Single-stranded RNA molecules

Complex Lipids

Energy-rich ATP molecules

Structural carbohydrates

Self-replicating simple RNA molecules contained both the genetic code and could catalyze reactions, so life started with RNA that eventually became more complex DNA.

RNA is the only building block of life, and the world is actually made of RNA molecules instead of complex biomolecules.

Proteins were only able to build RNA molecules until the evolved strong enough to create double-stranded DNA molecules.

Cells originally contained RNA for genetic information until it mutated into a triple helix structure.

To test if RNA would form before DNA inside a closed system, in order to prove or disprove the RNA World Hypothesis.

To determine if bacteria cells could be grown inside a test tube without a constant supply of nutrients.

To create complex cells with DNA in the nucleus from electricity, proteins, and water.

To test the idea that the complex organic molecules of life (amino acids) could have come from ancient Earth's atmosphere through chemical reactions.

The scientists found that living organisms could form into more complex structures only if their simple structures were given time to heat and condense.

The scientists found that their experiment did not work because there was not enough electrical current to simulate electricity.

The scientists found that mitochondria were engulfed by eukaryotic cells when heated inside of the simulated ocean.

The scientists found that complex organic molecules (amino acids) came from simple chemical reactions without the need for oxygen.

It's the process of going from complex to simple

Because they both use viruses

It's the process of going from simple to complex

Because they both involve nucleic acids

The order of the Nitrogen Bases determines the gender of an organism.

The order of the Nitrogen Bases determines whether an organism is biotic or abiotic.

The order of the Nitrogen Bases determines the traits that an organism will have.

The order of the Nitrogen Bases determines the number of chromosomes present in an organism.

In the hydrogen bond between the two nitrogen bases.

The phosphate groups that makeup the backbone.

The deoxyribose sugar molecules that make up the backbone.

The sequence (order) of the nitrogen bases.

TCC AGT CCA

TGG ACT GGA

AGG TCA GGT

ACC UGA GGU

The cells contain DNA composed of adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine.

The cells rely on mitochondria to carry out aerobic cellular respiration.

The cells have chromosomes that are located inside a membrane-bound nucleus.

The cells are surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer and a cell wall made of cellulose.

The picture above shows the structure of a nucleotide and where it is found inside the nucleus.

The picture above shows the number of chromosomes found in a gene.

The picture above shows the combining of nucleotides during DNA replication.

The picture above shows the structure of DNA and how it forms the double helix shape.

The number of chromosomes.

The order of nitrogen bases.

The number of phosphates and sugars.

The size of the DNA strand.

The percentage of Thymine (T) is also 30%.

The percentage of Cytosine (C) is also 30%.

The percentage of Guanine (G) is also 30%.

The percentage of Thymine (T) is 70%.

All living things have the same order of nitrogen bases in their DNA.

All living things are made of cells that contain DNA.

All living things contain the same 4 nitrogen bases (A, T, C, and G).

All living things have DNA.

The nitrogen base

The type of fatty acid

The shape of the deoxyribose sugar

The length of the phosphate group