Copy of Joint Diseases - Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis (5/28/2026)

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2 questions

Osteoarthritis

Question 1

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Rheumatoid Arthritis

Question 2

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Question 1

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Question 2

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a.) Osteoarthritis is often referred to as _______  in the joints.

b.) Unlike rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis is not an _______  condition.

c.) The condition primarily occurs in the _______  joints.

d.) Key risk factors for osteoarthritis include _______ , increased age, and trauma to the joint.

e.) A significant imbalance in osteoarthritis involves cartilage being worn down and the _______  repairing it.

f.) The mnemonic for remembering the four key x-ray changes in osteoarthritis is _______ .

g.) The first letter in the mnemonic (answer to f) stands for loss of _______

h.) Osteophytes are described as little _______  of bone that form at the joint.

i.) Commonly affected joints in osteoarthritis include the knees, hips, and _______  of the hands.

j.) The NICE guidelines suggest a diagnosis can be made without investigations if a patient is over _______  and has typical activity-related pain.

k.) The first line of management for osteoarthritis includes _______  and topical NSAIDs like ibuprofen.

l.) In severe cases, _______  may be considered for the hips and knees.

m.) Patients with osteoarthritis may experience joint pain and _______ that worsens with activity.

n.) A common sign in the hands of osteoarthritis patients is _______ , which occur in the distal interphalangeal joints.

o.) The second most common type of node in osteoarthritis is _______ , found in the proximal interphalangeal joints.

a.) Rheumatoid arthritis is classified as a_______  disorder that affects multiple joints.

b.) In rheumatoid arthritis, the clinical presentation typically includes _______  and swelling in a symmetrical pattern.

c.) The early involvement of rheumatoid arthritis primarily affects the _______  and proximal interphalangeal joints in the hands.

d.) A characteristic deformity seen in rheumatoid arthritis is _______ , where the distal interphalangeal joints are flexed while the proximal interphalangeal joints are hyperextended.

e.) The inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis primarily affects the _______  membrane, leading to a condition known as synovitis.

f.) Macrophages in the synovium secrete cytokines like _______ , which contribute to the inflammatory process in rheumatoid arthritis.

g.) _______  are immune cells that make up about fifty percent of the immune response in the synovial area, promoting inflammation and stimulating other cells.

h.) The phase before the onset of rheumatoid arthritis is referred to as the _______  phase.

i.) Possible contributors to the development of rheumatoid arthritis include genetics, smoking, and a bacteria called _______  gingivalis.

j.) A crucial modification in autoantigens associated with rheumatoid arthritis is known as _______ .

k.) Activated T cells, particularly _______  T cells, play a significant role in the immune response in rheumatoid arthritis.

l.) The two main antibodies associated with rheumatoid arthritis are the rheumatoid factor and the _______  antibody.

m.) In rheumatoid arthritis, the presence of inflammatory cytokines in the blood can lead to _______  formation in the skin.

n.) One serious consequence of rheumatoid arthritis is _______, which can result from inflammation and contribute to bone deterioration.

o.) The name of this disease is _______