Match the term to the correct definition:

Natural selection is based on the idea that adaptations will increase the fitness of an organism.

Which of the following terms would BEST describes what it means to be “fit”?

Select TWO correct answers:

Clownfish (Amphiprion ocellaris) live within sea anemones in warm bodies of water. The table contains some information about this fish.

Why does the ability to lay 100 to 1,500 eggs every 10 to 14 days increase the fitness of the species Amphiprion ocellaris?

The Mexican long-nosed bat roosts in Big Bend National Park in West Texas. The bat feeds on nectar and pollen and hovers while it feeds. Additionally, its tongue can extend up to eight centimeters. The features of Mexican long-nosed bats are evidence of natural selection because the features are adaptations that —

The "Clean Air Act" that directly addressed industrial pollution was passed in 1970. After the bill passed, scientist collected data on the moth population. The table (below) shows the survival rate of two types of moths in the same environment over a period of four years.

Which statements about the beetles in this environment is best supported by the data?

Select TWO correct answers:

A zoologist recorded the following information regarding breeding habits of the Kiwi bird:

The Great Spotted Kiwi can only lay a single egg once per year. While the female Kiwi reproductive cycle lasts from July through February, breeding season (when Kiwis lay their egg) is typically in January. The male kiwi then incubates the egg until it hatches in April or May.

Based on the information in the charts, what is the most likely explanation for the Great Spotted Kiwi to lay their eggs in January instead of any other month?

The bar graph illustrates the neck length variation within a population of turtles. Data was gathered in the years 1950 and 2000, after a drought occurred in 1970.

Which factor BEST describes the change in this population of the neck length between 1950 and 2000?

Millions of years ago, a small fly-like insect with limited flight abilities lived in a swampy environment full of predators and competition. Over generations, some developed longer wings, stronger muscles, and better vision.

Which question would BEST help determine whether the changes in shape were influenced by natural selection?

Genetic recombination is the mixing of genetic material from two different organisms. By introducing new genetic material into the bacterial genome, this particular bacteria uses it to gain an advantage to being able to survive harsh conditions such as extreme heat.

In what ways has DNA from other bacteria contributed its survival during environmental changes over the past millions of years?

Mimicry is when one animal that pretends to be a totally different animal, usually much larger and stronger one.

In the picture below, the moth is mimicking (copying) the large eyes of an owl in order to scare predators away.

Which of these best explains how the moth benefits from looking like the owl?

In the southeastern United States, coral snakes exhibit a distinctive pattern of red, yellow, and black banding, which closely resembles the appearance of scarlet snakes. Coral snakes are venomous, and most predators avoid them to reduce the risk of being bitten.

Which of the following BEST explains how the scarlet king snake benefits from looking like the Eastern coral snake?

Lions are introduced to an ecosystem populated with zebras. Although the lions are fast, some zebras are able to escape the new predator.

Which of the following best predicts what will happen to the zebra population over time after the lions are introduced to their ecosystem?

Camels are well-adapted to survive in extreme environments, including both hot deserts and cold regions. Despite common myths, camels do not store water in their humps.

The Bactrian camel stores most of their fat in their humps, which helps them regulate their body temperature more efficiently. The fat storage adaptation allows camels to store energy for long periods of time for journeys across deserts where food is scarce (limited).

Which selective pressure most likely led to the development of the camel’s specialized hump adaptation?

A population of elephant seals lives on a remote island. Originally, there were hundreds of seals with a variety of traits such as color differences and increased immunity to disease.

A severe storm hits the island and 90% of the population is killed. The remaining population is a small random sample with less variation in traits compared to the original population of elephant seals.

Which table best represents the mechanism of evolution and the effect on the gene pool of the elephant seal population?