IAB - Research (Complete)

Last updated about 1 month ago

20 Nsɛmmisa

IAB - Research (Complete)

Last updated about 1 month ago

20 Nsɛmmisa

Grade 7 ELA - Research (IAB)

Answer Key Printout

Total Items: 18

28-February-2023

Item ID	Test Name	Item Position in Test	Answer Key	Claim	Target	CCSS	DOK	Item Difficulty
16393	Grade 7 ELA - Research (IAB)	1	Student earns one point by selecting: In addition to boosting the mind, exercise also helps to lower the risk of getting certain diseases.	4	2	7.RI.8	2	Difficult
16391	Grade 7 ELA - Research (IAB)	2	C	4	2	6-8.WHST.8	2	Moderate
16399	Grade 7 ELA - Research (IAB)	3	D	4	2	6-8.WHST.8	2	Moderate
22419	Grade 7 ELA - Research (IAB)	4	C,E	4	2	6-8.WHST.8	2	Difficult

Row for item 16471, Grade 7 ELA - Research (IAB), question 5:

The student receives one point by selecting:

Without wheat, the world’s population would be lower because there wouldn’t have been enough food to keep everyone alive.

AND

That demand is decreasing since changes in eating habits mean less wheat is grown and more corn and rice is being grown.

Additional rows in the table list items 16469 through 21240 for Grade 7 ELA - Research (IAB), questions 6 through 12, with their respective correct answers, standards codes, points, and difficulty levels.

29311 Grade 7 ELA - Research (IAB) 13 A 4 4 6-8.RH.1 2 Moderate

29857 Grade 7 ELA - Research (IAB) 14

Vikings were not looking for America when they discovered it.: Both sources

Greenland was discovered only when latitude sailing proved ineffective due to storms.: Source 2

Without the North Star, latitude sailing would not be possible at night.: Source 1

4 4 7.W.1b 2 Difficult

22452 Grade 7 ELA - Research (IAB) 15

Student earns one point by selecting:

Further study of Vesta may help scientists understand not only how to preserve water on Earth, but will give them more insight about our universe.

4 4 6-8.RST.1 2 Difficult

16543 Grade 7 ELA - Research (IAB) 16

Claim 1 Drinking too many sugary drinks may increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.: Both sources

Claim 2 Type 2 diabetes can cause damage to people's hearts.: Source 1

Claim 3 If people do not drink sugary drinks, they will not develop type 2 diabetes.: Neither source

4 4 7.W.1b 2 Difficult

22450 Grade 7 ELA - Research (IAB) 17

Student earns one point by selecting:

Instead, we relied upon our compasses to locate the rocky cliffs of the New World.

AND

Sadly, my compass indicates clearly that we are heading nearly due north.

4 4 6-8.RH.1 2 Moderate

29315

Grade 7 ELA - Research (IAB)

C,E

6-8.RST.1

Difficult

Interim Items Printout

Total Items: 18

28-February-2023

#1 - 16393

A student is writing a research report about the benefits of physical fitness for teenagers. Read the source the student found and click on one claim that the author makes that is supported by credible, or trustworthy, evidence.

Source 1: The Benefits of Physical Fitness for Teens by Tula Nyarko

Staying physically fit is important for teens and is something that everyone in the community can help promote. Exercise is good for the bones—kids need it. Nina Shelly, a long-distance runner, states that exercise has helped her to increase bone mass and keep her muscles that support the bones strong. Exercise helps to relieve anxiety and makes it easy to relax. Many fitness centers tell their members that exercise produces chemicals in the brain that increase calmness and happiness. In addition to boosting the mind, exercise also helps to lower the risk of getting certain diseases. Dr. Jeffrey Lewis often tells his patients who are at risk of developing type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure to exercise regularly. He says that proper exercise can lower the risks of developing such diseases. To make a difference, schools should assist with the responsibility of helping young people achieve their fitness goals. Riverbend Valley High reports that their students participate in 60 minutes of exercise each school day. Schools should also work with community groups to provide out of school opportunities for exercise. The manager for a local community group reports that his company is already working with area schools and providing exercise programs for kids with excellent results.

English glossary :
fitness : health that comes from exercise

A student is writing a research report about the benefits of physical fitness for teenagers. Based on Source 1: The Benefits of Physical Fitness for Teens, which claim made by the author is supported by credible, or trustworthy, evidence?

In addition to boosting the mind, exercise also helps to lower the risk of getting certain diseases.

Everyone in the community already helps promote physical fitness for teens.

All teens participate in 60 minutes of exercise each school day.

Exercise always produces chemicals in the brain that make every person calm and happy.

A student is writing a report about the effect of temperature on ripening bananas. Read both sources and the directions that follow.

Source 1: “When a Banana Ripens” by Colin Mathis

Bananas are a tropical fruit. They ripen the quickest in moist, warm temperatures. After bananas are harvested, they continue to ripen. At that point, they contain about 20 percent starch and one percent sugar, according to Claiborne Ray, a science expert for the New York Times. By the time the banana is actually ripe, the percentages reverse. In addition, bananas release a gas called ethylene, which helps the ripening process. At lower temperatures, ethylene works slower than it does at higher temperatures. Researchers believe that extremely high temperatures can destroy the proteins in a banana, while extremely low temperatures can break down the fruit’s cell wall causing the banana to soften and turn brown.

Source 2: “Results of Experiment on the Effect of Temperature on a Ripening Banana” by Elizabeth Harley for a biology report

Three bananas from the same bunch were placed in three separate containers. Each of the containers had a humidity of 90%. The temperature in Container A was measured at 10 degrees Celsius, the temperature in Container B was 20 degrees Celsius, and the temperature in Container C was 30 degrees Celsius. After 4 days, the three bananas were observed. The banana in Container C was the ripest, the banana in Container A was the least ripe, and the banana in Container B was in the middle.

humidity : amount of moisture in the air

constant : the same

temperature : how hot or cold something is

temperatures : how hot or cold something is

The student took notes about information in the banana sources. Which note correctly paraphrases, or restates, information from both sources?

