2nd Semester Biology Final CP 2017

1

If a man has a genotype of Ttyy, what are the possible genetic combinations that could be present in a single sperm?

Ty, ty

TY, ty

TY, Ty, ty

Ty, ty, tY, TY

1

Kermit and Bud are both green frogs. Kermit’s mom, however, was brown, making him heterozygous for the green gene. Bud is a purebred green frog. How will Kermit and Bud be affected by natural selection if green frogs have more effective camouflage?

Kermit will survive better than Bud

Bud will survive better than Kermit

Neither Kermit nor Bud will survive

Both Kermit and Bud will survive equally

1

Two similar chromosomes that you inherit from your parents (one from your mother, one from your father) are called

homologous chromosomes

sister chromatids

sex chromosomes

homozygous alleles

1

Tay Sachs is fatal for all individuals who have two mutated alleles (tt). How is it that the parents of Tay Sachs children are able to survive despite the fact that they possess a fatal gene?

The parents are protected by the dominant allele (T)

The parents are protected by the recessive allele (t)

The parents will eventually develop the disease

The parents take medication to prevent the disease

1

In quokkas, there is a rare recessive condition that causes the death of the baby before it is even born. In order for this disease to be passed from generation to generation, there must be parent quokkas that .

are homozygous dominant

are heterozygous for the disease

are closely interbred

have the disease themselves

1

The diagram best illustrates

intermediate inheritance

independent assortment

sex linkage and codominance

segregation and recombination

1

In pigeons, there is a rare inherited condition that causes the death of the chicks before hatching. In order for this disease to be passed from generation to generation there must be parent birds that:

are heterozygous for the disease

have the disease themselves

produce new mutations for this disease

are closely interbred

1

Which of the following phrases best describes the function of meiosis?

conserves chromosome number, produces genetically identical cells

conserves chromosome number, produces haploid cells

reduces chromosome number by half, produces diploid cells

reduces chromosome number by half, produces gametes

1

Which of the following cell types is haploid?

liver cell

skin cell

sperm cell

somatic cell

1

For an XX female to express a recessive sex-linked trait that is only founded on the X chromosome, she must have

a Y chromosome

an inactivated allele

two recessive alleles

two dominant alleles

1

Suppose female 5 has children with a male who is heterozygous for the alleles of this trait. What are the possible genotypes of their offspring?

WW, ww

Only Ww

WW, Ww, ww

Only ww

1

What is the genotype of person 1?

WW

Ww

ww

1

A couple has 5 children, all sons. If the woman gives birth to a sixth child, what is the probability that the sixth child will be a son?

5/6

1/2

1/6

3/4

1

If 2n = 48 for a particular cell, then the chromosome number in each cell after meiosis would be

96

48

24

12

1

A genetic disorder due to a recessive allele (a) is lethal in homozygous individuals (aa), whereas heterozygous individuals (Aa) have no symptoms. Based on this information, which of the following is likely to result?

The disorder will quickly be eliminated since no recessive homozygotes will survive to reproduce

The disorder will be maintained in the population through the reproduction of heterozygotes

Only homozygous dominant (AA) individuals will survive

The prevalence of the disorder will increase over time.

1

The diagram above shows Rosalind Franklin’s x-ray diffraction image of DNA.

It was used to determine the physical structure of DNA.

It was used to identify the four bases that make up DNA

It was used to develop the theory of independent assortment

It was used to show that DNA was the molecule of inheritance

1

Only _ cells undergo meiosis to produce _________ sperm and eggs

Sex, diploid (2n)

Somatic, haploid (n)

Sex, haploid (n)

Somatic, diploid (2n)

1

Fertilization is best expressed in terms of chromosome number by which of the following?

2n-->2 n

2n--> n + n

n + n --> 2n

n --> n

1

If an animal has a diploid number of 30 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will there be in an unfertilized egg or a sperm?

15

30

60

0

1

Which statement correctly describes the normal number and type of chromosomes present in human body cells of a particular sex?

Males have 22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes known as XY

Males have 22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes known as XX

Females have 23 pairs of autosomes

Males have 23 pairs of autosomes

1

A child will be a girl if

it receives a Y chromosome from its mother

it receives an X chromosome from its father

it receives a Y chromosome from its father

it receives an X chromosome and a Y chromosome from its mother

1

When producing proteins, which would be the best choice for sequence?

ribosomes → mRNA → DNA → protein

mRNA → ribosomes → DNA → protein

DNA → mRNA → ribosomes → protein

ribosomes → DNA → mRNA → protein

1

Which of the following would most likely cause a mutation?

