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Laabri

Copy of Unit 4 Test Review 25-26 (5/2/2026)

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33 Nsɛmmisa
Protein Synthesis
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explain the purpose and process of transcription and translation using models of DNA and RNA;
Mutations
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B.C.6E
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Gene Expression & Specialization
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9.

In the diagram, process A is . The purpose of process A is and it occurs in the

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10.

Proteins are essential molecules that perform many functions within cells. A diagram of protein synthesis is shown below.

Based on the image, the structure A is .

Structure B is a .

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11.

A sequence of a DNA template strand is shown below.

TAC AAT GCA GGC TTA

Which of these is the correct amino acid chain produced from the DNA template strand?

Step #1- you have to transcribe to mRNA first

The following questions has 2 parts. Answer Part A, then answer Part B

Given the DNA strand TAC ACA TTC

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12.

PART A

Which mRNA codon series corresponds to the DNA sequence?

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14.

Rework new version

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15.

The diagram below shows three types of mutations. Determine which type of mutation is shown in each box. Move ONE correct answer to each box. Not all answers will be used.

Mmuae Afoforo a Wobɛpaw:

Deletion

Translocation

Substitution

Insertion

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16.

The mutation above is...

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17.

A substitution mutation occur when... ( Edit picture)

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18.

What is a mutation?

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19.

When do mutations occur?

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20.

What type of mutation is shown above? (Edit Picture)

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21.

What type of mutation is shown above? (edit picture)

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22.

What type of mutation is shown above? (Edit the photo)

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23.

How many amino acids changed due to the mutation?

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24.

What type of mutation is shown above?

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25.

Is this a frameshift mutation

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26.

What type of mutation is shown above? (edit photo/ remove bases from end)

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27.

How many amino acids changed?

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28.

Is this a frameshift mutation?

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29.

In 1917 the biologist Thomas Hunt Morgan conducted studies in which he kept some caterpillars in the dark and placed some others under red, green, or blue lights.



Exposure to red light produced butterflies with brightly colored wings. Exposure to green light resulted in dark-colored wings. Exposure to blue light or no light resulted in pale-colored wings.


Based on the results, what was the most likely conclusion of Morgan's experiment?

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30.



Hair loss is caused whenever people do not produce enough keratin. However, an ointment called "Rogaine" can help with hair growth.


How does Rogaine help people grow their hair back?

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31.

CRISPR-Cas9 is a genetic modification technique that edits parts of the genome of an organism. Using this technique scientists can add, remove, or modify sections of the DNA sequence.


How can scientists use this technique to control gene expression?

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32.

Gene expression can be influenced by both internal and external factors. Based on either an internal or external stimulus for activation, a gene...

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33.

As differentiation progresses, the structure of the cell starts changing to suit its new role. For instance, muscle cells produce many more mitochondria that help generate energy for movement.


Nerve cells grow extensions called axons and dendrites, allowing them to send and receive messages throughout the body.

Even though all these cells originate from the same stem cell and contain the same DNA, their appearances and functions become highly specialized through the activation and expression of different genes at different times.

Why do cells that come from the same original stem cell look and act differently?

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1.

What molecule is labeled A?

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2.

What molecule is labeled B?

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3.

What is the name of PROCESS ONE?

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4.

If Process Two is taking place at a ribosome, what is Molecule D?

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5.

What is Molecule C?

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6.

Where did Molecule C come from?

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7.

What is the name of PROCESS TWO?

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8.

What is the name of the ENTIRE PROCESS that is depicted by this diagram? (Both Process One and Two together!)

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13.

PART B

Using the codon chart wheel shown, which is the correct amino acid chain for the mRNA codons from part A?