Review and Virtual Labs - Diffusion and Osmosis

Posljednje ažuriranje about 7 years ago

Review

https://www.wisc-online.com/learn/natural-science/life-science/ap1903/the-cell-passive-transport-diffusion

After viewing the following video about diffusion, answer the 5 multiple choice questions.

http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_diffusion_works.html

PART C: Osmosis Review. Go to the following link. Complete the questions below while you go through the simulation on osmosis.

https://www.wisc-online.com/learn/natural-science/life-science/ap11003/the-cell-passive-transport-osmosis

PART D:

Go to: http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_osmosis_works.html

After the Osmosis video answer the 5 questions below:

PART E: Hypotonic vs Isotonic vs Hypertonic Solutions

Go to the following hyperlink:

http://www.glencoe.com/sites/common_assets/science/virtual_labs/LS03/LS03.html

Read the general information on the side panel which also has instructins for how to do the lab. Move each of the specimens into the three solutions and record your observations in the next question boxes.

Summary comparing and contrasting plant cell vs animal cell in the three solutions:

PART F: Movement of particles in solids and liquids

Review and Virtual Labs - Diffusion and Osmosis

Posljednje ažuriranje about 7 years ago

Review

PART A: Diffusion Review . Go to the following link. Complete the questions #1-7 while you go through the simulation on diffusion

https://www.wisc-online.com/learn/natural-science/life-science/ap1903/the-cell-passive-transport-diffusion

Diffusion is

A active transport of particles across the cell membrane.

B passive transport of particles across the cell membrane.

At the very beginning, how does the concentration of the blue particles on Side A compare to that of Side B?

A greater on Side A compared to Side B

B greater on Side B compared to Side A

C it is the same

Kinetic energy allows molecules to

A collide with the wall of the container.

B collide with each other.

C go through a membrane pore.

D A, B, and C are all correct

Net diffusion moves down the concentration gradient from areas of

A lower concentration to areas of higher concentration.

B higher concentration to areas of lower concentration.

Eventually the two sides will come to equilibrium which is when the concentration of particles are equal on both sides.

Tačno

Netačno

What happens to the movement of molecules when the temperature is raised?

A they move faster, but still down a concentration gradient until equilibrium is reached

B they move faster against the concentration gradient

C movement remains the same

What happens to the movement of molecules when their temperature is lowered?

A move slower against the concentration gradient

B move slower, but still down the concentration gradient until equilibrium is reached

C movement remains the same

After viewing the following video about diffusion, answer the 5 multiple choice questions.

http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_diffusion_works.html

Video Diffusion Q1: Simple diffusion is defined as the movement of

A molecules from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration.

B molecules from areas of lower concentration to areas of higher concentration.

C water molecules across a membrane.

D gas molecules across a membrance.

E gas or water molecules across a membrane.

Video Diffusion Q2: When sugar is mixed with water, equilibrium is reached when

A molecules of sugar stop moving.

B water and sugar molecules are moving at the same rate.

C the dissolved sugar molecules are evenly distributed throughout the solution.

D there are the same number of water molecules as dissolved sugar molecules.

E two tablespoons of coffee are added.

Video Diffusion Q3: The rate of diffusion is affected by which of the following?

Video Diffusion Q4: The molecules in a solid lump of sugar do not move.

A True

B False

Video Diffusion Q5: Diffusion is one of the processes whereby materials are exchanged between a cell and its environment.

A True

B False

PART C: Osmosis Review. Go to the following link. Complete the questions below while you go through the simulation on osmosis.

https://www.wisc-online.com/learn/natural-science/life-science/ap11003/the-cell-passive-transport-osmosis

Osmosis is

A active transport.

B passive transport.

Compared to simple diffusion which is the movement of particles, osmosis is only the movement of water through a semipermeable membrane.

Tačno

Netačno

The dashed line in the beaker separating the two sides represents the semipermeable membrane.

Tačno

Netačno

Why is the assumption made that the large molecules will stay on their own side of the membrane?

A They are too large to go through the semipermeable membrane.

B They are too small.

C They are wrong, the molecules will move through the semipermeable membrane.