The placement of ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum

The insertion of a nucleotide into DNA

The movement of transfer RNA out of the nucleus

The release of messenger RNA from DNA

1

The original sequence of DNA was ACT GGA GGG CAC but when the DNA was replicated an error occurred and the replicated sequence became ACT GA GGG CAC. What could happen because of this?

If this mutation is in a gamete it may be passed on to a offspring

It may alter the function of a protein

It may cause a cell to become cancerous.

All of the above

1

A strand of mRNA containing the repeating sequence AAGAAGAAGAAG could code for which of the following amino acid sequences?

lys – arg – glu – lys

ser – ser – glu – glu

lys – arg – lys – arg

lys – lys – lys – lys

1

In the mRNA sequence 5’ UACGCUAAGAUC 3’ , which amino acids are coded?

Tyr –Ala – Lys - Iso

Try - Ala

Lys – Tyr – Iso - Ala

Ala – Lys - Iso

1

The original sequence of DNA was ACT GGA GGG CAC but when the DNA was replicated an error occurred and the replicated sequence became ACT GA GGG CAC. What happened?

A deletion mutation

Cancer

An insertion mutation

Fracture mutation

1

Which statement regarding DNA is true?

Skin cells only contain the portions of DNA that contain the genes they need.

The DNA in your skin cells is different from the DNA in your kidney cells.

The DNA in your skin cells came from your mother and the DNA in your kidney cells came from your father.

The DNA in your skin cells is the same as the DNA in your kidney cells.

1

Which best describes RNA?

Single-stranded & contains uracil and ribose

Single-stranded & contains thymine and ribose

Double-stranded & contains uracil and ribose

Single-stranded & contains thymine and deoxyribose

1

In the figure below, what is labeled as “X”

RNA

a nucleotide

a phosphate group

an amino acid

1

Use the following mRNA sequence to determine the original DNA sequence on the gene.
mRNA A - U - C - U - A

U - A - G - A - U

T - A - G - A - U

T - A - G - A - T

U - U - G - U - T

1

This segment of DNA below has undergone a mutation in which three nucleotides have been deleted.
5’ G T A _ _ _ A A 3’
3’ C A T G C A T T 5’
A repair enzyme would replace them with

C G T

G C A

C T G

G T A

1

A group of 20 senior citizens with arthritis pain are divided into 2 equal groups of 10. The 10 subjects in group A are given 60 mg/day of a new medicine while the 10 subjects in group B are given 120 mg./day. Group A 60 mg/day
Group B 120 mg/day
After 6 months both groups no longer experience any arthritis pain. What could have been done differently to have made this experiment more valid?

Create a third group C that is given 90 mg./day of the new medicine.

Create a third group C that is given 180 mg./day of the new medicine.

Create a third control group C that is given none of the new medicine.

Increase the duration of the test to 2 weeks.

1

A species of snakes in the Amazon Rain Forest are generally found to prefer hunting white mice. However when there is not enough food, they will hunt dark mice as well. A scientist makes the suggestion that if there are poor hunting conditions, then snakes will eat both types of colored mice because they can readily adapt their appetite. This suggestion is a

result

theory

procedure

hypothesis

1

#39 is pointing to

codon

anticodon

tRNA

amino acid

1

Questions 44-45 refer to the birth of a child with blood type A to a mother with blood type B

1

The father must have which of the following blood types?

1

If the father has blood type AB, which of the following statements is correct about the mother?

She contributes an IB allele, which is recessive to the father's IA allele.

She contributes an i allele which is recessive to the father's IA allele.

She contributes an IB allele which is codominant to the father's IA allele.

She contributes an allele that is codominant to the father's IB allele.

She is homozygous for the IB allele.

1

Gumball is Bb and has blue fur. His genotype is _ and his phenotype is _.

Pink, Tall

Blue, tall

Bb, Blue

Blue, Bb

1

Princess Bubblegum has type AB blood. She marries Phinn who is type O blood. She wants to know how many of their children will have her blood type AB.

1

Using the illustration above, cross a pink flower with a white flower. What percentage of the flowers will come out white?

1

Using the illustration above, cross a pink flower with a pink flower. What percentage of the offspring will be red?

1

In the world of the Simpsons, blue hair is a dominat trait and bald hair is recessive trait. The people of Springfield get special benefits for having blue hair. If Marge is homozygous for blue hair and Homer has a bald head, what are their chances of producing a child with blue hair?

