Select the level on the energy pyramid that has the most energy.
Select the level on the energy pyramid that has the most energy.
The energy in the food produced by plants or taken into the bodies of animals must be changed into a form that cells can use. The energy-transferring molecule used by cells is .
Select the level on the energy pyramid that has the most energy.
Base your answer to the following question on the passage below which describes an ecosystem in New York State and on your knowledge of biology.
The Pine Bush ecosystem near Albany, New York, is one of the last known habitats of the nearly extinct Karner Blue butterfly. The butterfly's larvae feed on the wild green plant, lupine. The larvae are in turn consumed by predatory wasps. The four groups below represent other organisms living in this ecosystem.
The Karner Blue larvae belong in which group?
Select the bond that holds the maximum amount of energy. When this bond is broken, it releases maximum energy for cellular processes.
How can ADP be transformed into ATP?
The diagram represents the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
In which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?
Which statement best describes the use of ATP in this model?
Which of the following is not a factor that affects photosynthesis?
A potted plant is placed inside a clear, sealed vacuum container that has water pumped into it on a regular basis. The container is placed in the sun and the plant's growth is monitored. Which statement best describes what will most likely happen to the plant over time?
Fill in the formula for photosynthesis below.
6 + 6CO2 -----> + 6
Mike has four aquatic plants of the same size and same species. He submerged the plants in separate beakers filled with 200 ml of water. He then sets each beaker under a different intensity of light. Mike observes that, of the four plants, the plant with the beaker under the most intense light gives off the most gas bubbles in a 20-minute period. Which of the following statements best explains Mike's observations?
Two test tubes were filled with a solution of bromothymol blue. A student exhaled through a straw into each tube, and the bromothymol blue turned yellow. An aquatic green plant was placed into each tube, and the tubes were corked. One tube was placed in the dark, and one was placed in direct sunlight. The yellow solution in the tube in sunlight turned blue, while the one in the dark remained yellow.
Which statement best explains why the solution in the test tube placed in sunlight returned to a blue color?
Which of the following organism(s) performs cellular respiration?
What process releases energy from food molecules by producing ATP in the absence of oxygen?
A weightlifter is using heavy weights in short bursts for a competition. Because his muscle cells are not able to take enough oxygen to make very much ATP the weightlifter begins to get fatigue in his muscles.
Which of the following processes is most likely going on in the muscles of the weightlifter as he competes in his event?
Two different species of bacteria are examined. Scientists find that species X always produces CO2 and H2O during cellular respiration. Species Y always produces ethyl alcohol and CO2. Which conclusion can be made from these observations?
The graph below shows the rate of alcoholic fermentation for yeast at different temperatures.
*Click on the graph to enlarge.
According to the graph, what is the relationship between the rate of fermentation and temperature?
Many aquatic birds secrete waxy organic substances to repel water. The birds use these substances to coat their feathers. An analysis of these substances would reveal that they are composed mostly of
Muscle cells are responsible for obtaining energy so the body can perform voluntary and involuntary movements. Using your knowledge about organelles and muscles, how would a muscle cell be different from other types of animal cells?
Which macromolecule is the main component of cell membranes?
The Great Bird Migration
Each year, millions of birds, such as swans, geese, ducks, and many songbirds, take part in the seasonal movement between breeding and wintering locations. The map shows the range and migratory path of the tundra swan.
Birds migrate to move from areas of decreasing resources to areas of increasing resources. Food and nesting locations are the primary resources that determine long-distance migration. Birds that nest in the Northern Hemisphere tend to migrate northward in the spring to take advantage of growing insect populations, budding plants, and an abundance of nesting locations. As winter approaches and the availability of insects and other food drops, the birds move south again.
The Atlantic flyway is a bird migration route that goes through South Carolina. The tundra swan range is part of the Atlantic flyway. Each year, approximately 100,000 tundra swans migrate along this flyway from northern Alaska and Canada to the southern Atlantic coast. Most of them spend the winter in North Carolina, but several hundred tundra swans winter in the wetlands of the ACE basin in South Carolina.
The graph below represents climate conditions of the Tundra.
As the time to migrate approaches, birds exhibit physiological changes, such as increased muscle mass, increased fat storage, and changes in metabolism. Although birds accumulate fat reserves of up to 50% of their body weight in preparation for departure, the rigors of long-distance flight require most birds to rest and refuel several times before they reach their final destination. Without places along the way that provide an adequate food supply for the quick replenishment of fat reserves, shelter from predators, and water for rehydration—places referred to as stopover sites—these birds would be doomed.
As birds prepare for their migration, they go through many changes. Which equation shows the cellular process that occurs more as a bird prepares to fly thousands of kilometers?
The graph shows the oxygen consumed by an athlete during different stages of training.
*click to enlarge the graph
Based on the graph, which process is occurring between minute 5 and minute 10?
The picture shows a student’s experiment with Elodea, a common aquatic plant.
*click image to enlarge
Which change in this experiment is most likely to increase the volume of oxygen gas that accumulates in the top of the tube?
Green onions that are left in a dish of freshwater for several hours become stiff and remain standing upright. Therefore, the freshwater is because water is entering the cells to make them turgid (stiff). Similar green onions left in a saltwater solution become soft and wilt. The salt water is because water is exiting the cells to make them flaccid (soft).
A specific type of cell is being studied by a scientist. She notices the cell contains a nucleus, lysosomes, a cell membrane, and a cell wall. What is the correct classification of this cell?
During the electron transport chain ATP synthase participates in the chemical reaction to convert ADP into ATP. What type of molecule is ATP synthase?
What molecule is released during the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?
During cellular respiration, which reaction produces the most ATP?
An advertisement for a health supplement for dogs claims to build lean muscle and strengthen tendons and ligaments, as well as provide short-term energy. Which two biomolecules must the supplement contain to provide these benefits?
Which statement could explain the data shown in the graph?
