Random genes in a population always result in better characteristics in offspring.

Only the largest and strongest organisms survive.

Some organisms choose to live and some die in each generation.

The best adapted individuals survive and reproduce, contributing the most to the next

generation.

The black moths were adapted and most fit so they survive and reproduce

The birds stopped eating moths altogether and found another food source

All moths were unable to reproduce and eventually became extinct

The white moths were able to survive and reproduce better than the black moths

Fish were able to glide out of the ocean and into other bodies of water to mate with other species.

Fish were able to live both on land and in the water as a result of their larger pectoral fins.

Fish with enlarged pectoral fins were able to glide out of the ocean to escape predators, increasing their fitness.

Fish changed their DNA to express enlarged pectoral fins, changing the allele frequency of the population.

An increase in food availability lead to the rabbit population increasing

The percentage of slower rabbits increased due to introduction of wolves

A decrease in fitness that increased reproductive success

The percentage of faster increased due to the introduction of wolves

Is the beak shape of male finches similar to that of female finches, and which bird has a longer body length?

What is the relationship between feather color and beak shape of finches?

How does the beak shape of finches change from generation to generation in response to food sources?

Did the ancestral finch have a larger wing span than living finches?

Producing more offspring increases the probability that some will survive and reproduce

Producing more offspring increases the probability of developing beneficial mutations in the population

Producing more offspring increases the probability that they will evolve into a new species.

Producing more offspring increases competition between other organisms who eat the same food

It forces the cells to rely on a single source of nutrients, which prevents other species from outcompeting them.

It eliminates harmful genes from these populations, making them better at surviving.

It increases genetic variation, which increases their ability to survive.

It creates identical copies of cells maintaining uniformity.

gene flow as new alleles are introduced

evolution of a different species as alleles mix

hybrid sterility as gametes from different individuals are incompatible

a decrease of genetic variation among individuals

Allopatric Speciation

Sympatric Speciation

Peripatric Speciaiton

Parapatric Speciation

This is genetic drift (bottleneck) because new gene were brought into an existing population.

This is gene flow because new gene were brought into an existing population and new traits are observed.

This is genetic drift (founders effect) because the shipwreck was a random event that started the new population.

This is gene flow because the shipwreck was a random event that started the new population.

The mutation is good because the iguana stands out. The population will increase as more birds eat them.

The mutation is bad because the iguana stands out. The population will decrease as more birds eat them.

The mutation has no effect on the survival of the iguana. The population will not change.

The mutation is good because the iguana can defend itself. The population will increase as less birds eat them.

The mutation has no effect on the survival of the iguana. The population will not change.

The mutation is bad because the iguana cannot blend in. The population will decrease as more birds eat them.