.
- Tension: A force transmitted through a string, cable, or wire.
Spanish: Fuerzas de contacto
Chinese: 接触力 (Jiēchù lì)

Non-Contact Forces null

Definition: Forces that occur even when the objects are not in physical contact.
Examples:
- Gravity: A force that attracts two bodies towards each other.
- Electo Magnetic Force: The force produced by electrical and magnetic energy.
Spanish: Fuerzas no de contacto
Chinese: 非接触力 (Fēi jiēchù lì)

Newton's First Law

Definition: An object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force. This is often referred to as the law of inertia.
Spanish: La primera ley de Newton
Chinese: 牛顿第一定律 (Niúdùn dì yī dìnglǜ)

Inertia

Definition: The tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion. It's directly related to the mass of the object.
Spanish: Inercia
Chinese: 惯性 (Guànxìng)

1

Engineering Vs Scientific Process

Science vs Engineering methods - Water Cooler - Spiceworks Community

1

Differentiate between data collection in science and engineering.

Stavka koja se može prevući		Odgovarajuća stavka
Analyzes variables and controls		Data from prototypes and tests
Draws conclusions on theories		Measures effectiveness and efficiency
Observational and experimental data		Evaluates designs against criteria

1

Forces and motion

1

What force keeps a book resting on a table from falling?

Gravity pulling it down

Air pushing up against it

The normal force from the table

1

A child pushes a toy car. Which force acts between them?

Contact force from the child's hand

Magnetic force from the floor

Gravity pulling down the car

1

A ball is thrown in the air. What force acts on it after thrown?

Magnetic force in the air

Air resistance pushing it up

Gravity pulling it down

1

A magnet pulls a pin. What type of force is this?

Friction from pin against surface

Contact force from the magnet

Non-contact force due to magnetism

1

A skateboarder comes to a stop. What force acted on them?

Gravity pulling them down

Friction from the ground

Normal force pushing them up

1

What keeps planets in orbit around the sun?

Gravitational force from the sun

Frictional forces in space

Contact forces from their surfaces

1

A soccer ball rolls on grass. What force slows it down?

Magnetic forces from the ground

Friction between the ball and grass

Gravity pulling it down

Force is a fundamental concept in the field of physics that plays a crucial role in our understanding of how objects interact with one another.

Broadly defined, force is any push or pull that can cause an object to change its state of motion. This means that when a force is applied to an object, it can start moving, stop moving, change direction, or even change shape. Forces come in various forms and can be classified into two main categories: contact forces and non-contact forces.

Contact forces occur when two objects touch each other. For example, when you kick a soccer ball, the force from your foot acts upon the ball, sending it flying across the field.

On the other hand, non-contact forces, such as gravity and magnetism, can exert influence over objects without any physical contact.

The force of gravity pulls everything toward the Earth, which is why we stay grounded.

1

Force is defined as a push or pull that can change an object's state of motion.

Tačno

Netačno

1

Parts of an Experiment

Independent Variable (IV): The factor that is changed or controlled in a scientific experiment. [cause]
- Spanish: Variable independiente
- Chinese: 独立变量 (Dúlì biànliàng)
Dependent Variable (DV): The factor that is measured or observed in a scientific experiment.[effect]
- Spanish: Variable dependiente
- Chinese: 因变量 (Yīn biànliàng)
Control: The standard to which comparisons are made in an experiment. [It is kept constant or the same]
- Spanish: Control
- Chinese: 对照 (Duìzhào)

Scientific Method vs. Engineering Design

Scientific Method: Involves forming a hypothesis and conducting experiments to observe and analyze how variables interact.
- Spanish: Método científico
- Chinese: 科学方法 (Kēxué fāngfǎ)
Engineering Design: Focuses on creating solutions by identifying problems, designing prototypes or models, and testing solutions.
- Spanish: Diseño de ingeniería
- Chinese: 工程设计 (Gōngchéng shèjì)

Physical Science ONLY

Forces and Motion

Force: Push or Pull

Definition: A force is a push or pull upon an object resulting from the object's interaction with another object.
Spanish: Empujar o tirar
Chinese: 推或拉 (Tuī huò lā)

Contact Forces

null

Definition: Forces that occur when two objects are in physical contact with each other.
Examples:
- Friction: A force that opposes motion between two surfaces.
- Tension: A force transmitted through a string, cable, or wire.
Spanish: Fuerzas de contacto
Chinese: 接触力 (Jiēchù lì)

Non-Contact Forces null

Definition: Forces that occur even when the objects are not in physical contact.
Examples:
- Gravity: A force that attracts two bodies towards each other.
- Electo Magnetic Force: The force produced by electrical and magnetic energy.
Spanish: Fuerzas no de contacto
Chinese: 非接触力 (Fēi jiēchù lì)

Newton's First Law

Definition: An object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force. This is often referred to as the law of inertia.
Spanish: La primera ley de Newton
Chinese: 牛顿第一定律 (Niúdùn dì yī dìnglǜ)

Inertia

Definition: The tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion. It's directly related to the mass of the object.
Spanish: Inercia
Chinese: 惯性 (Guànxìng)

Engineering Vs Scientific Process

Science vs Engineering methods - Water Cooler - Spiceworks Community

1

Differentiate between data collection in science and engineering.

