7.8 - Nation Divided: - Practice E

Different regions believed federal economic policies benefited some regions more than others

All regions agreed tariffs were fair, but argued about voting rules

The debate was only about foreign policy and had no economic impact

Tariffs ended regional differences by making every economy identical

Farming regions, because higher prices could raise costs for consumers

Industrial regions, because tariffs make factories close immediately

Port cities, because tariffs always reduce government revenue to zero

Western frontier regions, because tariffs stop all road and canal projects

Increase factory employment by making imported goods less competitive

Lower the cost of imported goods for consumers in all regions

Eliminate the need for banks to lend money to businesses

Reduce the importance of trade by banning all foreign goods

Land prices and wages become unstable because of uncertainty

Factory output rises because tariffs are removed

Ocean trade stops because ports are blocked

Currency becomes worthless because banks close nationwide

Planters seeking to expand enslaved labor-based agriculture

Northern textile workers seeking higher import prices

Small farmers who want less labor competition from any source

Territorial merchants who oppose any population growth

Regions feared losing political power if new states favored the other side

Regions agreed the issue was local and refused to discuss it nationally

The debates were only about religion and did not affect government

Territorial debates reduced conflict by ending disagreements over labor

They feared political conflict could disrupt access to foreign markets and credit

They expected the federal government to give free land to planters

They believed elections automatically lowered the value of all paper money

They thought secession debates would guarantee higher shipping rates for everyone

Uncertainty is making trade, shipping, and credit less reliable

Factories are closing because tariffs have been eliminated

Farming stops because rainfall has ended across the region

Prices stay fixed because markets ignore political events

Economic uncertainty after a Republican victory helped push some Southerners toward secession

The election ended sectional disagreements by creating one national economy

The document shows the war began because Northern factories needed cotton immediately

The market report proves secession was caused mainly by new canal projects in the West

Transportation delays can reduce supplies reaching soldiers

Elections automatically decide the outcome of battles

Farmers stopped producing food because of new tariffs

Markets stayed stable because the war avoided major rivers

Longer routes or difficult terrain could increase transport costs and prices

Mountains made it unnecessary to use railroads or rivers

Rivers prevented armies from needing food and equipment

Geography only affected civilians, not military decisions

Rail transport helped move supplies, but breakdowns could disrupt strategy

New printing presses ended the need for military planning

Telegraphs increased crop yields and lowered food prices everywhere

Steamships made geography irrelevant to all battles

Labor shifted toward paid contracts instead of enslaved labor

The South stopped producing crops because farming ended

Northern factories replaced all farms as the main employers

Money was no longer used because barter became illegal

It shows how the war changed governance and economic life through new labor rules

It proves the war had no effect on wages or work arrangements

It shows that transportation technology ended the need for farm labor

It demonstrates that the war’s main impact was on foreign monarchies

Contracts and debt could restrict workers’ choices and mobility

Workers were guaranteed land ownership through the contract

Contracts made prices stop changing in local markets

Workers could only be paid with imported goods from Europe