Because molecules will move from one side to another to come into equilibrium, the concentration of water moves from side B to side A. Therefore, the water level on side A goes

A down.

B up.

C stays the same.

In living organisms, cells must be in an ____________ solution where water leaves and enters the cell at the same rate.

A hypotonic

B hypertonic

C isotonic

If a cell is placed in an hypertonic environment (you need to click on the "View Movie" in the simulation to observe), then an animal cell will

A swell until it bursts, because water is moving into the cell.

B shrink until it dies, because water is moving out of the cell.

C stay the same, because there is equal movement of water into and out of the cell.

If a cell is placed in an hypotonic environment (you need to click on the "View Movie" in the simulation to observe), then an animal cell will

A swell until it bursts, because water is moving into the cell.

B shrink until it dies, because water is moving out of the cell.

C stay the same, because there is equal movement of water into and out of the cell.

PART D:

Go to: http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_osmosis_works.html

After the Osmosis video answer the 5 questions below:

Video Osmosis Q1: Osmosis is best defined as the movement of

A molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration.

B molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of higher concentration.

C water molecules across a membrane from an area of low water to an area of higher concentration.

D water molecules across a membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of lower concentration.

E water molecules inside a container.

Video Osmosis Q2: Which of the following will pass through a cell membrane most easily?

Paramecium (single celled prokaryote) - appearance in hypertonic solution

A swells

B stays the same size

C shrinks

Paramecium (single celled prokaryote) - new movement of water in a hypertonic solution

A out

B in and out at the same rate

C in

Summary comparing and contrasting plant cell vs animal cell in the three solutions:

	Hypotonic Solution	Hypertonic Solution
Plant Cell - Elodea	the central vacule swells, but the cell wall prevents the cell from bursting	inside of cell shrinks and pulls away from the cell wall; cell walls stay in place
Animal Cell - Human blood	swells and eventually lyses (breaks apart)	cell shrinks and gets smaller and smaller until it dies

Paramecium belong to the Kingdom Protista. Since you observed how the paramecium responded in the different solutions, predict whether paramecium are more closely related to the Animal Kingdom or the Plant Kingdom.

A Animal Kingdom, because the cell swelled and shrunk like the human blood cell.

B Plant Kingdom, because the inside of the cell shrunk, but the size of the paramecium remained the same.

Review Question: All three of these cells share the following characteristics: have a cell membrane, have cytoplasm, have genetic material, and have ribosomes.

Tačno

Netačno

If you were sick and in the hospital, especially with something like the flu where you might become dehydrated, you may receive an IV of saline solution to return your body to homeostasis. What is the concentration of the IV saline (salt) solution?

The concentration of salt is 0.9% in human red blood cells.

A There isn't enough information to answer the question.

B The concentration would be greater than 1%.

C The concentration would be 0.9%.

D The concentration would be less than 0.5%.

Often movies or stories tell about a person ship-wrecked on an island or stranded on a life raft in the ocean without any access to fresh water. Explain why drinking the ocean water isn't a good idea.

The concentration of salt averages between 3 to 4% in ocean sea water.

A The ocean water is a hypotonic solution compared to human blood, so blood cells would swell and burst, causing death.

B The ocean water is an isotonic solution compared to human blood, so water would move equally into and out of the cells.

C The ocean water is an hypertonic solution compared to human blood, so blood cells would shrink until death occurred.

PART F: Movement of particles in solids and liquids

Based on what you learned from this video "The Effect of Molecular Weight on Rate of Diffusion" comparing a hydrogen molecule and a oxygen molecule, predict whether methylene blue, blue dye, C16H18ClN3S , molecules diffusses faster than potassium permanganate, purple dye, KMnO4.

Look at the molecular formula of each substance

A Methylene blue is a larger compound than potassium permanganate, so methylene blue diffuses slower.

B Potassium permanganate is a larger compound than methylene blue, so potassium permanganate diffuses slower.

After viewing "Diffusion Through a Semi-permeable Membrane", answer the next questions.
Where is the iodine at the start of the experiment?

A outside the bag in the beaker mixed with water

B inside the bag

Where are the starch molecules?

