Study Guide for a cells quiz on animal, plant, and bacterial cells.
cell membrane, cell wall, cytoplasm, DNA loop, plasmid, ribosomes
Why do scientists think that our mitochondria were once bacteria that got swallowed up?
What happens to proteins that don’t receive a “tag” from the golgi body before leaving the cell? Why does this happen?
What is special about the membrane around our nucleus compared to other membranes in our cells?
What is one way that a colony of bacteria can develop resistance to antibiotics so quickly?
nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, mitochondria, golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, vacuole
nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, mitochondria, golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, vacuole, cell wall, chloroplast
ANIMAL CELLS: Briefly describe the function of each organelle:
Nucleus
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Apparatus
Vacuole
(yes, you have to type them all, I know its a long one)
Fill in the blanks with either lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, or carbohydrates:
Cell membranes are made of a phospho- ________ bilayer with ________ embedded throughout.
In your own words, explain what it means that cell membranes are made of a phospholipid bilayer with proteins embedded throughout.
Fill in the blanks with either lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, or carbohydrates:
Ribosomes are big ________ that make other ____________ for your cell.
Fill in the blanks with either lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, or carbohydrates:
The nucleus contains the DNA, and DNA is made of __________________.
Fill in the blanks with either lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, or carbohydrates:
The mitochondria converts ______________ into ATP energy.
Fill in the blanks with either lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, or carbohydrates:
All membranes in your cell are made of __________ layers with ________ embedded throughout.
Fill in the blanks with either lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, or carbohydrates:
Smooth ER makes __________ and rough ER makes __________.
Fill in the blanks with either lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, or carbohydrates:
Golgi bodies are organelles made of ________ membranes that help transport __________ in and out of your cell.
Draw an animal cell and label the organelles from the list in Question 1.
Animal cells are rigid and stiff, and cannot change shape easily.
All animal cells have the same organelles and structure, no matter what their function in the body is.
Plant cells have ALL the organelles that animal cells have.
PLANT CELLS: Briefly describe the function of each added organelle in plants:
Cell Wall =
Chloroplast =
Central Vacuole =
Fill in the blanks with either lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, or carbohydrates:
The cell wall is made of __________________.
Fill in the blanks with either lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, or carbohydrates:
The chloroplast takes sunlight and converts it into ________________.
Fill in the blanks with either lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, or carbohydrates:
All plant cell membranes (including those around the organelles) are made of a ______ bilayer with ________ embedded throughout.
Draw a plant cell and label the organelles from BOTH the animal and plants 2 sections.
What is one problem that plant cells have due to their cell walls?
How does the central vacuole play a role in solving this problem caused by cell walls?
Plants have cell walls only, while animals have cell membranes only.
Cellular respiration occurs in the chloroplast.
The chloroplast contains chlorophyll, which makes plants green.
Light reactions in photosynthesis happen on the thylakoid membrane.
Dark reactions in photosynthesis produce ATP in the stroma.
Chlorophyll is not the only plant pigment; there are other colors too.
Plants regulate their turgor pressure by letting water in and out.
Plants have chloroplast only, while animals have mitochondria only.
Plants need more organelles than animals because they cannot move.
What are some ways you can tell you are seeing plant cells under a microscope compared to animal cells?
Where on a plant would you find cells with the most chloroplasts? Why?
Name three ways prokaryotes and eukaryotes are different from each other.
Name the three organelles that ALL CELLS have.
Briefly describe the function of each prokaryote organelle:
Cell Wall
Cell Membrane
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
Plasmids
Draw a prokaryote cell and label it with the organelles in Part 2.
How is bacteria DNA different from your human DNA?
Two bacteria are placed in a petri dish. One of them can glow, and the other one cannot. After a few hours, they are both glowing. How is this possible?
Define the term Protist.
Bacteria are all unicellular.
ALL eukaryotes are multicellular.
Humans are eukaryotes, because we have membrane-bound organelles.
Bacteria have DNA, but no nucleus.
Bacteria swim using little hairs called cilia.
A ribosome is a membrane-bound organelle.
Bacteria do not have outer cell membranes.
Why do scientists think bacteria are more related to plants than animals?