Answer the questions by clicking on the correct answer. You will have ONE class period in which to complete this exam.
Question 1
1.
Question 2
2.
Question 3
3.
Question 4
4.
Question 5
5.
Question 6
6.
Question 7
7.
Question 8
8.
Question 9
9.
Question 10
10.
Question 11
11.
Question 12
12.
Question 13
13.
Question 14
14.
Question 15
15.
Question 16
16.
Question 17
17.
Question 18
18.
Question 19
19.
Question 20
20.
Question 21
21.
Question 22
22.
Question 23
23.
Question 24
24.
Question 25
25.
Question 26
26.
Question 27
27.
Question 28
28.
Question 29
29.
Question 30
30.
Question 31
31.
Question 32
32.
Question 33
33.
Question 34
34.
Question 35
35.
Question 36
36.
Question 37
37.
Question 38
38.
Question 39
39.
Question 40
40.
Question 41
41.
Question 42
42.
Question 43
43.
Question 44
44.
Question 45
45.
Question 46
46.
Question 47
47.
Question 48
48.
Question 49
49.
Question 50
50.
Question 51
51.
Question 52
52.
Question 53
53.
Question 54
54.
Question 55
55.
Question 56
56.
Question 57
57.
Question 58
58.
Question 59
59.
Question 60
60.
Question 61
61.
Question 62
62.
Question 63
63.
Question 64
64.
Question 65
65.
Question 66
66.
Question 67
67.
Question 68
68.
Question 69
69.
Question 70
70.
Question 71
71.
Question 72
72.
Question 73
73.
Question 74
74.
Question 75
75.
Do NOT forget to tun in this assignment on Google Classroom after you have submitted it here! No credit will be awarded for unsubmitted assignments.
What are the most abundant elements in ocean water?
A. potassium and chlorine
B. sodium and chlorine
C. sodium and magnesium
D. sulfur and chlorine
Where is the world's longest mountain chain located?
A. the Arctic Ocean
B. the coastal zone
C. the ocean floor
D. the Hawaiian chain
How many ecological zones make up the benthic environment?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
The deep ocean basin consists of the abyssal plain, mid-ocean ridges, ocean trenches, rift valleys and
A. seamounts.
B. hotspots.
C. tectonic plates.
D. continental crust.
Which of the following statements is true about the Pacific Ocean?
A. It is getting larger.
B. It is getting smaller.
C. It never changes.
D. It is the smallest ocean.
The ocean's surface temperatures vary with time of year and
A. latitude.
B. longitude.
C. seasons.
D. moon phases.
The movement of water from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean is called
A. water evaporation.
B. water condensation.
C. water precipitation.
D. the water cycle.
With sonar, what happens to sound pulses from a ship after they hit the ocean floor?
A. They stop.
B. They're absorbed into the mud.
C. They bounce back to the ship.
D. They get louder.
The longer it takes sound to return to a ship,
A. the louder the sound becomes.
B. the weaker the sound becomes.
C. the closer the ocean floor is in that spot.
D. the deeper the ocean floor is in that spot.
To study the ocean floor, scientists use sonar, piloted vessels, robotic vessels and
A. scuba divers.
B. telescopes.
C. underwater artists.
D. satellites.
Which of the following statements describes nekton?
A. They live on the ocean floor.
B. They swim actively in the open ocean.
C. Most are microscopic.
D. All are fish.
Marine organisms are grouped by
A. where they live and how they move.
B. whether they have scales or shells.
C. how long they live.
D. how big they are.
Why are drift nets a problem?
A. They are too expensive to be practical.
B. They are not big enough to catch many fish.
C. They are too big and hard to manage.
D. They can accidently catch dolphins and turtles.
Nonpoint-source pollution is
A. not a serious problem in today's oceans.
B. difficult to trace because there's so little of it.
C. difficult to trace because it comes from different sources.
D. easy to trace because it comes from one source.
Why are oil tankers being built with two hulls?
A. to make the tankers heavier
B. to make the tankers easier to steer
C. to help prevent nonpoint-source pollution
D. to help prevent oil spills
The physical change of liquid water to water vapor is called
A. desalination.
B. evaporation.
C. condensation.
D. precipitation.
If sunlight warms up only the top 100 m of ocean water, why does the surface zone extend to about 300 m below the surface?
A. Warm water sinks.
B. Volcanoes heat the water.
C. Surface currents mix the warmer water with the cooler water below.
D. Plankton carries the heat down.
Which of the following is a form of point-source pollution?
A. oil leaks from automobiles
B. gasoline leaks from power boats
C. pesticide runoff
D. sludge dumping
What technologies do scientists use to study the ocean floor?
A. scuba divers and sonar
B. sonar and echo ranging
C. satellite and Geosat
D. sonar and satellite
The two major regions of the ocean floor are the continental margin and the
A. benthic environment.
B. deep ocean basin.
C. mid-ocean ridges.
D. rift valleys.
Crabs, seaweed and clams are all
A. phytoplankton.
B. nekton.
C. benthos.
D. zooplankton.
Which zone of the benthic environment is located between low and high tide limits?
A. hadal zone
B. sublittoral zone
C. bathyal zone
D. intertidal zone
Which of the following animals lives mainly in the oceanic zone?