1

During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell divide into 2?

Interphase

Mitosis

Cytokinesis

G1

1

#51 is pointing to

chromosome

centromere

chromatid

arm

1

Multicellular organisms use mitosis for growth, development, and

apoptosis.

repair.

reproduction.

interphase.

1

One difference between a cancer cell and a normal cell is that

cancer cells divide uncontrollably.

normal cells divide uncontrollably.

cancer cells cannot make copies of DNA

normal cells cannot make copies of DNA.

1

Why do the cells lining the stomach divide more quickly than those in the liver?

They are much smaller cells.

They have fewer chromosomes.

They need much more surface area.

They undergo more wear and tear.

1

This is a karyotype of a

female

male

1

In the reading above, what is the meaning of the term "selective advantage"?

1

Explain what environmental factor influenced the change in color of the peppered moth.

1

Describe Kettlewell's experiment with the peppered moths.

1

What was the selective pressure in the experiment above?

1

Describe the trend of the peppered moth using the graph above.

1

Based on the graph above, in which year were both colored moths equal?

1

2nd Semester Biology Final CP 2017

If a man has a genotype of Ttyy, what are the possible genetic combinations that could be present in a single sperm?

Kermit and Bud are both green frogs. Kermit’s mom, however, was brown, making him heterozygous for the green gene. Bud is a purebred green frog. How will Kermit and Bud be affected by natural selection if green frogs have more effective camouflage?

Two similar chromosomes that you inherit from your parents (one from your mother, one from your father) are called

Tay Sachs is fatal for all individuals who have two mutated alleles (tt). How is it that the parents of Tay Sachs children are able to survive despite the fact that they possess a fatal gene?

In quokkas, there is a rare recessive condition that causes the death of the baby before it is even born. In order for this disease to be passed from generation to generation, there must be parent quokkas that .

The diagram best illustrates

In pigeons, there is a rare inherited condition that causes the death of the chicks before hatching. In order for this disease to be passed from generation to generation there must be parent birds that:

Which of the following phrases best describes the function of meiosis?

Which of the following cell types is haploid?

For an XX female to express a recessive sex-linked trait that is only founded on the X chromosome, she must have

Suppose female 5 has children with a male who is heterozygous for the alleles of this trait. What are the possible genotypes of their offspring?

What is the genotype of person 1?

A couple has 5 children, all sons. If the woman gives birth to a sixth child, what is the probability that the sixth child will be a son?

If 2n = 48 for a particular cell, then the chromosome number in each cell after meiosis would be

A genetic disorder due to a recessive allele (a) is lethal in homozygous individuals (aa), whereas heterozygous individuals (Aa) have no symptoms. Based on this information, which of the following is likely to result?

The diagram above shows Rosalind Franklin’s x-ray diffraction image of DNA.

Only _______ cells undergo meiosis to produce _______________ sperm and eggs

Fertilization is best expressed in terms of chromosome number by which of the following?

If an animal has a diploid number of 30 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will there be in an unfertilized egg or a sperm?

Which statement correctly describes the normal number and type of chromosomes present in human body cells of a particular sex?

A child will be a girl if

When producing proteins, which would be the best choice for sequence?

Which of the following would most likely cause a mutation?

The original sequence of DNA was ACT GGA GGG CAC but when the DNA was replicated an error occurred and the replicated sequence became ACT GA GGG CAC. What could happen because of this?

A strand of mRNA containing the repeating sequence AAGAAGAAGAAG could code for which of the following amino acid sequences?

In the mRNA sequence 5’ UACGCUAAGAUC 3’ , which amino acids are coded?

The original sequence of DNA was ACT GGA GGG CAC but when the DNA was replicated an error occurred and the replicated sequence became ACT GA GGG CAC. What happened?

Which statement regarding DNA is true?

Which best describes RNA?

In the figure below, what is labeled as “X”

Use the following mRNA sequence to determine the original DNA sequence on the gene. mRNA A - U - C - U - A

This segment of DNA below has undergone a mutation in which three nucleotides have been deleted. 5’ G T A _ _ _ A A 3’ 3’ C A T G C A T T 5’ A repair enzyme would replace them with

#39 is pointing to

The father must have which of the following blood types?

If the father has blood type AB, which of the following statements is correct about the mother?

Gumball is Bb and has blue fur. His genotype is ___________ and his phenotype is ___________.

