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What occurs between atoms that do not easily lose electrons?
A. metallic bonding
B. super bonding
C. covalent bonding
D. ionic bonding
What can group numbers on the periodic table help you determine?
A. the number of valence electrons
B. the number of electrons
C. the number of protons
D. the number of neutrons
What do atoms gain, lose or share when they bond?
A. protons
B. neutrons
C. electrons
D. atoms
How many valence electrons does helium need to have a full valence level?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 4
D. 8
What is a bond that forms when electrons are transferred from one atom to another?
A. ionic bond
B. crystal bond
C. electron bond
D. atom bond
What are the charged particles that form when atoms gain or lose electrons?
A. bonds
B. ions
C. atoms
D. quarks
What does a sodium atom become when it loses its only valence electron?
A. sodium compound
B. ionic compound
C. sodium atom
D. sodium ion
What is the charge of an aluminum ion that has 13 protons and 10 electrons?
A. 1+
B. 2+
C. 3+
D. 3-
If the ending -ide is added to the name of an ion, what do we know about the ion?
A. The ion has a positive charge.
B. The ion has a negative charge.
C. The ion has a neutral charge.
D. The atom lost electrons.
What is the name of the three dimensional pattern that forms when ions bond?
A. crystal lattice
B. chemical compound
C. ionic bond
D. ionic lattice
Most molecules are composed of what?
A. one or more elements
B. two or more elements
C. three or more elements
D. four or more elements
Why can metals bend without breaking?
A. Metals contain positively charged ions.
B. Metals contain constantly moving electrons.
C. Metals contain ionic bonds.
D. Metals contain moving ions.
How are electrons in an atom organized?
A. energy levels
B. valence levels
C. groups
D. periods
What are the only parts of an atom that make chemical bonds?
A. protons in the nucleus
B. neutrons in the nucleus
C. electrons in the nucleus
D. valence electrons
What is the same within each group on the periodic table?
A. number of protons
B. number of electrons
C. number of atoms
D. number of valence electrons
Why don't noble gases normally form chemical bonds?
A. They have 2 valence electrons.
B. They have a full valence level.
C. They have an empty valence level.
D. They have 8 protons.
What is the charge of a sodium ion with 11 protons and 10 electrons?
A. 1+
B. 2+
C. 1-
D. 2-
The more easily an atom gains an electron, what does it release more of?
A. atoms
B. energy
C. electrons
D. protons
What is the smallest particle into which a covalently bonded compound can be divided and still be the same compound?
A. molecule
B. atom
C. electron
D. proton
What are the elements found in nature as diatomic molecules called?
A. compound molecules
B. diatomic elements
C. ions
D. particles
Which of the following is NOT an example of a diatomic element?
A. hydrogen
B. nitrogen
C. oxygen
D. helium
What allows metals to bond?
A. overlapping valence levels
B. a low number of valence electrons
C. a large number of valence electrons
D. ions
Which of the following properties of a metal means that it can be drawn into wires?
A. conductivity
B. malleability
C. ductility
D. flexibility
Which of the following represents the number of protons in an atom?
A. proton number
B. atomic number
C. mass number
D. nuclear number
How many electrons fill the valence level of an atom?
A. 4
B. 6
C. 8
D. 10
Which of the following statements describes a chemical change?
A. A gas is given off when a liquid boils.
B. A solid forms when a liquid freezes.
C. A new substance is formed with different properties.
D. A solid dissolves in a liquid.
Which of the following is NOT a sign of a chemical reaction?
A. gas formation
B. solid formation
C. energy change
D. state change
Which of the following occurs when water freezes?
A. a physical change
B. a chemical reaction
C. a chemical bond
D. a diatomic bond
What is the force that holds two atoms together called?
A. a chemical solution
B. a chemical mixture
C. a chemical reaction
D. a chemical bond
What causes chemical bonds in molecules to break?
A. Molecules bump into each other with enough energy to break them.
B. Different substances are combined in a solution.
C. The temperature of a solution is decreased.
D. A solid dissolves in a liquid.
How do substances form during a chemical reaction?
A. One or more substances are combined.
B. Chemical bonds in molecules add atoms to make more molecules.
C. A solid substance is formed in a solution.
D. Chemical bonds break, atoms rearrange, and new chemical bonds form.
A calcium carbonate molecule has 1 calcium (Ca) atom, 3 oxygen (O) atoms, and 1 carbon (C) atom. Which of the following shows the chemical formula for calcium carbonate?
A. 3CaCO
B. Ca2CO2
C. CaCO3
D. CaC2O3
The chemical symbol for iron is Fe. The chemical symbol for oxygen is O. The formula for iron oxide, a type of rust, is Fe2O3. How many iron atoms are in one molecule of iron oxide?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
What is the charge of an ionic compound?
A. 0
B. +1
C. -1
D. +2
Which of the following is the product in the chemical formula N + O2------> NO2?
A. N
B. O
C. O2
D. NO2
Which of the following uses coefficients correctly to balance the equation N2 + H2------> NH3?
A. N2 + 3H2 ------> 2NH3
B. 2N2 + 2H2 ------> 4NH3
C. N2 + H2 ------> NH3
D. 3N2 + 4H2 ------> 6NH3
Which of the following states the law of conservation of mass?
