C.4.1 Describe, classify, and give examples of various kinds of reactions: synthesis (i.e., combination), decomposition, single displacement, double displacement, acid/base, and combustion.
Learning Goals:
I can describe the six types of reactions.
I can classify the six types of reactions.
C.4.1 Describe, classify, and give examples of various kinds of reactions: synthesis (i.e., combination), decomposition, single displacement, double displacement, acid/base, and combustion.
Learning Goals:
I can describe the six types of reactions.
I can classify the six types of reactions.
Chemical Reactions
Electrons and atoms rearrange.
Form new compounds and molecules.
Represented by equations that have two basic parts - reactants and products.
Reactants → Products
Reactants - things that go into a reaction; they will be transformed.
Products - things that are the result of a reaction.
Chemical Reactions
Electrons and atoms rearrange.
Form new compounds and molecules.
Represented by equations that have two basic parts - reactants and products.
Reactants → Products
Reactants - things that go into a reaction; they will be transformed.
Products - things that are the result of a reaction.
What are reactants in a chemical reaction?
Chemical Reactions
Electrons and atoms rearrange.
Form new compounds and molecules.
Represented by equations that have two basic parts - reactants and products.
Reactants → Products
Reactants - things that go into a reaction; they will be transformed.
Products - things that are the result of a reaction.
In a chemical reaction represented by the equation Reactants → Products, which statement is true?
Energy and Chemical Reactions
Some chemical reactions also result in a change of energy.
Heat - some reactions can release or absorb this.
Light - emitted in some reactions; result of electrons gaining then releasing energy.
Five Reaction Types:
Combination (synthesis) Reactions
Decomposition Reactions
Combustion Reactions
Single Replacement Reactions
Double Replacement Reactions
Combination (Synthesis) Reactions
Two or more substances combine to form a single new compound.
A + B → AB
Example: Formation of water from hydrogen and oxygen
Combination Reaction Examples
2 Na + Cl2 → 2 NaCl
2 Mg + O2 → 2 MgO
S + 3 O2 → 2 SO3
2 Fe + O2 → 2 FeO
4 Fe + 3 O2 → 2 Fe2O3
2 H2 + O2 → 2 H2O
Which of the following is a combination reaction (A + B → AB)?
Decomposition Reaction Examples
2 HgO → 2 Hg + O2
CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
2 NaOH → Na2O + H2O
H2CO3 → CO2 + H2O
2 Ni2O3 → 4 Ni + 3 O2
Which of the following is a decomposition reaction (AB → A + B)?
Combustion Reactions
A substance reacts with oxygen gas, releasing heat and light.
Oxygen (O2) is always one of the reactants.
Water (H2O) is always one of the products.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is often one of the products, but not always.
Combustion Reaction Examples
C2H5OH + O2 → CO2 + H2O
C3H8 + 5 O2 → 3 CO2 + 4 H2O
2 H2 + O2 → 2 H2O
C10H8 + 12 O2 → 10 CO2 + 4 H2O
What is a defining characteristic of combustion reactions?
Which of the following statements is true regarding combustion reactions (more than one correct answer)?
Which of the following is a combustion reaction?
Single-Replacement Reaction Examples
Mg + Cu(NO3)2 → Mg(NO3)2 + Cu
Zn + 2 HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
2 Na + 2 H2O → 2 NaOH + H2
Cl2 + 2 NaBr → 2 NaCl + Br2
What is true about single-replacement reactions (more than one correct answer)?
Which of the following is a single-replacement reaction (A + BC → AC + B)?
Double-Replacement Reaction Examples
2 KI + Pb(NO3)2 → 2 KNO3 + PbI2
Na2S + 2 HCl → 2 NaCl + H2S
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O
NaCN + HBr → NaBr + HCN
(NH4)2SO4 + Ba(NO3)2 → 2 NH4NO3 + BaSO4
What is true about double-replacement reactions (more than one correct answer)?
Which of the following is a double-replacement reaction (AB + CD → AC + BD)?
Review
Chemical Reactions
Reactants → Products
Combination Reactions
A + B → AB
Decomposition Reactions
AB → A + B
Combustion Reactions
Oxygen is always a reactant.
Water is always a product.
Single-Replacement Reactions
A + BC → AC + B
Double-Replacement Reactions
AB + CD → AC + BD
Review
Combination Reactions
A + B → AB
Decomposition Reactions
AB → A + B
Combustion Reactions
Oxygen is always a reactant.
Water is always a product.
Single-Replacement Reactions
A + BC → AC + B
Double-Replacement Reactions
AB + CD → AC + BD
Is this a combination reaction, decomposition reaction, combustion reaction, single-replacement reaction, or a double-replacement reaction? Look to the left for help.
Review
Combination Reactions
A + B → AB
Decomposition Reactions
AB → A + B
Combustion Reactions
Oxygen is always a reactant.
Water is always a product.
Single-Replacement Reactions
A + BC → AC + B
Double-Replacement Reactions
AB + CD → AC + BD
What kind of reaction is this?
Review
Combination Reactions
A + B → AB
Decomposition Reactions
AB → A + B
Combustion Reactions
Oxygen is always a reactant.
Water is always a product.
Single-Replacement Reactions
A + BC → AC + B
Double-Replacement Reactions
AB + CD → AC + BD
What kind of reaction is this?
Review
Combination Reactions
A + B → AB
Decomposition Reactions
AB → A + B
Combustion Reactions
Oxygen is always a reactant.
Water is always a product.
Single-Replacement Reactions
A + BC → AC + B
Double-Replacement Reactions
AB + CD → AC + BD
What kind of reaction is this?
Review
Combination Reactions
A + B → AB
Decomposition Reactions
AB → A + B
Combustion Reactions
Oxygen is always a reactant.
Water is always a product.
Single-Replacement Reactions
A + BC → AC + B
Double-Replacement Reactions
AB + CD → AC + BD
What kind of reaction is this?
Combination Reactions
A + B → AB
Decomposition Reactions
AB → A + B
Combustion Reactions
Oxygen is always a reactant (left of arrow).
Water is always a product (right of arrow).
Single-Replacement Reactions
A + BC → AC + B
Double-Replacement Reactions
AB + CD → AC + BD
Identify each of these reactions (combination, decomposition, combustion, single-replacement, double-replacement).
a.)
b.)
c.)
d.)
e.)
f.)
g.)
h.)
i.)
j.)
Identify each of these reactions (combination, decomposition, combustion, single-replacement, double-replacement).
a.)
b.)
c.)
d.)
e.)
f.)
g.)
h.)
i.)
j.)
When complete do this exit ticket - https://app.formative.com/formatives/67c762c4248317f3a2863add
Password - Reactions
10 multiple-choice questions.
Timed - 5 minutes.
If you score below a 70% (below a 7/10) you can retake (no more than 4 total attempts).
Highest possible if using re-takes - 80%