Princess Bubblegum has type AB blood. She marries Phinn who is type O blood. She wants to know how many of their children will have her blood type AB.

Using the illustration above, cross a pink flower with a white flower. What percentage of the flowers will come out white?

Using the illustration above, cross a pink flower with a pink flower. What percentage of the offspring will be red?

In the world of the Simpsons, blue hair is a dominat trait and bald hair is recessive trait. The people of Springfield get special benefits for having blue hair. If Marge is homozygous for blue hair and Homer has a bald head, what are their chances of producing a child with blue hair?

During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell divide into 2?

#51 is pointing to

Multicellular organisms use mitosis for growth, development, and

One difference between a cancer cell and a normal cell is that

Why do the cells lining the stomach divide more quickly than those in the liver?

This is a karyotype of a

In the reading above, what is the meaning of the term "selective advantage"?

Explain what environmental factor influenced the change in color of the peppered moth.

Describe Kettlewell's experiment with the peppered moths.

What was the selective pressure in the experiment above?

Describe the trend of the peppered moth using the graph above.

Based on the graph above, in which year were both colored moths equal?

Based on the graph above, what can you conclude about the environment and the color of the peppered moth.

If a man has a genotype of Ttyy, what are the possible genetic combinations that could be present in a single sperm?

Kermit and Bud are both green frogs. Kermit’s mom, however, was brown, making him heterozygous for the green gene. Bud is a purebred green frog. How will Kermit and Bud be affected by natural selection if green frogs have more effective camouflage?

Two similar chromosomes that you inherit from your parents (one from your mother, one from your father) are called

Tay Sachs is fatal for all individuals who have two mutated alleles (tt). How is it that the parents of Tay Sachs children are able to survive despite the fact that they possess a fatal gene?

In quokkas, there is a rare recessive condition that causes the death of the baby before it is even born. In order for this disease to be passed from generation to generation, there must be parent quokkas that .

The diagram best illustrates

In pigeons, there is a rare inherited condition that causes the death of the chicks before hatching. In order for this disease to be passed from generation to generation there must be parent birds that:

Which of the following phrases best describes the function of meiosis?

Which of the following cell types is haploid?

For an XX female to express a recessive sex-linked trait that is only founded on the X chromosome, she must have

Suppose female 5 has children with a male who is heterozygous for the alleles of this trait. What are the possible genotypes of their offspring?

What is the genotype of person 1?

A couple has 5 children, all sons. If the woman gives birth to a sixth child, what is the probability that the sixth child will be a son?

If 2n = 48 for a particular cell, then the chromosome number in each cell after meiosis would be

A genetic disorder due to a recessive allele (a) is lethal in homozygous individuals (aa), whereas heterozygous individuals (Aa) have no symptoms. Based on this information, which of the following is likely to result?

The diagram above shows Rosalind Franklin’s x-ray diffraction image of DNA.

Only _______ cells undergo meiosis to produce _______________ sperm and eggs

Fertilization is best expressed in terms of chromosome number by which of the following?

If an animal has a diploid number of 30 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will there be in an unfertilized egg or a sperm?

Which statement correctly describes the normal number and type of chromosomes present in human body cells of a particular sex?

A child will be a girl if

When producing proteins, which would be the best choice for sequence?

Which of the following would most likely cause a mutation?

The original sequence of DNA was ACT GGA GGG CAC but when the DNA was replicated an error occurred and the replicated sequence became ACT GA GGG CAC. What could happen because of this?

A strand of mRNA containing the repeating sequence AAGAAGAAGAAG could code for which of the following amino acid sequences?

Only _ cells undergo meiosis to produce _________ sperm and eggs

Use the following mRNA sequence to determine the original DNA sequence on the gene.
mRNA A - U - C - U - A

This segment of DNA below has undergone a mutation in which three nucleotides have been deleted.
5’ G T A _ _ _ A A 3’
3’ C A T G C A T T 5’
A repair enzyme would replace them with

Gumball is Bb and has blue fur. His genotype is _ and his phenotype is _.

Only _ cells undergo meiosis to produce _________ sperm and eggs

Use the following mRNA sequence to determine the original DNA sequence on the gene.
mRNA A - U - C - U - A

This segment of DNA below has undergone a mutation in which three nucleotides have been deleted.
5’ G T A _ _ _ A A 3’
3’ C A T G C A T T 5’
A repair enzyme would replace them with

Gumball is Bb and has blue fur. His genotype is _ and his phenotype is _.