Bananas need the right amount of humidity in order to ripen quickly.

Bananas continue to ripen even after they have been harvested because of ethylene gas.

Bananas will ripen faster at a warmer temperature than at a cooler one as long as the humidity is held constant.

Bananas taste better and are softer when they are kept in a container, or inside a plastic bag, at room temperature.

A student is writing a research report about the Westminster Dog Show. Read both sources and the directions that follow.

Source 1: “A Popular Dog Show” by Serena Pilaros

The Westminster Kennel Club holds a large dog show in New York City every year. The show was established to display the different breeds of dogs and is considered to be a type of sport. Like many other sports, the dogs enter the show to win awards. The dogs can win awards for being the best in breed, best in group, and finally the top honor of the event, best in show. The Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show is the second oldest sporting event in the United States, attracting millions of viewers every year.

Source 2: “Prize Dogs” by Ashanti Hill

Judges follow detailed rules when they judge a show dog. Beyond admiring a dog’s beauty, judges compare the dog with particular guidelines for a typical dog of its breed. The dog will be inspected as to the quality of its bones and muscles. Judges will observe how it walks and will take note of its personality. The information used to judge a show dog is provided by The American Kennel Club (AKC). They in turn, gather information from specialty groups of the various dog breeds. As a result, the dog that wins is recognized by the judges as being the best representative for its breed according to the guidelines of the AKC.

The student took notes about information in the sources. Which note correctly paraphrases, or restates, information from both sources?

A. Many different breeds of dogs are welcomed at the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show.

B. The Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show is a very important event for people who raise dogs.

C. The Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show is the second oldest event in the United States, attracting many viewers each year.

D. Dogs that closely match the descriptions for their breed are likely to win an award at the Westminster Kennel Club held each year in New York City.

English glossary :

typical : usual

inspected : carefully examined

representative : example of a group

breed : a particular kind of dog

personality : how it acts and behaves

breeds : particular kinds of dogs

The student took notes about information in the Westminster Dog Show sources. Which note correctly paraphrases, or restates, information from both sources?

Many different breeds of dogs are welcomed at the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show.

The Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show is a very important event for people who raise dogs.

The Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show is the second oldest event in the United States, attracting many viewers each year.

Dogs that closely match the descriptions for their breed are likely to win an award at the Westminster Kennel Club held each year in New York City.

A student is writing a research report for history class about the Hoover Dam. Read both sources and the directions that follow.

Source 1: “The History of the Hoover Dam”

In 1928, the federal government passed the Boulder Canyon Project Act to build a dam in Boulder Canyon, Nevada. Over the years, nearly 16,000 men and women worked on the dam, which was completed in 1935. When it was finished, it measured 700 feet high and 1,244 feet wide; it could store up water flow from the Colorado River, which benefited the western states of Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming. In 1947, Congress named the dam after Herbert Hoover, a former United States president who spent many years arranging for the dam to be built. Hoover felt that the dam was one of the greatest human-made structures ever built.

Source 2: Transcript of Boulder Canyon Project Act from 1928 for the building of the Hoover Dam

The benefits of the Hoover Dam are varied and numerous. The Dam will be constructed for the purpose of controlling the floods, improving navigation, and regulating the flow of the Colorado River. The structure will provide for the storage and delivery of the waters, thereby recovering public lands. Another favorable use, which will benefit the United States, will be the generation of hydro-electrical energy.

The student took notes about information in the sources. Select two notes that correctly paraphrase, or restate, information from both sources.

A. President Herbert Hoover and Congress approved the construction of the Hoover Dam so it could supply water and energy to the thousands of people who built it.

B. Congress passed an act to approve construction of the Hoover Dam, which then took thousands of people to build it over several years during the Great Depression.

C. The Hoover Dam, which took a great deal of effort to build, was created to supply water and electricity to several Western states and to keep the Colorado River from flooding.

D. President Hoover thought the Hoover Dam, which was built to use water and energy from the Colorado River, was one of the most amazing human-made structures ever built.

E. Congress had the Hoover Dam built to harness the Colorado River's flow so it would keep from flooding and so people from seven Western states could use it for energy and water.

F. The building of the Hoover Dam gave employment to thousands of people who needed work during the Great Depression, and it also supplied several states with water and electricity.

English glossary :

navigation : travel from one place to another

recovering : returning to their normal state

harness : use for a specific purpose

generation : the act of making something

hydro-electrical energy : electricity produced by machines that are powered by water

A student is writing a research report for history class about the importance of wheat for the world population. Read the trustworthy sources the student found and the directions that follow.

Source 1: “The History of Wheat” by Jed Streeter
Humans have been gathering wheat for over 10,000 years. In fact, the Encyclopedia Britannica reports evidence of ancient wheat milling in Asia as many as 75,000 years ago. Once humans realized they could use the seeds of the plants they ate to grow new plants, the world was never the same. Wheat-based foods became a large portion of the human diet. Throughout history, inventions such as the seed drill and tractor helped farmers meet the growing demand for wheat.

Source 2: “Wheat & Human Society” by Susan Wells
Wheat is one of the most widely grown crops in the world. Each year wheat fields around the world produce about 661 million tons of wheat. If humans had not learned how to grow wheat, the world’s population would not be approaching its current count of 10 billion because there would not have been enough food to ensure many people’s survival. Yet today, more tons of corn and rice are grown than tons of wheat. This is due to changes in eating habits.

