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Laabri

Intro to DNA Virtual Lab (2024) **

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Last updated about 3 hours ago
30 Nsɛmmisa
Section 1: Warm Up
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Section 2: DNA Stations Virtual Lab
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STATION 2: DNA STRUCTURE PUZZLE

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Section 3: Exit Ticket
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Asemmisa {{asɛmmisaAhyɛnsode}}
1.

What kind of biomolecule is DNA?

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2.

Which of the following have DNA?

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3.

What does DNA do?

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4.

Which of the following have DNA?

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5.

When is DNA copied during the cell cycle?

DNA replication occurs during in eukaryotes.

STATION 1: COMPARING DNA

The drawings below show a very small section of the DNA double helix from three very different organisms: a plant, a mammal, and a bacterium.

Each strand of DNA shown contains five nucleotides. Each nucleotide has:

S = sugar molecule called deoxyribose P = phosphate group and one of the four bases: A = adenine, C = cytosine, G = guanine, or T = thymine

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6.

In the backbone of each strand in the DNA double helix molecule, the sugar of one nucleotide is bonded to the of the nucleotides in each strand of DNA extend toward each other in the center of the DNA double helix molecule.

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8.

THE SUPER MOST IMPORTANT BASE PAIRING RULE!!!!

A in one strand always pairs with in the other strand.

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9.

In the table below, select the statements that apply to each organism.

Plant

Mammal

Bacteria

Has backbone made of sugar and phosphate.

Has DNA bases made of A, T, C, and G.

Has the same order of bases.

Follows the base-pairing rule (see #8)

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10.

If DNA has the same structure in all living organisms, what determines different genes? Based on your table above, which characteristic determines the difference in genes between plants, mammals, and bacteria?

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11.

Complete the DNA Structure Puzzle below by selecting the correct nitrogen base and dropping it onto the image.

HINT: Pay attention to the lines on each nitrogen base to determine the correct pairing of nitrogen bases! The lines should match up!!!!

Mmuae Afoforo a Wobɛpaw:

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12.

Based on your model, what do you notice about how the nitrogen bases pair together?

Draggable itemarrow_right_altCorresponding Item

G

arrow_right_alt

T

A

arrow_right_alt

C

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13.

Based on your model, what always goes on the inside of DNA strand?

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14.

Based on your model, what makes up the outside of DNA strand?

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15.

How many sugar phosphate backbones are present in your strand of DNA?

STATION 3: BUILD-A-BEAR

1.) Complete the complementary (matching/missing) strand based on the rules.

2.) Determine what trait your bear should have using the table provided.

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16.

Complete the chart below following your Station 3 Instructions.

Mmuae Afoforo a Wobɛpaw:
C C G
G T A
G C T
Small Eyes
Square Nose
Oval Nose
Large Eyes
G G C
Pointed Ears
A A C
Round Ears
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17.

What does Bear #1 look like?

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18.

Complete the chart below following your Station 3 Instructions.

Mmuae Afoforo a Wobɛpaw:
C C A
Round Ears
A C C
Large Eyes
Pointed Ears
T T G
Small Eyes
Square Nose
G C A
Oval Nose
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19.

What does Bear #2 look like?

STATION 4: DNA REPLICATION PROCESS

During DNA replication in S phase, the two sides of the DNA helix are separated, then each side is used to provide instructions for making a new complementary (matching) strand.

The nucleotides in the new strand are added one at a time. Each new nucleotide is matched to a nucleotide in the old strand using the base-pairing rules.

DNA replication results in two new DNA molecules that are identical to the original DNA molecule. Thus, each of the new DNA molecules has the same genetic information as the original DNA molecule.

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20.

Remember the super most mega ultra important base pairing rule:

A always goes with T

C always goes with G

Mmuae Afoforo a Wobɛpaw:
T
A
G
C
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21.

Compare the original DNA strand to the strand that you created. What do you notice?

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22.

Compare the two DNA strands you created to each other. What do you notice?

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23.

At the end of DNA replication, we produce...

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24.

Watch the animation below, then put the steps of DNA replication in order.

Mmuae Afoforo a Wobɛpaw:

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25.

The diagram below shows an enzyme helicase during DNA replication.

What is the function of helicase?

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26.

The diagram below shows an enzyme DNA polymerase during DNA replication.

What is the function of DNA polymerase?

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27.

In the structure of DNA, the super mega most important base pair rule is that A always goes with .

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28.

Since all living things have DNA, and all DNA is made of A, T, C, and G, what is responsible for the changes in traits and genes in the DNA?

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29.

What is the complementary (matching) strand?

(What is the other side?)

A C C T T G

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30.

Label the structures of a nucleotide:

Mmuae Afoforo a Wobɛpaw:
Nitrogen Base
Sugar
Phosphate