Topic 5 Plate Tectonics Test - Amanda Cooper | Biblioteka

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Based on the diagram, what causes magma to form at this plate boundary?

The continental plate pulls magma up from the mantle.

The continental plate begins to melt due to friction at the plate boundary.

The oceanic plate pushes magma up from the mantle.

The oceanic plate melts as it sinks into the mantle, where heat and pressure cause the rock to melt.

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Reorder the statements to explain how volcanoes form along the boundary illustrated in the diagram.

An ocean plate subducts below a continental plate.
The volcano erupts and lava flows out onto Earth's surface.
The continental crust experiences uplift as it folds and cracks.
Magma created at the plate boundary rises through cracks in the continental crust.

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Scientists have discovered fossils of Lystrosaurus, a plant-eating dinosaur, in Antarctica, India, and South Africa. Based on this discovery, which of the following conclusions could scientists most likely make about how Earth has changed over time?

Ancient reptiles and plants were able to survive in extremely cold temperatures and have only recently evolved to live in warmer climates.

Antarctica was once located at the equator.

Antarctica was located closer to other continents and had a warmer climate better suited for plant and reptilian life.

At some point in geologic history, the poles were warm and the equator was extremely cold.

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Which of the illustrations shows how earthquakes can form at a convergent boundary?

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Scientists predict that in approximately 10 million years, the African continent will split into two separate landmasses, creating a new ocean basin between them. Which of the following statements is the best evidence that supports this idea?

There are reports of shallow earthquakes near the eastern coastline of Africa.

There are volcanoes, such as Mt. Kilimanjaro, near the eastern coastline of Africa.

There are mid-ocean ridges forming along the eastern portion of the continent.

There is an ocean trench forming along the eastern portion of the continent.

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Use the statements below to determine the correct order from oldest to youngest for the rock layers. Arrange the layers based on the law of superposition.

1. Trilobites and ammonites are some of the oldest fossils found in these rock layers.
2. Trilobites went extinct before ammonites.
3. Fossil evidence indicates mammals evolved around the same time that dinosaurs went extinct.
4. Fossil evidence of shelled organisms indicates they evolved before plants and dinosaurs.

mammals, plants, dinosaurs
trilobites, ammonites
plants, dinosaurs
ammonites, shelled organisms
mammals, plants

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How can supervolcanoes be distinguished from other volcanoes?

They are very large and erupt very frequently.

They only form at hot spots and erupt very frequently.

They only form in the ocean and have extremely large eruptions.

They are very large and have extremely large eruptions.

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The Hawaiian Islands and Yellowstone supervolcano were both formed over fixed locations in the mantle where the magma is much hotter than in surrounding areas. The Hawaiian Islands are in the middle of the Pacific Plate. The Yellowstone supervolcano is located on the North American Plate. Which statement below correctly identifies a similarity shared by these volcanoes?

They both formed at convergent plate boundaries.

They are both located over hot spots.

They both formed from oceanic crust.

They are both located near subduction zones.

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If an island chain forms due to a hot spot, which of the following statements is true?

The oldest island will be the smallest.

The oldest island will be the largest.

The oldest island will be located farthest from the hot spot.

The oldest island will be located nearest the hot spot.

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Drugi mogući odgovor:

tsunami

energy

seismic

fault

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Drugi mogući odgovor:

harder

older

the same

a different

younger

softer

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Which of the following statements supports the claim that the continents were not always where they are now?

Lycophytes are a now extinct tree-like plant whose fossil remains have been found in Oklahoma.

Exposed rock formations in West Texas have rock layering that is similar to formations in New Mexico.

The eastern coastline of South America appears to closely match the western coastline of Africa.

Fossils of dinosaurs have been found in Asia.

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Which statement best describes Alfred Wegener’s main idea in the theory of continental drift?

Earth’s continents have always been in the same locations, but sea level changes make them appear to move.

Continents drift because Earth’s rotation pulls them westward each year.

Continents only move during earthquakes, when they suddenly shift several kilometers at once.

Earth’s continents were once joined together and have slowly moved to their current positions over time.

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How did Harry Hess’s work using sonar help provide evidence supporting continental drift?

He mapped the seafloor and identified mid-ocean ridges, supporting seafloor spreading.

He used sonar to show trenches were filling with sediment, proving continents never moved.

He discovered fossils on the seafloor that matched fossils on different continents.

He used sonar to measure earthquake waves, proving continents slide during earthquakes.

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Match each plate-tectonics term to its correct definition.

Stavka koja se može prevući		Odgovarajuća stavka
Volcano		Deep seafloor valley at subduction zones
Rift		Uplifted land from plate collision/compression
Ridge		Opening where magma erupts to the surface
Mountain		Underwater mountain chain at spreading centers
Fault		Crack/valley where crust is pulled apart
Trench		Fracture where rocks move past each other

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Which pieces of evidence support Alfred Wegener’s theory of continental drift? Select all that apply.

Matching rock types and mountain belts found on different continents

The shapes of some coastlines fit together like puzzle pieces

Tides from the Moon pull continents across the ocean basins

A regular pattern of magnetic stripes on the ocean floor that mirror on both sides of mid-ocean ridges

Past climate evidence (like glacial deposits) found in places with very different climates today

The Sun’s gravity drags continents toward the equator over time

Fossils of the same species found on continents now separated by oceans

Earth’s rotation (Coriolis effect) pushes continents steadily westward

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Which scientific theory best explains the current movement of Earth’s lithospheric plates?

seafloor spreading

evolution

continental drift

plate tectonics