The student wants to include the information from the sources in her report but does not want to plagiarize, or copy the authors’ ideas, from the sources. Read the paragraph from the report. Click on two sentences in the paragraph that are plagiarized.

Wheat is a popular part of many people’s diets. The Encyclopedia Britannica reports that there is “evidence of ancient wheat milling in Asia” from “75,000 years ago.” Today wheat products like bread and pasta provide a variety of foods for people. Without wheat, the world’s population would be lower because there wouldn’t have been enough food to keep everyone alive. According to Jed Streeter, “inventions such as the seed drill and tractor helped farmers meet the growing demand for wheat.” That demand is decreasing since changes in eating habits mean less wheat is grown and more corn and rice is being grown.

English glossary :
population : number of people or animals in a place
evidence : something that shows that something else is true
milling : grinding or crushing
tractor : large farm machine

Read the paragraph from the wheat report. Which two sentences are plagiarized, meaning they copy the authors’ exact ideas or words without proper paraphrasing?

The Encyclopedia Britannica reports that there is “evidence of ancient wheat milling in Asia” from “75,000 years ago.”

Without wheat, the world’s population would be lower because there wouldn’t have been enough food to keep everyone alive.

According to Jed Streeter, “inventions such as the seed drill and tractor helped farmers meet the growing demand for wheat.”

That demand is decreasing since changes in eating habits mean less wheat is grown and more corn and rice is being grown.

A student is writing a research report for language arts class about the advantages of smaller class size. Read the credible source the student found and the directions that follow.

Source 1: “Learn Small, Learn Big” by Helen Johnson

A study of students in Tennessee looked at the benefits of smaller class size and the use of a teacher’s aide in the classroom. With more time to spend with each student and less distraction, teachers can have focused instruction. The presence of a teacher’s aide showed some improvement in students’ test scores, while the smaller class size improved students’ scores to a larger degree. The study followed the students for a period of years and found that students that went on to regular sized classes still showed marked improvement in test scores because of being in smaller class settings early on. Overall, the results of the study showed that smaller class sizes greatly improve student performance.

The student found another source. Click on one sentence in Source 2 that supports the information presented in Source 1.

Source 2: “From Home-school to High School” by Francis Walker

Parents feel their children learn more in smaller settings. A group of parents decided to start a home-school group because their children were failing math. In group A, two parents taught 20 children, while group B had one parent teaching 10 children. During the year, the children in group B were developing stronger friendships than the children in group A. At the end of the year, the students took the High School Standard Test. The students in group A scored average, while the students in group B scored above average on the test. The parents concluded that smaller classrooms improve a student’s learning and social skills.

English glossary :

advantages : benefits or gains

distraction : something that makes it hard to think or pay attention

focused : giving attention to one task or goal

improve : make better

From Source 2, which sentence best supports the information in Source 1 that smaller class sizes improve student performance?

Parents feel their children learn more in smaller settings.

During the year, the children in group B were developing stronger friendships than the children in group A.

At the end of the year, the students took the High School Standard Test. The students in group A scored average, while the students in group B scored above average on the test.

The parents concluded that smaller classrooms improve a student’s learning and social skills.

A student is writing a research report about the Emerald Ash Borer, a beetle that is harmful to ash trees. The student found a print source that is credible and has accurate information. Read the source and the directions that follow.

Source 1: The Burden of Emerald Ash Borer by Stephanie Diaz

The Emerald Ash Borer is an unusual beetle that was discovered in southeastern Michigan, near Detroit, in 2002. The adult beetles are shiny, green and about the size of a grain of cooked rice. The full-grown bugs nibble on the leaves of ash trees, but don’t cause much damage. The problem begins when the larvae feed on the inner bark of ash trees, interfering with the tree's ability to transport water and food. If adult beetles are not seen on the leaves, it’s hard to tell if a tree is housing Emerald Ash Borer larvae. The most common sign of damage is that the tips of the branches start to die and the tree’s leaf canopy becomes scarce. Emerald Ash Borer probably arrived in the United States on wood material carried in cargo ships or airplanes that flew to the United States from Asia. Since its discovery, Emerald Ash Borer has killed tens of millions of ash trees in southeastern Michigan alone, with tens of millions more lost throughout the United States. Many states have had to introduce quarantines and fines to prevent possibly inhabited ash trees and logs from moving out of areas where Emerald Ash Borer infestation occurs.

The student needs to find additional sources that contain accurate information about his topic. Which source contains information that accurately supports information in the original source?

A. www.dec.ny.gov/animals~and~trees/7253.html

The Emerald Ash Borer is a non-native insect that attacks all native varieties of ash trees.

B. www.forestry.about.com/thecompletetree-vs-insects

Here is a guide designed to help you identify a tree and the types of common harmful insect species.

C. www.4seasonsarborservice.com/tree-care/save-your-tree

The coupon is good for one hundred dollars off treatment to rid emerald ash borer by Four Seasons Arbor Service.

D. www.forestry.about.com/od/insects/tp/An-Index-of-Common-Tree-Insect.htm

Photos of over 20 insects that contribute to health decline and death of many of the trees in the United States.

English glossary :

nibble : eat in small bites

larvae : the wormlike form of insects when they are young

interfering : stopping or slowing

quarantines : periods of time something or someone is separated from others to stop some kind of harm

infestation : large numbers of unwanted or harmful things

The student needs to find additional sources with accurate information about the Emerald Ash Borer. Which source contains information that accurately supports information in the original source?

www.dec.ny.gov/animals~and~trees/7253.html – The Emerald Ash Borer is a non-native insect that attacks all native varieties of ash trees.

www.forestry.about.com/thecompletetree-vs-insects – Here is a guide designed to help you identify a tree and the types of common harmful insect species.

www.4seasonsarborservice.com/tree-care/save-your-tree – The coupon is good for one hundred dollars off treatment to rid emerald ash borer by Four Seasons Arbor Service.

www.forestry.about.com/od/insects/tp/An-Index-of-Common-Tree-Insect.htm – Photos of over 20 insects that contribute to health decline and death of many of the trees in the United States.