A inside the bag

B outside the bag in the beaker

Why are the starch molecules confined to the bag?

A they are too small to pass through the membrane

B they are too large to pass through the membrane

C they don't like iodine, so they stay inside the bag

What is the final color of the solution inside the bag and why?

A Dark blue because the iodine molecules are small enough to diffuse across the membrane and react with the starch molecules that are too big to cross the membrane causing the color change.

B Dark blue because the starch molecules are large and they moved across the membrane into the beaker away from the iodine causing the color change on the way out.

C Dark blue because that is the color starch turns when it is exposed to air.

What would happen if the starch molecules could pass out of the bag?

A the solution inside and outside the bag would change color, because they would move until they reached equilibrium

B the results would be the same, the bag would change color, but not the solution

C the results would be the reverse, only the solution would change color, and the inside of the bag wouldn't change color

Based on the information from these experiments, speculate on whether a sulfate ion would move across the dialysis membrane.

A Yes, because it is small like the water and iodine.

B No, because it is too large like the starch molecules.

Based on the information from these experiments, speculate on whether a large protein molecule would be able to move across the dialysis membrane.

A Yes, because it is small like water and iodine.

B No, because it is too large like the starch molecules.

Review: Some of the substances were permeable (able to pass through) to the dialysis tubing. Which ones?

A starch

B iodine

C starch and iodine

Review: In each case, the molecules moved from a lower to a higher concentration.

read the question carefully, don't let me trick you

Tačno

Netačno

Review: Proteins and starch are macromolecules. Explain what the prefix "macro" tells you about these molecules compared to the prefix "micro".

A Micro- means large, so protein and starch are small molecules.

B Micro- means small, so protein and starch are large molecules.

Review and Virtual Labs - Diffusion and Osmosis

Review and Virtual Labs - Diffusion and Osmosis

Diffusion is

At the very beginning, how does the concentration of the blue particles on Side A compare to that of Side B?

Kinetic energy allows molecules to

Net diffusion moves down the concentration gradient from areas of

Eventually the two sides will come to equilibrium which is when the concentration of particles are equal on both sides.

What happens to the movement of molecules when the temperature is raised?

What happens to the movement of molecules when their temperature is lowered?

Video Diffusion Q1: Simple diffusion is defined as the movement of

Video Diffusion Q2: When sugar is mixed with water, equilibrium is reached when

Video Diffusion Q3: The rate of diffusion is affected by which of the following?

Video Diffusion Q4: The molecules in a solid lump of sugar do not move.

Video Diffusion Q5: Diffusion is one of the processes whereby materials are exchanged between a cell and its environment.

Osmosis is

Compared to simple diffusion which is the movement of particles, osmosis is only the movement of water through a semipermeable membrane.

The dashed line in the beaker separating the two sides represents the semipermeable membrane.

Why is the assumption made that the large molecules will stay on their own side of the membrane?

Because molecules will move from one side to another to come into equilibrium, the concentration of water moves from side B to side A. Therefore, the water level on side A goes

In living organisms, cells must be in an ____________ solution where water leaves and enters the cell at the same rate.

If a cell is placed in an hypertonic environment (you need to click on the "View Movie" in the simulation to observe), then an animal cell will

If a cell is placed in an hypotonic environment (you need to click on the "View Movie" in the simulation to observe), then an animal cell will

Video Osmosis Q1: Osmosis is best defined as the movement of

Video Osmosis Q2: Which of the following will pass through a cell membrane most easily?

Video Osmosis Q3: A red blood cell placed in a hypertonic medium will

Video Osmosis Q4: A 5% urea solution is hypotonic to a 10% urea solution.

Video Osmosis Q5: If a cell is placed in an isotonic medium, there will be no net movement of water.

