7.8 - Nation Divided: - Practice A

To persuade state leaders to challenge a federal tariff policy

To encourage enslaved people to resist plantation labor

To recruit soldiers to defend the coastline from Britain

To promote moving textile mills from the North to the South

Southern planters and merchants who relied on trade and exports

New England factory owners who wanted tariffs to protect manufacturing

Western farmers who mainly wanted cheap land and transportation improvements

Northern urban workers who wanted higher wages through labor unions

Economic policies could benefit one region while harming another

All regions agreed that tariffs were the fairest way to raise revenue

Industrial growth ended debates about the Constitution’s meaning

States had no role in responding to federal economic laws

To encourage citizens to organize against the extension of slavery

To convince Southerners to support ending slavery in existing states

To promote compromise by avoiding any debate about slavery

To celebrate the Kansas-Nebraska Act as a solution to sectional conflict

Debates over slavery in new territories made national compromise harder

Most Americans agreed slavery should expand into the territories

Territorial expansion reduced conflicts between North and South

Arguments over slavery were limited to local politics, not Congress

Whether slavery should be allowed to expand into new U.S. territories

Whether the federal government should end all tariffs on imports

Whether the United States should annex Canada

Whether Congress should fund a national railroad to the Pacific

To justify their state’s decision to leave the Union after the 1860 election

To persuade Congress to raise tariffs to protect Northern factories

To encourage abolitionists to end slavery immediately in the South

To ask the Supreme Court to overturn the results of the election

The election of a Republican president

The discovery of gold in California

The purchase of Louisiana from France

The end of the War of 1812

Some Southerners saw Lincoln’s election as a threat that justified secession

Most Northerners believed states should be allowed to leave at any time

Both regions agreed slavery should expand into all territories

Southern leaders mainly opposed secession because it would weaken trade

The writer notes that controlling high ground shaped where armies positioned troops

The writer argues that elections were the main cause of the fighting

The writer claims uniforms determined which side would win

The writer states that foreign nations planned the battle’s outcome

Leaders had to make choices based on terrain and transportation routes

Battles were decided mainly by surprise parties at night

Geography did not matter once the war began

Technology made leadership unnecessary in military decisions

They affected how quickly troops and supplies could move

They determined which side had the most factories

They removed the need for commanders to plan ahead

They made battles unnecessary because armies could not fight

Damage to infrastructure and shortages that disrupted daily life

A rapid increase in immigration to the South after the war

The immediate creation of a national income tax system

A nationwide expansion of factory work in all regions

Control and enforcement could shift as armies moved through communities

Local governments became more powerful than the federal government everywhere

The Constitution was rewritten during the war to eliminate state governments

Most communities experienced no changes in law enforcement or courts

References to destroyed rail lines or bridges limiting trade and supplies

Mentions of soldiers holding an election for national office

Comments about new inventions replacing all farm labor

Statements praising the growth of overseas markets during wartime