Stavka koja se može prevući		Odgovarajuća stavka
Analyzes variables and controls		Data from prototypes and tests
Draws conclusions on theories		Measures effectiveness and efficiency
Observational and experimental data		Evaluates designs against criteria

1

Characterize problem-solving strategies in science vs. engineering.

Stavka koja se može prevući		Odgovarajuća stavka
Analyzing data for conclusions		Brainstorming for design solutions
Refinement through theoretical frameworks		Evaluating designs against constraints
Controlled experiments for hypothesis testing		Iteration after user feedback

1

A team builds a bridge. What is their main goal?

Make it look visually appealing.

Design a functional and safe bridge.

Create the cheapest materials.

1

During a science experiment, what is crucial to do?

Control variables to ensure fairness.

Skip the hypothesis step.

Use as many variables as possible.

1

If a prototype fails, engineers should...

Abandon the project entirely.

Analyze and improve the design.

Consult only non-experts for help.

What force keeps a book resting on a table from falling?

Gravity pulling it down

Air pushing up against it

The normal force from the table

A child pushes a toy car. Which force acts between them?

Contact force from the child's hand

Magnetic force from the floor

Gravity pulling down the car

A ball is thrown in the air. What force acts on it after thrown?

Magnetic force in the air

Air resistance pushing it up

Gravity pulling it down

A magnet pulls a pin. What type of force is this?

Friction from pin against surface

Contact force from the magnet

Non-contact force due to magnetism

A skateboarder comes to a stop. What force acted on them?

Gravity pulling them down

Friction from the ground

Normal force pushing them up

What keeps planets in orbit around the sun?

Gravitational force from the sun

Frictional forces in space

Contact forces from their surfaces

A soccer ball rolls on grass. What force slows it down?

Magnetic forces from the ground

Friction between the ball and grass

Gravity pulling it down

What is the independent variable in the experiment?

A. lima bean

B. amount of water

C. plant growth

D. the material (cotton ball, soil, or gravel)

What is the dependent variable in the experiment?

A. lima bean

B. amount of water

C. plant growth

D. the material (cotton ball, soil, or gravel)

One control in the experiment is

A. The amount of water in each bag

B. the material in the bag (cotton ball, soil, gravel)

C. how much the lima beans grow

If Janessa is measuring the height of the plant, what type of data is she collecting?

A. Qualitative

B. Quantitative

What is the dependent variable in Janessa's experiment?

Amount of water added.

Seeds planted in each bag.

Plant growth measured over time.

Why is it important to measure growth every two days?

To track growth patterns and changes over time.

To change the materials if needed.

To add more water each day.

Based on Janessa's experiment, which medium is most effective for sprouting lima bean seeds?

Soil provides necessary nutrients for growth.

Cotton prevents adequate drainage for seeds.

No medium supports seed sprouting.

What is the purpose of using three different baggies?

To have backup in case of failure.

To compare effects of different materials.

To test only one material at a time.

What might be a limitation of Janessa's experiment?

Using sunlight as a variable.

Growth only measured at the end.

Too many materials being tested.

It uses only one type of seed: lima beans.

How could Janessa improve her experiment?

Test additional materials for better comparison.

Increase the amount of water in each bag.

Change measurement intervals to daily.

What conclusion can be drawn from the results?

Gravel is the best material for sprouting.

Cotton balls provide too much moisture.

Soil likely aids in optimal seed sprouting.

Characterize problem-solving strategies in science vs. engineering.

Stavka koja se može prevući		Odgovarajuća stavka
Analyzing data for conclusions		Brainstorming for design solutions
Refinement through theoretical frameworks		Evaluating designs against constraints
Controlled experiments for hypothesis testing		Iteration after user feedback

A team builds a bridge. What is their main goal?

Make it look visually appealing.

Design a functional and safe bridge.

Create the cheapest materials.

During a science experiment, what is crucial to do?

Control variables to ensure fairness.

Skip the hypothesis step.

Use as many variables as possible.

If a prototype fails, engineers should...

Abandon the project entirely.

Analyze and improve the design.

Consult only non-experts for help.

Gravity is considered a non-contact force.

Tačno

Netačno

Non-contact forces can influence objects without physical touch.

Tačno

Netačno

Contact forces arise only when objects do not touch each other.

Tačno

Netačno

When a soccer ball is kicked, the force from the foot affects the ball's motion.

Tačno

Netačno

Changing the shape of an object is one possible effect of applying force.

Tačno

Netačno

Forces cannot change the direction of an object's movement.

Tačno

Netačno