Directions: Use the information provided and your knowledge of Life Science to answer the following questions. Show all work where necessary.
Directions: Use the information provided and your knowledge of Life Science to answer the following questions. Show all work where necessary.
Climate change has challenged and will continue to challenge some of the traditional ways of life that have sustained indigenous peoples for thousands of years. In the Pacific Northwest, warming river and stream temperatures will threaten ecosystems and species, including salmon populations. Salmon play a particularly important role in the diet, culture, religion, and economy of Native Americans in this region.
Salmon are sensitive to water temperature at many stages of their lives. They spend much of their adult lives in the ocean, then migrate inland to spawn. Salmon need cold water to migrate and for their young to hatch and grow successfully. Warmer water can negatively affect fish, making it more difficult for them to swim upstream. It can also make fish more susceptible to disease. River and stream temperatures in the Pacific Northwest are influenced by many factors, but are expected to rise as average air temperatures increase.
The graph shows average August water temperatures at a site in the Snake River, in eastern Washington near Nez Perce tribal lands. Several species of salmon use the Snake River to migrate and spawn. Between 1960 and 2022, water temperature has increased by 2.2°F.
Graph of Information - Figure 1.
This graph shows average August water temperatures at a site along the Snake River in eastern Washington.
Between 1960 and 2022, how did average August water temperatures in the Snake River change?
Using the graph, describe one pattern in the temperature trend from 1960 to 2022. Include at least one specific value from the graph or table.
Using the background text, explain why warmer river water makes it more difficult for salmon to migrate and survive.
Construct an argument explaining how the temperature data provide evidence that environmental change is creating challenges for salmon in the Snake River.
Include a clear claim, specific evidence from the data, and reasoning linking the evidence to salmon survival.
According to the background information, what is one harmful effect of warmer river water on salmon?
Using the graph, identify a year where August temperatures were below 70°F and describe how that compares to the most recent years shown.