A student has made a plan for research. Read the plan and the directions that follow.

Topic: Earthquakes
Audience: Science Class
Purpose: to inform
Research Question: What forces cause earthquakes?

The student needs to find credible, or trustworthy, sources. Select all of the sources that would have credible information for the student’s research question.

A. www.whichfault.com

Stay updated with the exact location of the most current earthquakes. Updated hourly based on seismograph data.

B. www.earthmuvez.com

Read about the forces that move the Earth, review up-to-date information and illustrations.

C. www.shakinfaults.com

Testimonials from the shake zone, in the form of personal accounts from survivors who can explain exactly what it feels like to feel the Earth shake.

D. www.geomovmountains.com

Maps and the most recent information on earthquakes in your local area.

E. www.camquakesnapshot.com

From fault lines to epicenters, learn more about the ground beneath you.

F. www.natlquakedisasterprev.com

Compare data on earthquakes throughout the world and learn the latest safety for home, work, or school.

English glossary :

seismograph data :
calculations from a device that measures and records the movement of the Earth

testimonials : statements about something

fault lines : breaks in the Earth's crust

epicenters : places where earthquakes start

personal accounts : people's descriptions of events

The student needs credible sources to answer: “What forces cause earthquakes?” Select all sources that would most likely have trustworthy information for this question.

www.whichfault.com – Stay updated with the exact location of the most current earthquakes. Updated hourly based on seismograph data.

www.earthmuvez.com – Read about the forces that move the Earth, review up-to-date information and illustrations.

www.shakinfaults.com – Testimonials from the shake zone, in the form of personal accounts from survivors who can explain exactly what it feels like to feel the Earth shake.

www.geomovmountains.com – Maps and the most recent information on earthquakes in your local area.

www.camquakesnapshot.com – From fault lines to epicenters, learn more about the ground beneath you.

www.natlquakedisasterprev.com – Compare data on earthquakes throughout the world and learn the latest safety for home, work, or school.

A student is writing a research report about the Hubble Telescope. He found a print source that is trustworthy and has accurate information. Read the source and the directions that follow.

Source 1: The Hubble Telescope

The Hubble Space Telescope was launched in 1990. The purpose was to send pictures from space to researchers at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). It is the only telescope in space that has been specifically designed to be continually maintained by astronauts, making the lifespan of the telescope longer. After being repaired numerous times, the Hubble Telescope is expected to continue functioning well into 2020 and will continue to send pictures of the universe back to Earth. In its years of service, Hubble has transmitted beautiful pictures from deep space that have allowed researchers to understand the composition of the universe, how it works, and Earth's significance in relation to the expanses of space.

The student needs to find additional sources that contain accurate information about his topic. Which source contains information that accurately supports information in Source 1?

A. www.ihearthubble.com

This site is dedicated to my favorite pictures from the Hubble Telescope. Let's explore the beauty of the universe together.

B. www.seethehubble.com

Explore the mechanics that make telescopes work. View pictures and diagrams of the Hubble Telescope.

C. www.hubblehistorynow.com

This site documents the history and advancements of the telescope in space exploration. Explore the genius of Hubble.

D. www.hubblesearchuniverse.com

Support the advancement of space science and technology. Explore the possibilities of space and donate to the Hubble Search Foundation.

The student needs additional sources with accurate information about the Hubble Telescope. Which source best contains information that accurately supports information in Source 1?

www.ihearthubble.com – This site is dedicated to my favorite pictures from the Hubble Telescope. Let's explore the beauty of the universe together.

www.seethehubble.com – Explore the mechanics that make telescopes work. View pictures and diagrams of the Hubble Telescope.

www.hubblehistorynow.com – This site documents the history and advancements of the telescope in space exploration. Explore the genius of Hubble.

www.hubblesearchuniverse.com – Support the advancement of space science and technology. Explore the possibilities of space and donate to the Hubble Search Foundation.

A student is writing a research report about animal life on the Galapagos Islands. Read the paragraphs from his report and the directions that follow.

“Animals of the Galapagos Islands”

Founded in 1535, the Galapagos Islands are located on the equator near Ecuador, a country in South America. The islands are approximately 600 miles from the border of Ecuador and are made up of 837 miles of coastline.

The Galapagos Islands are home to a variety of animal and plant life. The animals of the Galapagos Islands are wondrous from birds to reptiles to mammals. One of the most interesting animals of the islands is actually a reptile, the Galapagos Marine Iguana; this is the only marine lizard known to mankind. The Galapagos Marine Iguana ranges in size from 4 to 5 feet in length and weighs 1–3 pounds. These lizards feed on underwater algae and seaweed that they eat while diving and swimming in the ocean waters.

Select two sources that would most likely give the student more information for the paragraph from his report.

A. www.galapagosalive.com

This site offers factual information of the wildlife that calls the Galapagos Islands home.

B. www.sleepgalapagos.com

This site contains visitor information and recommendations for sightseeing on the Galapagos Islands.

C. www.galapagosislandslive.com

This site allows viewers to watch and listen to the sights and sounds of the Galapagos Islands.

D. Galapagos Islands by Robert Dutch

Read this book to learn about the history of the Galapagos Islands.

E. Let’s Visit the Galapagos Islands by Wanda Kimball

Read this book in preparation for your vacation to the Galapagos Islands.

F. Who Lives There: The Galapagos Islands by Callie Capshaw

Read this book to learn about life represented on the Galapagos Islands.

English glossary :

wondrous : amazing, extraordinary

sightseeing : visiting and viewing an interesting place

The student wants more information for his paragraph about animals on the Galapagos Islands. Select two sources that would most likely give him more information for this paragraph.

www.galapagosalive.com – This site offers factual information of the wildlife that calls the Galapagos Islands home.

www.sleepgalapagos.com – This site contains visitor information and recommendations for sightseeing on the Galapagos Islands.

www.galapagosislandslive.com – This site allows viewers to watch and listen to the sights and sounds of the Galapagos Islands.

Galapagos Islands by Robert Dutch – Read this book to learn about the history of the Galapagos Islands.

Let’s Visit the Galapagos Islands by Wanda Kimball – Read this book in preparation for your vacation to the Galapagos Islands.

Who Lives There: The Galapagos Islands by Callie Capshaw – Read this book to learn about life represented on the Galapagos Islands.

A student is planning a research report about life in the Middle Ages. Read the student's plan and the directions that follow.

Research Report Plan

Topic: Serfs in the Middle Ages
Audience: Social Studies Class
Purpose: to inform
Research Question: How did serfs contribute to daily life on a manor?

Select two credible, or trustworthy, sources that will most likely provide the information needed to answer the student's research question.

A. www.timeofmiddleages.com

This site is devoted to the study of the middle ages and how life differed for those living on the manor, depending on social rank.

B. www.middletimesofage.com

This site explores the legends and fables that entertained citizens on the manor during the long winters.

C. www.middleageoftimes.com

This site is devoted to my study and fascination with all things pertaining the middle ages, including life on the manor.

D. www.middleagesoftime.com

This site is devoted to the study of the hierarchy of people present on a manor during the middle ages.

E. www.surfthemiddleages.com

This site explores the knights and kings of the middle ages and how life on the manor was different than in the village.

F. www.timesofmiddleagestimes.com

This site is devoted to looking at the tools and trades that allowed the manor to run smoothly during the middle ages.

serfs :
people in the Middle Ages who belonged to the lowest social class

manor : large country house

social rank : position in society

trades : jobs

hierarchy :
a system in which people are placed in a series of levels with different statuses

The student’s research question is: “How did serfs contribute to daily life on a manor?” Select two credible sources that will most likely provide information needed to answer this question.

www.timeofmiddleages.com – This site is devoted to the study of the middle ages and how life differed for those living on the manor, depending on social rank.

www.middletimesofage.com – This site explores the legends and fables that entertained citizens on the manor during the long winters.

www.middleageoftimes.com – This site is devoted to my study and fascination with all things pertaining the middle ages, including life on the manor.

www.middleagesoftime.com – This site is devoted to the study of the hierarchy of people present on a manor during the middle ages.

www.surfthemiddleages.com – This site explores the knights and kings of the middle ages and how life on the manor was different than in the village.

www.timesofmiddleagestimes.com – This site is devoted to looking at the tools and trades that allowed the manor to run smoothly during the middle ages.

A student is writing a research report about Mahatma Gandhi, a leader well known for his peaceful method of protest. Read the paragraph from the student's report and the directions that follow.

Mahatma Gandhi was an influential and inspiring person. He fought for social justice through his use of satyaghra, which is a way of protesting social injustices without using physical force, in order to bring about truth and equal rights for all people. Many famous leaders have followed Gandhi’s example of satyaghra, including Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., in the United States and Nelson Mandela in South Africa. These men have brought about social change that has affected the world, but they did not approve of using physical force as a tool to bring about that change.

Select two sources that would most likely give the student more information for the paragraph from his report.

A. www.gandhitimes.com

This site details the life and times of Mahatma Gandhi during his time in South Africa.

B. www.socialgandhi.com

This site explains how Mahatma Gandhi influenced leaders around the world who fought peacefully for social change.

C. www.gandhiworldaround.com

This site examines how Gandhi's teachings effected the peaceful demonstrations staged to protest the United States' involvement in the Vietnam War.

D. www.gandhifightsfor.com

This site is dedicated to preserving the memory of Mahatma Gandhi by remembering his life's accomplishments in seeking an end to social injustices.

E. www.gandhisong.com

This site includes an in-depth look at the concept of peaceful protest and gives examples of how Gandhi's philosophy has produced change in societies across the globe.

F. www.gandhigiveshelp.com

This site is devoted to assisting others, in the spirit of Mahatma Gandhi, by spreading the word of equality for all and encouraging people to be leaders of social change.

English glossary :

protest : speaking out about something that seems wrong

social change : changing the ways people in a society are treated

effected : brought about

social injustices :
ways that some people in a society are treated unfairly

The student is writing about Gandhi’s peaceful protests and his influence on other leaders. Select two sources that would most likely give him more information for this paragraph.

www.gandhitimes.com – This site details the life and times of Mahatma Gandhi during his time in South Africa.

www.socialgandhi.com – This site explains how Mahatma Gandhi influenced leaders around the world who fought peacefully for social change.

www.gandhiworldaround.com – This site examines how Gandhi's teachings effected the peaceful demonstrations staged to protest the United States' involvement in the Vietnam War.

www.gandhifightsfor.com – This site is dedicated to preserving the memory of Mahatma Gandhi by remembering his life's accomplishments in seeking an end to social injustices.

www.gandhisong.com – This site includes an in-depth look at the concept of peaceful protest and gives examples of how Gandhi's philosophy has produced change in societies across the globe.

www.gandhigiveshelp.com – This site is devoted to assisting others, in the spirit of Mahatma Gandhi, by spreading the word of equality for all and encouraging people to be leaders of social change.

A student is writing a research report about immigrants coming to North America in the 1700s. Read the trustworthy source the student found and the directions that follow.

Source 1: “Colonial Pennsylvania” by Jacob D. Stuebens

In the 1700s, British colonies in North America attracted many immigrants who sought a new and better life. The opportunities for success available in the colony of Pennsylvania made it one of the most popular places to settle. The colony had a lot of excellent farmland, which offered newcomers a chance to succeed. Pennsylvania’s founder, William Penn, helped make the colony a peaceful place by signing a treaty with the Native Americans who lived there. In addition, the colony’s landowners were willing, even eager, to sell to settlers. Anyone who could pay the price of land was invited to buy it. All were welcome to colonial Pennsylvania including people from different countries and of different religions, which made Pennsylvania unlike many of the other colonies.

The student found information in different sources. Which piece of information supports the author's point of view in Source 1?

A. The colony of Pennsylvania was favored for its fertile farmland, peaceful atmosphere, and diverse population.

B. In 1681, King Charles II of England granted William Penn the land that became the Pennsylvania colony.

C. Most of the people living in Pennsylvania could get to the port of Philadelphia, where residents could sell what they produced.

D. Landowners in Pennsylvania's neighboring colony of New York did not want to sell their land to immigrants, but preferred to rent it to them instead.

Which piece of information supports the author’s point of view in Source 1 about why colonial Pennsylvania attracted many immigrants?

The colony of Pennsylvania was favored for its fertile farmland, peaceful atmosphere, and diverse population.

In 1681, King Charles II of England granted William Penn the land that became the Pennsylvania colony.

Most of the people living in Pennsylvania could get to the port of Philadelphia, where residents could sell what they produced.

Landowners in Pennsylvania's neighboring colony of New York did not want to sell their land to immigrants, but preferred to rent it to them instead.

A student is writing an argumentative research report about the discovery of America by Vikings. Read the possible sources the student found and the directions that follow.

Source 1: “Latitude Sailing” by Kingsley Mau, historian

Vikings practiced latitude sailing. When explorers discovered a land such as Iceland, they measured its latitude by the angle of the North Star, which is located almost directly over the north pole. Setting out from home later, they sailed north or south along the coast to the latitude of their destination, then sailed west, keeping the North Star on their right. Latitude sailors needed to see the sun or stars and to hold a steady course. If sailors went off course and could not see the sun or stars, they would not know their latitude. According to some records, this is how a Viking accidentally discovered America centuries before Columbus.

Source 2: “Discovery by Accident” by Rachel Oshika, history professor

The first Europeans discovered the American continent long before Columbus reached its shores. According to early records, a Viking was using latitude sailing to reach Iceland. When a storm pushed him off his intended route, he discovered Greenland. Later, a Viking sailing to Greenland was blown further south and sailed below Greenland to the American continent. Vikings who heard about it sailed there and established some settlements. They called the continent Vineland because of its many vines.

The student wrote some claims to use in his report. Review the claims in the table. Decide if the information in Source 1, Source 2, both sources, or neither source supports each claim. Click the boxes to show the claims that each source supports. Some sources will have more than one box selected.

	Source 1	Source 2	Both sources	Neither source
Vikings were not looking for America when they discovered it.
Greenland was discovered only when latitude sailing proved ineffective due to storms.

	Source 1	Source 2	Both sources	Neither source
Without the North Star, latitude sailing would not be possible at night.

English glossary:

destination: a place to which a person or thing is being sent

ineffective: not producing a result that is wanted

For each claim about the Vikings, decide whether it is supported by Source 1, Source 2, both sources, or neither source.

Without the North Star, latitude sailing would not be possible at night.
Greenland was discovered only when latitude sailing proved ineffective due to storms.
Vikings were not looking for America when they discovered it.

Source 1
Source 2
Both sources
Neither source

A student is writing a research report about space exploration. Read the trustworthy source the student found and the directions that follow.

Source 1: “Curiosity Is a Good Thing” by Gregory M. Leifer, science professor

When people complain to me about the costs of our missions to outer space, I point to one of my favorite missions, sending Curiosity to Mars. When that little remote-controlled vehicle arrived at Mars, it started moving around the planet and quickly found an ancient stream bed. It drilled into rocks and found many of the same elements that support life here on Earth. If Mars once housed life, that changes our own history. If it did not house life, why not? What is so special about our planet, and how can we protect and save what we have? Curiosity was very well named. It answered some questions about Mars and replaced them with new ones. It opened the door to new and exciting discoveries. Such a mission may cost a great deal of money, but the knowledge we gain about our universe is priceless.

The student found another source. Read Source 2 and click on one fact that supports the author’s argument about space missions in Source 1.

Source 2: “Water on Vesta?” by Georgiana Beene, Simmons Space Flight Center

Water is key to growth and change on certain types of planets. Some planets that once had water now do not, and no one is quite sure why. The Dawn team reported in 2012 that their mission had found oxygen and hydrogen, the elements that make up water, on Vesta. Vesta is a large orbiting body between Mars and Jupiter. The Dawn team’s findings suggest that Vesta may once have had water. Since Vesta is largely formed of rock and has no atmosphere, this discovery was unexpected. Further study of Vesta may help scientists understand not only how to preserve water on Earth, but will give them more insight about our universe. The Dawn spacecraft has now moved on. It will soon explore a different area of space—a neighbor of Vesta’s named Ceres.

English glossary:

exploration:
careful study of something, often by traveling over or through it

orbiting: traveling around an object, often in space, in a curved path

Select the fact from Source 2 that best supports the author’s argument in Source 1 that space missions, though costly, give us priceless knowledge about our universe.

The Dawn team reported in 2012 that their mission had found oxygen and hydrogen, the elements that make up water, on Vesta.

The Dawn team’s findings suggest that Vesta may once have had water.

Since Vesta is largely formed of rock and has no atmosphere, this discovery was unexpected.

Further study of Vesta may help scientists understand not only how to preserve water on Earth, but will give them more insight about our universe.

A student is writing an argumentative report about the link between sugary soft drinks and type 2 diabetes. She found possible sources for her report. Read the sources and the directions that follow.

Source 1: “Why Limit Sugary Drinks?” by Stephan Gadowsky, health reporter

Schools and even entire cities have made efforts to limit the availability of sugary soft drinks. They have done so because soft drinks can be harmful to people's health. For example, scientists have linked sugary drinks to type 2 diabetes, a disease that affects people's ability to control sugar in their bodies and can result in damage to the eyes, nerves, and heart. Research also shows that men who drink one can of sugary soda each day have a higher risk of heart attacks, even if they do not have diabetes. These health effects explain recent attempts to reduce the amount of sugary sodas people drink.

Source 2: “Studies Show Harmful Effects of Sugary Drinks” by Ellen Santos, Department of Public Health

A review of current research shows a connection between sugary soft drinks and type 2 diabetes or other health effects. For example, a study by Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH) showed that men who averaged one sugary drink per day had a 20% higher risk of heart attacks than men who rarely drank them. Another HSPH study found that people who consumed between one and two cans of sugary drinks daily have a 26% greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Other research shows that rates of type 2 diabetes have risen at the same rate as amounts of sugar in America's food supply. These are just a few of the studies that show harmful effects of drinking sugary soft drinks.

The student wrote some claims to use in her report. Review the claims in the table. Decide if the information in Source 1, Source 2, both sources, or neither source supports each claim. Click on the box that appropriately describes each claim. There will be only one box selected for each claim, and some boxes may not fit a claim.

Table with columns: Source 1, Source 2, Both sources, Neither source. First row: Claim 1 Drinking too many sugary drinks may increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

	Source 1	Source 2	Both sources	Neither source
Claim 2 Type 2 diabetes can cause damage to people's hearts.
Claim 3 If people do not drink sugary drinks, they will not develop type 2 diabetes.

English glossary :

entire : whole, complete, full

linked : connected

consumed : ate or drank

A student is writing a research report about the Age of Exploration. Read the trustworthy source the student found and the directions that follow.

Source 1: “Remarkable Inventions: The Compass” by Edna Shea-McCoy

Like many of the most important early inventions, the compass came out of China. It is no overstatement to say that this invention changed the world. The Chinese recognized that ores with magnetic properties would point north. It took many years for navigators to learn how to use compasses to find their way from any point to any other point. Once they accomplished this, around the fifteenth century, exploration increased. Thanks to the compass, explorers could now cross the vastest oceans or hike the darkest jungles. The invention of the compass made it possible not only to travel the world but also to connect the people of the world with each other through exploration.

The student found another source. Read Source 2 and click on two facts that support the author’s argument in Source 1.

Source 2: From the Diary of a Sailor, 1609

3 September—We have been blown off course more than once on this journey. Even our compasses could not save us from going miles out of our way. Now our plan has changed, and we search for a passage that will guide us across India or China. The crossing was stormy, and neither the stars nor the sun appeared to direct us. Instead, we relied upon our compasses to locate the rocky cliffs of the New World. My compass is an old one, used by my father on his rare fishing trips. We sailed south for a time, following the shoreline. Then, without need of a compass, the captain turned us northward again, where we explored a large, fish-filled bay. Today we are gradually turning up the river that empties into that bay. The captain wonders whether this might be a passage west. Sadly, my compass indicates clearly that we are heading nearly due north. When I informed the captain, he thanked me and turned the ship around.

English glossary :

ores : rocks that contain valuable metals

magnetic : having the power to attract metal

navigators : people who direct ships or planes

vastest: the largest in size

gradually: moving slowly

Select two facts from Source 2 that best support the author’s argument in Source 1 that the compass made exploration possible and helped connect people around the world.

We have been blown off course more than once on this journey. Even our compasses could not save us from going miles out of our way.

The crossing was stormy, and neither the stars nor the sun appeared to direct us. Instead, we relied upon our compasses to locate the rocky cliffs of the New World.

We sailed south for a time, following the shoreline. Then, without need of a compass, the captain turned us northward again, where we explored a large, fish-filled bay.

Today we are gradually turning up the river that empties into that bay. The captain wonders whether this might be a passage west.

Sadly, my compass indicates clearly that we are heading nearly due north. When I informed the captain, he thanked me and turned the ship around.

A student is writing a research report about earthquakes. Read the trustworthy source the student found and the directions that follow.

Source 1: “Can People Cause Earthquakes?” by Colin R. Wickes, science reporter

It seems unlikely that humans can shake the earth with enough force to be dangerous. However, a recent study from Columbia University shows that we have more power than we thought. Researchers there show very clearly how humans can cause a fault, or fracture, in the earth's crust to fail which can lead to an earthquake. This can happen by increasing the load, or amount of weight, near the fault, such as by building an artificial lake. They may also do it by decreasing the load near the fault by digging out gravel, oil, or other resources. This study is clear; humans can cause earthquakes.

The student found information in additional sources. Select two pieces of information that support the author’s review of the earthquake study in Source 1.

A. We can ease the effects of earthquakes by building safer structures away from faults or land that is likely to shift or slide.

B. The rolling and shifting movement during even a small earthquake can cause all kinds of damage to manmade structures.

C. A 1989 Australian earthquake, which caused $3.5 billion in damage, has been linked to 200 years of underground mining for coal.

D. The scientists at the meeting were not in agreement about whether new forms of gas drilling cause enough pressure to result in an earthquake.

E. The tragic 1967 earthquake in Koyna, India, is now considered by many to be related to the construction of the Koyna dam and reservoir themselves.

F. In a popular movie, an experiment gone wrong causes a tremendous earthquake and parts of California to separate from the continental United States.

English glossary:

ease: make something less troubling or severe

structures: things that stand on their own such as a bridge, tower, or building

reservoir: artificial lake created by building a dam

Select two pieces of information that best support the author’s review in Source 1 that humans can cause earthquakes by changing the load near faults.

We can ease the effects of earthquakes by building safer structures away from faults or land that is likely to shift or slide.

The rolling and shifting movement during even a small earthquake can cause all kinds of damage to manmade structures.

A 1989 Australian earthquake, which caused $3.5 billion in damage, has been linked to 200 years of underground mining for coal.

The scientists at the meeting were not in agreement about whether new forms of gas drilling cause enough pressure to result in an earthquake.

The tragic 1967 earthquake in Koyna, India, is now considered by many to be related to the construction of the Koyna dam and reservoir themselves.

In a popular movie, an experiment gone wrong causes a tremendous earthquake and parts of California to separate from the continental United States.

IAB - Research (Complete)

IAB - Research (Complete)

A student is writing a research report about the benefits of physical fitness for teenagers. Based on Source 1: The Benefits of Physical Fitness for Teens, which claim made by the author is supported by credible, or trustworthy, evidence?

The student took notes about information in the banana sources. Which note correctly paraphrases, or restates, information from both sources?

The student took notes about information in the Westminster Dog Show sources. Which note correctly paraphrases, or restates, information from both sources?

Read the paragraph from the wheat report. Which two sentences are plagiarized, meaning they copy the authors’ exact ideas or words without proper paraphrasing?

From Source 2, which sentence best supports the information in Source 1 that smaller class sizes improve student performance?

The student needs to find additional sources with accurate information about the Emerald Ash Borer. Which source contains information that accurately supports information in the original source?

The student needs credible sources to answer: “What forces cause earthquakes?” Select all sources that would most likely have trustworthy information for this question.

The student needs additional sources with accurate information about the Hubble Telescope. Which source best contains information that accurately supports information in Source 1?

The student wants more information for his paragraph about animals on the Galapagos Islands. Select two sources that would most likely give him more information for this paragraph.

The student’s research question is: “How did serfs contribute to daily life on a manor?” Select two credible sources that will most likely provide information needed to answer this question.

The student is writing about Gandhi’s peaceful protests and his influence on other leaders. Select two sources that would most likely give him more information for this paragraph.

Which piece of information supports the author’s point of view in Source 1 about why colonial Pennsylvania attracted many immigrants?

For each claim about the Vikings, decide whether it is supported by Source 1, Source 2, both sources, or neither source.

Select the fact from Source 2 that best supports the author’s argument in Source 1 that space missions, though costly, give us priceless knowledge about our universe.

Select two facts from Source 2 that best support the author’s argument in Source 1 that the compass made exploration possible and helped connect people around the world.

Select two pieces of information that best support the author’s review in Source 1 that humans can cause earthquakes by changing the load near faults.

A student is writing a research report about the benefits of physical fitness for teenagers. Based on Source 1: The Benefits of Physical Fitness for Teens, which claim made by the author is supported by credible, or trustworthy, evidence?

The student took notes about information in the banana sources. Which note correctly paraphrases, or restates, information from both sources?

The student took notes about information in the Westminster Dog Show sources. Which note correctly paraphrases, or restates, information from both sources?

The student took notes about information in the Hoover Dam sources. Select two notes that correctly paraphrase, or restate, information from both sources.

Read the paragraph from the wheat report. Which two sentences are plagiarized, meaning they copy the authors’ exact ideas or words without proper paraphrasing?

From Source 2, which sentence best supports the information in Source 1 that smaller class sizes improve student performance?

The student needs to find additional sources with accurate information about the Emerald Ash Borer. Which source contains information that accurately supports information in the original source?

The student needs credible sources to answer: “What forces cause earthquakes?” Select all sources that would most likely have trustworthy information for this question.

The student needs additional sources with accurate information about the Hubble Telescope. Which source best contains information that accurately supports information in Source 1?

The student wants more information for his paragraph about animals on the Galapagos Islands. Select two sources that would most likely give him more information for this paragraph.

The student’s research question is: “How did serfs contribute to daily life on a manor?” Select two credible sources that will most likely provide information needed to answer this question.

The student is writing about Gandhi’s peaceful protests and his influence on other leaders. Select two sources that would most likely give him more information for this paragraph.

Which piece of information supports the author’s point of view in Source 1 about why colonial Pennsylvania attracted many immigrants?

For each claim about the Vikings, decide whether it is supported by Source 1, Source 2, both sources, or neither source.

Select the fact from Source 2 that best supports the author’s argument in Source 1 that space missions, though costly, give us priceless knowledge about our universe.

Which source best supports the claim that drinking too many sugary drinks may increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes?

Which option correctly shows which source or sources support Claim 2: "Type 2 diabetes can cause damage to people's hearts"?

Which option correctly shows which source or sources support Claim 3: "If people do not drink sugary drinks, they will not develop type 2 diabetes"?

Select two facts from Source 2 that best support the author’s argument in Source 1 that the compass made exploration possible and helped connect people around the world.

Select two pieces of information that best support the author’s review in Source 1 that humans can cause earthquakes by changing the load near faults.

The student took notes about information in the Hoover Dam sources. Select two notes that correctly paraphrase, or restate, information from both sources.

Which source best supports the claim that drinking too many sugary drinks may increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes?

Which option correctly shows which source or sources support Claim 2: "Type 2 diabetes can cause damage to people's hearts"?

Which option correctly shows which source or sources support Claim 3: "If people do not drink sugary drinks, they will not develop type 2 diabetes"?