Copy of Tuesday (03/03) - Evidences of Evolution Quiz Academic (5/2/2026)

Two scientists studied patterns of evolution in the fossil record. Many species they analyzed showed periods of slow changes interrupted by a period of rapid change.

This pattern of periods of slow change interrupted by periods of rapid change with few, if any transitional fossils, best describes the theory of-

Scientists were constructing an evolutionary timeline of scorpions. The oldest species is Parioscorpio venator, which lived 437 million years ago and had a body length of 2.0 m (about 6.5 ft). Modern-day scorpions, such as Serradigitus wupatkiensis, are much small than their ancestors and are only 2.0 - 2.5 cm long. However, scientists have noted that the overall body structure of scorpions has remained about the same for the past 430 million years.

Which of the following conclusions is supported by this information?

During early stages of development, dolphin embryos begin to develop hind limbs. By the time dolphin fetuses are fully developed, the hind limbs have disappeared.

Which statement best describes the early development and then disappearance of the hind limbs in dolphins?

Observe the diagram below.

If two organisms look similar through embryological development, then which of the following must be TRUE?

Researchers analyzed a mitochondrial gene of different bat species to determine relatedness. A cladogram of their results is shown.

Based on the cladogram, which set of bat species is the least related?

READ THIS: Researchers studying populations of lizards from the genus Gallotia on the Canary Islands compared the protein "cytochrome b" (a really important protein that you need to survive) in different populations.

The table (below) shows the number of similarities in the cytochrome b protein between different populations.

Which conclusion about the relatedness of the lizards is supported by this data?

Cytochrome C is a protein that is found in the mitochondria of all aerobic eukaryotic cells. The gene sequence for cytochrome c has been mapped and analyzed for thousands of species. The table shows the percentage of the cytochrome c amino-acid sequence that different species have in common.

Which list is ordered from the species most closely related to the mouse to the species least closely related to the mouse?

Scientists can determine relatedness among organisms by comparing partial amino acid sequences. The table (below) shows four partial amino acid sequences from four different organisms.

Which organism is the LEAST related to the other three organisms?

Select your answer on the diagram below:

In 2010, scientists excavated a skull fossil that provides evidence of a newly discovered species of big cat.

Based on the evidence, scientists hypothesized that big cats branched off from smaller wild cats about 6 million years ago.

Which evidence best supports the hypothesis that big cats and smaller wild cats share a common ancestor?

Cytochrome c is a protein that helps release energy from food and is produced by nearly all organisms. The table shows a tall short sequence of the amino acids in cytochrome c for several species.

Identify the organism that is MOST CLOSELY related to tuna AND explain your reasoning using evidence from the table.

Think about the information carefully. Then enter your response in the box provided.

Part B

What evidence BEST supports the theory from Part A?

Part B

What evidence BEST supports the theory from Part A?