A. Atoms are rearranged in a reaction and join new molecules.
B. Compounds form a new compound with different properties.
C. Mass cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.
D. Energy is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.
Nitrogen dioxide is a covalent compound. How many oxygen atoms are in a nitrogen dioxide molecule?
A. 3
B. 2
C. 1
D. 0
How many oxygen atoms are present on the reactant side of the chemical equation 4Fe + 3O2 ------> 2Fe2O3?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 6
Which of the following equations shows a double displacement reaction?
A. 2Na + Cl2 ------> 2NaCl
B. Zn + 2HCl ------> ZnCl2 + H2
C. NaCl + AgF ------> NaF + AgCl
D. H2CO3 ------> H2O + CO2
In a single displacement reaction,
A. a more reactive element can replace a less reactive element.
B. only metals and nonmetals can react.
C. a less reactive element can replace a more reactive element.
D. most often nonmetals are involved.
An ion is
A. a chemical reaction that produces a gas and a precipitate.
B. a chemical reaction that involves nonmetals.
C. a nonmetal compound with too many electrons.
D. an atom that gains or loses electrons during a chemical reaction.
Which of the following will NOT increase the rate of a chemical reaction?
A. adding a catalyst
B. increasing the surface area of a solid reactant
C. increasing the concentration of reactants
D. adding an inhibitor
Which of the following chemical equations shows an endothermic reaction?
A. 2H2 + O2 ------> 2H2O + energy
B. 2Na + Cl2 ------> 2NaCl + energy
C. 2H2O + energy ------> 2H2 + O2
D. C + O2 ------> CO2 + energy
Which of the following is NOT an example of a chemical reaction?
A. milk turning sour
B. food being digested
C. a match burning
D. ice melting
Which of the following is an example of a diatomic molecule?
A. NaCl
B. O2
C. Mg
D. CaCl2
Which of the following phrases describes a catalyst?
A. slows the rate of a reaction
B. increases the energy given off by a reaction
C. lowers the activation energy of a reaction
D. changes permanently when used in a reaction
How many atoms are represented in the formula CaCO3
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
If a chemical symbol in a chemical formula has no subscript, it means
A. the chemical symbol is written without any numbers.
B. the element has no charge.
C. the chemical is listed last in the formula.
D. only one atom of the element is in the molecule.
Which of the following is the chemical formula for a dinitrogen trioxide molecule?
A. N2O3
B. 3N2O
C. 2N3O2
D. NO3
If it is brittle, dissolves easily in water, has a high melting point and conducts electric current, it is a(n)
A. valence electron.
B. ionic compound.
C. covalent compound.
D. sugar.
Which compound has the weaker chemical bond?
A. ionic
B. covalent
C. metallic
D. electric
When a metal reacts with a nonmetal it makes
A. an ionic compound.
B. a covalent compound.
C. a low melting point.
D. water molecules.
Most covalent compounds
A. dissolve in water.
B. don't dissolve in water.
C. mix with water.
D. are positively charged in water.
Sugar is a covalent compound that dissolves in water but does not form ions, so it
A. conducts electric current.
B. does not conduct electric current.
C. is negatively charged.
D. is not a compound.
Covalent compounds have
A. high melting points.
B. low melting points.
C. no melting point.
D. strong bonds.
What substances can acids react with to produce hydrogen gas?
A. water
B. sugars
C. metals
D. poisons
Acids conduct electric current by forming
A. hydrochloric acids.
B. hydrogen gases.
C. hydronium ions.
D. hydroxide ions.
Acids have a
A. sour taste.
B. bitter taste.
C. slippery feel.
D. mild taste.
Bases have a
A. sour taste.
B. sweet taste.
C. slippery feel.
D. mild taste.
When a base is added to red litmus paper, the indicator turns
A. blue.
B. red.
C. purple.
D. orange.
If a cleaning product includes ammonia as an ingredient, it probably is made from a(n)
A. acid.
B. base.
C. indicator.
D. powder.
When all the molecules of an acid break apart in water, the solution is called a
A. weak acid.
B. strong acid.
C. weak base.
D. strong base.
Citric acid is a weak acid, so only a few molecules would break apart when
A. it comes in contact with air.
B. it dissolves in water.
C. it neutralizes.
D. it is forming.
When acids and bases come in contact with each other, they
A. explode.
B. become bitter.
C. make hydroxide.
D. neutralize each other.
One way to test pH is to use a strip of paper that has several
A. hydronium ions.
B. bases.
C. acids.
D. indicators.
A neutral solution has a pH of
A. 7.
B. 11.
C. 3
D. 1.
Sodium chloride, sodium nitrate and calcium sulfate are all
A. sugars.
B. hydroniums.
C. indicators.
D. salts.
How many atoms can a carbon atom make bonds with?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
Which hydrocarbon contains only single bonds between carbon atoms?
A. saturated
B. unsaturated
C. aromatic
D. inorganic
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids are all
A. hydrocarbons.
B. biochemicals.
C. fats.
D. plants.
What are aromatic hydrocarbons based on?
A. water
B. alkenes
C. benzene
D. lipids
Brittleness and a high melting point are two properties of
A. covalent compounds.
B. organic compounds.
C. ionic compounds.
D. protein compounds.
When an acid and a base neutralize each other, what remains?