Rachel uses the process of baking a cake as a model to help her friend understand how genes function in
people. The ingredients in Rachel’s cake recipe are:
The cake recipe provides directions for how to mix the ingredients together, the temperature of the oven,
and the length of time the cake needs to bake. The end result is a plain, yellow cake.
a. Identify what the recipe in Mary’s model represents.
b. Use Mary’s model to explain the process of how an observable trait (such as curly hair or blue eyes)
happens in people. Begin your explanation with your answer to part (a).
c. Define “neutral mutation” and use Mary’s model to provide an example.