What are the three principal functions of the nervous system?
a.
b.
c.
Provide an example of sensory input and describe the integration process.
What are the two main parts of the nervous system?
a.
b.
What is the role of the motor division?
What are neurons, and what is their primary function?
What role do glial cells play in the nervous system?
List the four types of glial cells found in the central nervous system and their functions.
a.
b.
c.
d.
List three facts about neurons.
What are the three main components of a neuron?
a.
b.
c.
Describe each of the three main components of the neuron. Separate each description by a double-space.
What are the three types of neuron structures?
a.
b.
c.
Describe each of the three types of neutron structures and where they are typically found. Separate each by a double-space.
Explain the functions of the three types of neurons in terms of impulse travel.
a. Sensory (afferent) -
b. Motor (efferent) -
c. Interneurons (association) -
Summarize how the nervous system responds when a spider crawls on your knee.
How do neurons communicate impulses
What factors can vary in neuron signaling?
How is the body compared to a battery?
What is membrane potential?
What is the resting membrane potential of a neuron?
What ions are involved in creating this potential?
What is the function of the sodium-potassium pump?
What is an electrochemical gradient?
What are the three types of ion channels?
a.
b.
c.
List each type of ion channel and when each opens. Separate each with a double-space.
What happens when these channels open?
What is a graded potential?
What triggers an action potential?
What occurs during depolarization?
What is the all-or-nothing phenomenon?
What happens during repolarization?
What is hyperpolarization?
What is the refractory period?
Summarize how neurons create and propagate action potentials.
Broca's Aphasia
What happened to James after his stroke?
How does Broca’s aphasia affect language abilities?
What are the two main components of the nervous system?
a.
b.
What is the primary function of the CNS?
What is the initial structure that develops into the central nervous system?
What does the caudal end of the neural tube form?
What are the three primary brain vesicles?
a.
b.
c.
When do these vesicles begin to form?
What do the primary vesicles develop into?
a. Prosencephalon divides into
b. rhombencephalon divides into
c. The mesencephalon
What are the major adult brain regions derived from these vesicles?
a.
b.
c.
d.
What function does the cerebellum serve?
What function does the brainstem serve?
What are the three components of the brainstem?
a.
b.
c.
What structures are included in the diencephalon?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Why is the diencephalon referred to as the "reptilian brain"?
What are the four main lobes of the brain and their functions (be brief)?
a.
b.
c.
d.
What is the role of Broca’s area?
What role does the peripheral nervous system (PNS) play in relation to the brain?
What are the five types of sensory nerve receptors and their functions (be brief)?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Why is pain considered a useful sensation?
Give an example of someone who lacks the ability to feel pain.
What is the role of mechanoreceptors and nociceptors when you step on a tack?
Describe: Pain Threshold
Describe: Pain Tolerance.
What occurs at the cellular level when pain is experienced?
How do pain signals travel between neurons?
What is the role of the afferent division in the PNS?
How does the efferent division respond to pain signals?
What are the five steps of the reflex arc?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
What happens to pain signals once they reach the brain?
Why does the brain's processing of pain matter?
How do reflex arcs function?
What are the two types of reflexes?
a.
b.
What is an example of a conditioned reflex?
How does the brain interact with reflex reactions?
Why are reflex reactions important for survival?