The diagram above depicts a diploid cell containing two pairs of homologous chromosomes. Assume that the cell undergoes meiosis. Given the law of independent assortment, what would be the possible genotypes of the gametes that result from meiosis?
In guinea pigs, black coat color (B) is dominant over white coat color (b) and short hair (S) is dominant over long hair (s). Based upon the dihybrid cross shown below, what is the genotype and phenotype for the offspring represented by the letter X?
Four different segments of a DNA molecule are represented above. In which segment(s) has an error occurred?
A diagram of a cellular processes is shown above. Which of the following terms correctly identifies the process shown at point Z?
During transcription, DNA base sequences are transcribed into complimentary mRNA sequences. A codon table like the one shown above indicates the amino acids coded for by particular triplets (codons) of mRNA bases.
A segment of DNA has undergone a substitution mutation in which one nucleotide has been changed. The complementary mRNA codon was originally ACG, but after the mutation the new codon is ACA. Use the chart above to determine whether or not this mutation will cause a change in the phenotype of the organism.
The diagram above illustrates an event called "crossing over" that commonly occurs during Meiosis I. Based on the diagram, which of the following statements best describes the important effect that this event has on the gametes produced by meiosis?
Genetic engineering has both positive and negative outcomes. One of the most common areas where genetic engineering is used is in agriculture. If farmers plant more genetically modified crops (GMOs) of the same species because they grow the fastest and largest fruit, which of the following negative outcomes could occur?
For a certain animal, black fur color is dominant over brown fur color. The pedigree below shows a cross between two individuals that have black fur. Which of the following must be true?
The diagram shows an incomplete pedigree for the inheritance of an autosomal dominant trait (G). With autosomal dominant traits, only one copy of the gene is needed for the trait to be inherited and expressed by offspring.
Move the shapes to complete the pedigree based the inheritance patterns for an autosomal dominant trait. (Each option will only be used once.)
This Punnett square shows the inheritance of flower color in snapdragon flowers.
Use the drop-down menus to explain the inheritance of flower color in snapdragons:
"The alleles for flower color show because both alleles are in individuals."
