Directions: Use the information provided and your knowledge of Physical Science to answer the following questions. Show all work where necessary.
Directions: Use the information provided and your knowledge of Physical Science to answer the following questions. Show all work where necessary.
Diagram 1.
Source: https://www.slideserve.com/vonda/potential-kinetic-energy#google_vignette
A rubber band stretched a longer distance stores more potential energy than the same rubber band stretched only a little. When released, the more-stretched rubber band can launch an object farther, showing more energy was stored in the system.
Energy can be stored in a system when objects are arranged in a way that allows forces to act, even if nothing is moving. This stored energy is called potential energy. In systems where forces act through distance, changing the arrangement changes how much potential energy is stored.
A rubber band provides a clear example of elastic potential energy. When a rubber band is stretched, the parts of the rubber band are pulled farther apart. The rubber band exerts a restoring force that tries to return it to its original shape. The rubber band does not need to be moving to store energy. As long as it is stretched and held in place, energy is stored in the system because of the arrangement.
The amount of energy stored depends on how far the rubber band is stretched. A small stretch stores a smaller amount of energy. A larger stretch stores more energy. This can be observed when the rubber band is released. A rubber band stretched farther can do more work, such as launching a small object farther or pulling a cart a greater distance. These differences provide evidence that changing the arrangement changes the amount of stored energy.
Diagram 2.
Source:
https://slidetodoc.com/kinetic-and-potential-energy-potential-energy-stored-energy/
Scientists build models for elastic potential energy by collecting data about stretch distance and the energy stored. One way to estimate stored energy is to measure the force needed to stretch the rubber band and use it to calculate potential energy. When these values are graphed, a pattern appears: as stretch distance increases, the potential energy stored in the rubber band system increases.
In this investigation, the rubber band and the object being pulled interact through a force over a distance. The data tables and graphs help create a model showing that increasing stretch distance increases stored potential energy.
Table 1.
Stretch Distance (m) | Force (N) | Elastic Potential Energy (J) | Change in PE from Lowest (J) |
|---|---|---|---|
0.05 | 1 | 0.025 | 0 |
0.1 | 2 | 0.1 | 0.075 |
0.15 | 3 | 0.22 | 0.19 |
0.2 | 4 | 0.4 | 0.375 |
0.25 | 5 | 0.625 | 0.6 |
Graph of Information - Figure 1.
Graph of Information - Figure 2.
Which statement best describes the pattern shown in Table 1?
Using the reading, explain how a rubber band can store energy even when it is not moving.
Using Table 1, describe how the elastic potential energy changes as stretch distance increases from 0.05m to 0.25m.
How do Diagrams 1 and 2 help show that energy can be stored in a system through forces acting at a distance?
Which conclusion is best supported by Figures 1 and 2?
A student claims: “When a rubber band is stretched farther, more potential energy is stored in the system because the arrangement of the interacting objects has changed.” Do you agree or disagree? Use evidence from the investigation to support your answer.
Claim:
Evidence:
Reasoning: