Biodiversity, Ecosystem Stability, Abiotic Cycles_HB_JV

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13 questions

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Which region would likely have the greatest amount of biodiversity?

A cave region with one ecosystem, which supports small populations of many different species.

A grassland region with one ecosystem, which supports very large populations of a few different species.

A mountainous region with two ecosystems, each of which supports a few different species.

A coastal region with three ecosystems, each of which supports many different species.

Which of the following provides evidence to support the claim: If all the phytoplankton were killed in both ecosystems, ecosystem A would remain more stable.

In ecosystem A, the phytoplankton are the energy source for krill. In ecosystem B the phytoplankton is the food source for penguins.   

In ecosystem A phytoplankton are the only producer, in ecosystem B phytoplankton are not the only producers. 

In ecosystem A the absence of phytoplankton would result in the absence of all species, in ecosystem B the absence of phytoplankton would result in the absence of all species except the whale. 

In ecosystem A the absence of phytoplankton would result in the absence of 6 species, in ecosystem B the absence of phytoplankton would result in the absence of all species.

Which of the following statements would be included in a reasoning that supports the claim: This ecosystem would not remain stable if the wolves were removed. SELECT 1 ANSWER!

If the voles were removed the gray wolves would eat coyote or elk instead.

If the wolves were removed the elk, coyote and vole would increase to too large of a population size that they would completely destroy all the grass grains and fruits and eventually decrease in population size themselves due to overgrazing. (Just like the rabbits did that were introduced to Australia)

If the wolves were removed the elk, coyote and vole would increase in population but not drastically.

If the voles were removed, the elk and coyote would keep the grass grains and fruits in check.

If the voles were removed the gray wolves would die.

If the voles were removed, the grasses, grains and fruits would grow out of control.

Corals, and the zooxanthellae algae they contain, form the base of a coral reef ecosystem. Organisms like sea urchins feed on microorganisms that grow on the corals. Organisms including seahorses feed on plankton and fish that also inhabit the reef. Larger animals like sea turtles frequently enter the reef to forage. Seaweeds, which are competitors of corals, may grow along the reef bottom.
The biodiversity in a coral reef ecosystem can be changed by both natural and human activities. What is a natural factor that would have the greatest negative impact on the ecosystem's biodiversity?

A sudden increase in the harvesting of corals, which decreases the coral population in the reef.

A decrease in the level of inbreeding in several seahorse populations in the reef.

The immigration of several new populations of sea urchins into the reef.

The overgrowth of a population of seaweed, which prevents light from reaching the reef.

If a scientist discovers a new synthetic chemical that appears to have many potential uses, why must society be extremely cautious after the new chemical is manufactured?

The scientist's work may be flawed, and his work must be verified.

The chemical may be too expensive to manufacture for the general population.

Harmful problems for individuals and the environment may not be initially known.

The best use may not be immediately obvious, and the chemical may be wasted.

The Marianas flying fox is a species of bat found in the Pacific islands that plays an important role in pollination and seed dispersal. Hunting and habitat destruction have contributed to a drastic decline in their population. If this continues, what would be a consequence of the extinction of the Marianas flying fox?

Organisms dependent on the flying fox would adapt to other organisms.

Plant populations would flourish due to lack of competition for resources.

The region would experience more extreme climatic conditions due to instability of plant and animal species.

Other animal and plant populations dependent on the flying fox would also decrease and may become extinct.

Most deforestation occurs for agricultural purposes as farmers cut and burn forests to grow crops. On a local scale, animals living in the forested area will either die or be forced from their habitat. On a larger scale, many plant and animal species may become extinct. What is another global effect of deforestation?

Production of fossil fuels will decrease as foliage is destroyed.

Soil erosion will decrease as ash covers and protects the topsoil.

Herbivore populations will increase as more plants become available for food. 

Greenhouse gases will increase as carbon dioxide is not taken in by trees.

What would happen if all producers disappeared?

Only primary consumers would be affected

The ecosystem would collapse due to no energy input

Decomposers would take over the role of producers

Nothing would change

Which level of the trophic pyramid has the most energy and biomass?

Primary Consumers

Secondary Consumers

Tertiary Consumers

Autotroph

Which of the processes shown in the diagram is responsible for cycling carbon from the atmosphere to the biosphere?

combustion

decomposition

photosynthesis

respiration

The geosphere is the earth's crust (oil deposits and rock). Which of the processes shown in the diagram is responsible for cycling carbon from the geosphere back into the atmosphere? Hint: you are burning fossil fuels found in the earth

combustion

decomposition

photosynthesis

respiration

Which of the following occurs during photosynthesis?

carbon is dissolved in water to form a solution

carbon is stored in plants as glucose (complex carbon chains)

carbon compounds are absorbed by plant roots from soil

carbon compounds are broken down into simpler substances

Which of the following occurs during decomposition?

carbon is dissolved in water to form a solution

carbon is stored in animals as complex carbon compounds

carbon compounds are absorbed by plants roots from the soil

carbon compounds are broken down into simpler substances

Which region would likely have the greatest amount of biodiversity?

A cave region with one ecosystem, which supports small populations of many different species.

A grassland region with one ecosystem, which supports very large populations of a few different species.

A mountainous region with two ecosystems, each of which supports a few different species.

A coastal region with three ecosystems, each of which supports many different species.

Which of the following provides evidence to support the claim: If all the phytoplankton were  killed in both ecosystems, ecosystem A would remain more stable. 

In ecosystem A, the phytoplankton are the energy source for krill. In ecosystem B the phytoplankton is the food source for penguins.   

In ecosystem A phytoplankton are the only producer, in ecosystem B phytoplankton are not the only producers. 

In ecosystem A the absence of phytoplankton would result in the absence of all species, in ecosystem B the absence of phytoplankton would result in the absence of all species except the whale. 

In ecosystem A the absence of phytoplankton would result in the absence of 6 species, in ecosystem B the absence of phytoplankton would result in the absence of all species.

Which of the following statements would be included in a reasoning that supports the claim: This ecosystem would not remain stable if the wolves were removed. SELECT 1 ANSWER! 

If the voles were removed the gray wolves would eat coyote or elk instead.

If the wolves were removed the elk, coyote and vole would increase to too large of a population size that they would completely destroy all the grass grains and fruits and eventually decrease in population size themselves due to overgrazing. (Just like the rabbits did that were introduced to Australia)

If the wolves were removed the elk, coyote and vole would increase in population but not drastically.

If the voles were removed, the elk and coyote would keep the grass grains and fruits in check.

If the voles were removed the gray wolves would die.

If the voles were removed, the grasses, grains and fruits would grow out of control.

Corals, and the zooxanthellae algae they contain, form the base of a coral reef ecosystem. Organisms like sea urchins feed on microorganisms that grow on the corals. Organisms including seahorses feed on plankton and fish that also inhabit the reef. Larger animals like sea turtles frequently enter the reef to forage. Seaweeds, which are competitors of corals, may grow along the reef bottom.
The biodiversity in a coral reef ecosystem can be changed by both natural and human activities. What is a natural factor that would have the greatest negative impact on the ecosystem's biodiversity?

A sudden increase in the harvesting of corals, which decreases the coral population in the reef.

A decrease in the level of inbreeding in several seahorse populations in the reef.

The immigration of several new populations of sea urchins into the reef.

The overgrowth of a population of seaweed, which prevents light from reaching the reef.

If a scientist discovers a new synthetic chemical that appears to have many potential uses, why must society be extremely cautious after the new chemical is manufactured?

The scientist's work may be flawed, and his work must be verified.

The chemical may be too expensive to manufacture for the general population.

Harmful problems for individuals and the environment may not be initially known.

The best use may not be immediately obvious, and the chemical may be wasted.

The Marianas flying fox is a species of bat found in the Pacific islands that plays an important role in pollination and seed dispersal. Hunting and habitat destruction have contributed to a drastic decline in their population. If this continues, what would be a consequence of the extinction of the Marianas flying fox?

Organisms dependent on the flying fox would adapt to other organisms.

Plant populations would flourish due to lack of competition for resources.

The region would experience more extreme climatic conditions due to instability of plant and animal species.

Other animal and plant populations dependent on the flying fox would also decrease and may become extinct.

Most deforestation occurs for agricultural purposes as farmers cut and burn forests to grow crops. On a local scale, animals living in the forested area will either die or be forced from their habitat. On a larger scale, many plant and animal species may become extinct.
 
What is another global effect of deforestation?

Production of fossil fuels will decrease as foliage is destroyed.

Soil erosion will decrease as ash covers and protects the topsoil.

Herbivore populations will increase as more plants become available for food. 

Greenhouse gases will increase as carbon dioxide is not taken in by trees.

What would happen if all producers disappeared?

Only primary consumers would be affected

The ecosystem would collapse due to no energy input

Decomposers would take over the role of producers

Nothing would change

Which level of the trophic pyramid has the most energy and biomass?

Primary Consumers

Secondary Consumers

Tertiary Consumers

Autotroph

Which of the processes shown in the diagram is responsible for cycling carbon from the atmosphere to the biosphere?

combustion

decomposition

photosynthesis

respiration

The geosphere is the earth's crust (oil deposits and rock). Which of the processes shown in the diagram is responsible for cycling carbon from the geosphere back into the atmosphere? Hint: you are burning fossil fuels found in the earth

combustion

decomposition

photosynthesis

respiration

Which of the following occurs during photosynthesis?

carbon is dissolved in water to form a solution

carbon is stored in plants as glucose (complex carbon chains)

carbon compounds are absorbed by plant roots from soil

carbon compounds are broken down into simpler substances

 Which of the following occurs during decomposition?

carbon is dissolved in water to form a solution

carbon is stored in animals as complex carbon compounds

carbon compounds are absorbed by plants roots from the soil

carbon compounds are broken down into simpler substances