Chemical Bonding

• Chemical bonds - attractive forces that hold atoms together.
• Occur between valence electrons of different atoms.
• Two ways bonds form - transfer or the sharing of electrons.
• Purpose of bond formation - to fill the valence energy level of each atom (makes them stable)
• Two primary types of bonds - ionic and covalent.

Ionic Bonds

• Formed by - transfer of electrons to form ions.
• Opposite charged ions are electrostatically attrated to one another.
• Formed between metals and nonmetals.

Ionic Bonds 2

• Transfer of electrons - to have a full valence energy level.

• Metal - donate 1-3 electrons (cation)
• Nonmetal - accept 1-3 electrons (anion)

Ionic Bonds 3

• Once the cation and anion form, they will bond via electrostatic attraction.