In every population, there are differences among each individual. For example, in a population of lady bugs, each individual lady bug has its own spot pattern. This is referred to as .
Match the term to the correct definition:
| Draggable item | arrow_right_alt | Corresponding Item |
|---|---|---|
Variation | arrow_right_alt | The mechanism of evolution where the best adapted individuals survive and reproduce, contributing the most to the next generation (also known as "survival of the fittest"). |
Natural Selection | arrow_right_alt | The ability to survive, find a mate and reproduce, and pass down genes. |
Fitness | arrow_right_alt | Differences among each individual within a population. |
| Draggable item | arrow_right_alt | Corresponding Item |
|---|---|---|
Over-reproduction | arrow_right_alt | A gradual change within a population over a long period of time. |
Adaptation | arrow_right_alt | Having too many babies to increase the likelihood the offspring will survive and reproduce. |
Evolution | arrow_right_alt | Traits that improve an organisms fitness ("good trait"). |
In every population, there are differences among each individual. For example, in a population of lady bugs, each individual lady bug has its own spot pattern. This is referred to as .
Natural selection is based on the idea that adaptations will increase the fitness of an organism.
Which of the following terms would BEST describes what it means to be “fit”?
Select TWO correct answers:
Clownfish (Amphiprion ocellaris) live within sea anemones in warm bodies of water. The table contains some information about this fish.
Why does the ability to lay 100 to 1,500 eggs every 10 to 14 days increase the fitness of the species Amphiprion ocellaris?
Salamanders that live in an area without predators are light colored. Salamanders that live in an area with predators are dark. Over the years, the predators in the environment with the dark salamanders die from a natural disaster. Which of these is most likely to happen to the dark salamander population in this area over time?
Complete the following statement with the options provided below:
There will be in the number of dark salamanders because due to natural disaster.
Concept A is , because and this leads to a(n) .
Concept B is , because and this leads to a(n).
The "Clean Air Act" that directly addressed industrial pollution was passed in 1970. After the bill passed, scientist collected data on the moth population. The table (below) shows the survival rate of two types of moths in the same environment over a period of four years.
Which statements about the beetles in this environment is best supported by the data?
Select TWO correct answers:
A zoologist recorded the following information regarding breeding habits of the Kiwi bird:
The Great Spotted Kiwi can only lay a single egg once per year. While the female Kiwi reproductive cycle lasts from July through February, breeding season (when Kiwis lay their egg) is typically in January. The male kiwi then incubates the egg until it hatches in April or May.
Based on the information in the charts, what is the most likely explanation for the Great Spotted Kiwi to lay their eggs in January instead of any other month?
Imagine that green beetles are easier for birds to spot (and hence, eat). Those that survive pass their genes for coloration on to their offspring.
Which question would BEST help determine whether the color change in the beetles was influenced by natural selection?
Millions of years ago, a small fly-like insect with limited flight abilities lived in a swampy environment full of predators and competition. Over generations, some developed longer wings, stronger muscles, and better vision.
Which question would BEST help determine whether the changes in shape were influenced by natural selection?
In the southeastern United States, coral snakes exhibit a distinctive pattern of red, yellow, and black banding, which closely resembles the appearance of scarlet snakes. Coral snakes are venomous, and most predators avoid them to reduce the risk of being bitten.
Which of the following BEST explains how the scarlet king snake benefits from looking like the Eastern coral snake?
Camels are well-adapted to survive in extreme environments, including both hot deserts and cold regions. Despite common myths, camels do not store water in their humps.
The Bactrian camel stores most of their fat in their humps, which helps them regulate their body temperature more efficiently. The fat storage adaptation allows camels to store energy for long periods of time for journeys across deserts where food is scarce (limited).
Which selective pressure most likely led to the development of the camel’s specialized hump adaptation?
A population of elephant seals lives on a remote island. Originally, there were hundreds of seals with a variety of traits such as color differences and increased immunity to disease.
A severe storm hits the island and 90% of the population is killed. The remaining population is a small random sample with less variation in traits compared to the original population of elephant seals.
Which table best represents the mechanism of evolution and the effect on the gene pool of the elephant seal population?
What is the most likely explanation for this change?
Migration of these rabbits contributes to the gene pool of the population and increases .
Biologists studying Amur tigers have determined that the lack of genetic diversity in their population is due to genetic drift.
Which statement most likely explains the consequence of low genetic diversity for the Amur tiger population?
Below is a diagram of a phylogenetic tree on DNA similarities of five organisms.
Which lettered location on the phylogenetic tree identifies characteristics shared by species X, Y and Z?
Researchers studying populations of farm. The table (below) shows the number of SIMILARITIES in the protein sequences between different populations.
Which list is ordered from the species most closely related to the mouse to the species least closely related to the donkey?
This cladogram shows the evolutionary relationships among some organisms based on homologous structures.
Which statement is supported by this cladogram?
The table (below) shows five partial amino acid sequences from five different organisms.
In this table, the Gorilla is the related to all the other organisms because .
All the animals to the right of the hagfish would have the common characteristic of -
Many fossil discoveries have been made in the past century. In 1974, Donald Johanson discovered Lucy and in 1975, his team found a collection of teeth dated to be about 3.2 million years old.
As he further dug at the site, he noticed that there were gaps in the fossils, which suggested that gradual changes were missing. The sudden bursts of rapid evolutionary changes led to the formation of new species.
Which theory best describes these gaps in the fossil record followed by rapid evolutionary changes?