Human blood cell - appearance in hypotonic solution

Human blood cell - net movement of water in hypotonic solution

Human blood cell - appearance in isotonic solution

Human blood cell - net movement of water in isotonic solution

Human blood cell - appearance in hypertonic solution

Human blood cell - net movement of water in hypertonic solution

Elodea (plant cell) - appearance in hypotonic solution

Elodea (plant cell) - net movement of water in hypotonic solution

Elodea (plant cell) - appearance in isotonic solution

Elodea (plant cell) - net movement of water in isotonic solution

Elodea (plant cell) - appearance in hypertonic solution

Elodea (plant cell) - new movement of water in hypertonic solution

Paramecium (single celled prokaryote) - appearance in hypotonic solution

Paramecium (single celled prokaryote) - net movement of water in hypotonic solution

Paramecium (single celled prokaryote) - appearance in isotonic solution

Paramecium (single celled prokaryote) - new movement of water in an isotonic solution

Paramecium (single celled prokaryote) - appearance in hypertonic solution

Paramecium (single celled prokaryote) - new movement of water in a hypertonic solution

Paramecium belong to the Kingdom Protista. Since you observed how the paramecium responded in the different solutions, predict whether paramecium are more closely related to the Animal Kingdom or the Plant Kingdom.

Review Question: All three of these cells share the following characteristics: have a cell membrane, have cytoplasm, have genetic material, and have ribosomes.

If you were sick and in the hospital, especially with something like the flu where you might become dehydrated, you may receive an IV of saline solution to return your body to homeostasis. What is the concentration of the IV saline (salt) solution?

Often movies or stories tell about a person ship-wrecked on an island or stranded on a life raft in the ocean without any access to fresh water. Explain why drinking the ocean water isn't a good idea.

Based on what you learned from this video "The Effect of Molecular Weight on Rate of Diffusion" comparing a hydrogen molecule and a oxygen molecule, predict whether methylene blue, blue dye, C16H18ClN3S , molecules diffusses faster than potassium permanganate, purple dye, KMnO4.

After viewing "Diffusion Through a Semi-permeable Membrane", answer the next questions.Where is the iodine at the start of the experiment?

Where are the starch molecules?

Why are the starch molecules confined to the bag?

What is the final color of the solution inside the bag and why?

What would happen if the starch molecules could pass out of the bag?

Based on the information from these experiments, speculate on whether a sulfate ion would move across the dialysis membrane.

Based on the information from these experiments, speculate on whether a large protein molecule would be able to move across the dialysis membrane.

Review: Some of the substances were permeable (able to pass through) to the dialysis tubing. Which ones?

Review: In each case, the molecules moved from a lower to a higher concentration.

Review: Proteins and starch are macromolecules. Explain what the prefix "macro" tells you about these molecules compared to the prefix "micro".

Diffusion is

At the very beginning, how does the concentration of the blue particles on Side A compare to that of Side B?

Kinetic energy allows molecules to

Net diffusion moves down the concentration gradient from areas of

Eventually the two sides will come to equilibrium which is when the concentration of particles are equal on both sides.

What happens to the movement of molecules when the temperature is raised?

What happens to the movement of molecules when their temperature is lowered?

Video Diffusion Q1: Simple diffusion is defined as the movement of

Video Diffusion Q2: When sugar is mixed with water, equilibrium is reached when

Video Diffusion Q3: The rate of diffusion is affected by which of the following?

Video Diffusion Q4: The molecules in a solid lump of sugar do not move.

Video Diffusion Q5: Diffusion is one of the processes whereby materials are exchanged between a cell and its environment.

Osmosis is

Compared to simple diffusion which is the movement of particles, osmosis is only the movement of water through a semipermeable membrane.

The dashed line in the beaker separating the two sides represents the semipermeable membrane.

Why is the assumption made that the large molecules will stay on their own side of the membrane?

Because molecules will move from one side to another to come into equilibrium, the concentration of water moves from side B to side A. Therefore, the water level on side A goes

In living organisms, cells must be in an ____________ solution where water leaves and enters the cell at the same rate.

If a cell is placed in an hypertonic environment (you need to click on the "View Movie" in the simulation to observe), then an animal cell will

If a cell is placed in an hypotonic environment (you need to click on the "View Movie" in the simulation to observe), then an animal cell will

After viewing "Diffusion Through a Semi-permeable Membrane", answer the next questions.
Where is the iodine at the start of the experiment?

After viewing "Diffusion Through a Semi-permeable Membrane", answer the next questions.
Where is the iodine at the start of the experiment?