A. zooplankton
B. giant squid
C. crab
D. starfish
The two major zones in the pelagic environment are
A. the neritic zone and the oceanic zone.
B. the sublittoral zone and the oceanic zone.
C. the neritic zone and the abyssal zone.
D. the nadal zone and the oceanic zone.
Fishing and farming are ways of harvesting the ocean's
A. sodium chloride.
B. oil and natural gas.
C. living resources.
D. nonrenewable resources.
One kind of renewable resource from the ocean is
A. oil.
B. natural gas.
C. wave energy.
D. minerals.
Wave energy in the North Sea is strong enough to produce power for
A. half of Europe.
B. parts of Scotland and England.
C. the eastern United States.
D. all of England.
Why is plastic trash dangerous to marine animals?
A. Animals can mistake it for food and choke on it.
B. Animals are not affected by plastic trash.
C. Plastic trash breaks down too quickly.
D. Plastic trash is oily and sludgy.
Oil that has drained into waterways and pollutes the oceans is an example of
A. point-source pollution.
B. oil spills.
C. jet skis.
D. nonpoint-source pollution.
Which of the following is the world's largest ocean?
A. Indian Ocean
B. Pacific Ocean
C. Arctic Ocean
D. Atlantic Ocean
Which of the following statements about salt in the oceans is true?
A. It is sodium chloride.
B. It is less salty than the salt we eat.
C. It has been in the ocean for only 50 years.
D. It is more salty than the salt we eat.
What would happen if the oceans did not absorb energy from the sun?
A. Nothing would happen.
B. The air would be cold all the time.
C. Nights would be very cold and days would be very hot.
D. Life would go on as always.
What do scientists use sonar technology for?
A. to help scuba divers
B. to predict the weather
C. to talk to whales
D. to find out the ocean's depth
What is special about marine life in the intertidal zone?
A. Marine life cannot live under the water.
B. Marine life must be able to live underwater and on land.
C. Marine life have strong shells covering their bodies.
D. Only plants can live in this zone.
How are the ocean's living resources harvested?
A. by desalination
B. by mining
C. by farming and fishing
D. by drilling
Two examples of surface currents are the Gulf Stream and the
A. Brazil Current.
B. Antarctic Bottom Water.
C. Coriolis Effect.
D. North Atlantic Deep Water.
Surface currents are caused by
A. floods.
B. warm water.
C. the wind.
D. the Equator.
The curved path of global winds and surface currents are caused by
A. the rotation of the Earth.
B. the Coriolis Effect.
C. warm air near the Equator.
D. continental deflection.
What does a surface current do when it deflects?
A. gains speed
B. moves toward cold water
C. meets another ocean current
D. chan
As water gets denser, how does it move?
A. expands toward warmer water
B. sinks toward the ocean floor
C. gets pushed toward the poles
D. gets pulled up by evaporation
Which currents carry warm water away from the Equator?
A. deep currents
B. evaporation
C. surface currents
D. freezing
The two main parts of a wave are the
A. swell and whitecap.
B. wavelength and wave height.
C. crest and trough.
D. rise and dip.
When deep water waves reach water shallower than one half their wavelength, they
A. reverse their flow.
B. become shallow water waves.
C. decrease in height.
D. create sandbars.
Where does an undertow take sand and other particles from the shore?
A. higher up on the shore
B. as far as the first breaker
C. out to sea
D. to the ocean floor
What transports most of the sediment in beach environments?
A. undertows
B. breakers
C. longshore currents
D. wind
In the open ocean, whitecaps often form
A. in places close to the shore.
B. during storms.
C. in warm water currents.
D. after swells go by.
A local rise in sea level near shore caused by hurricane winds is a
A. tsunami.
B. whitecap.
C. storm surge.
D. breaker.
In 1947 Thor Heyerdahl sailed a simple raft from Peru to Polynesia, following the ocean currents for more than 6,000 kilometers. Which statement accurately describes what Heyerdahl proved by this voyage?
A. Ancient Peru was settled by people from Polynesia.
B. People from ancient Peru were the first settlers of Polynesia.
C. It would have been possible for people from ancient Peru to reach Polynesia by following ocean currents.
D. Polynesia was settled accidentally when rafts from Peru were carried out by ocean currents.
Surface ocean currents such as the Gulf Stream
A. move warm water from higher latitudes to lower latitudes.
B. transport many times more water than all the rivers in the world.
C. are formed in parts of the ocean where water densiry is great.
D. move in straight paths across the oceans.
In which direction do global winds blow ocean currents near the Equator?
A. from east to west
B. from west to east
C. counterclockwise
D. away from the poles
Which surface current is deflected by the continent of South America?
A. California Current
B. Labrador Current
C. Brazil Current
D. North Equatorial Current
When air above water gets cold, what happens to water molecules?
A. The water molecules evaporate, decreasing the water's density.
B. The water molecules slow down and move closer together, increasing the water's density.
C. The water's volume increases as molecules move closer together.
D. The denser water floats on top of the chilled water.
Which of the following causes water from deep currents to rise to the surface to replace warm currents?
A. The flow of warm currents from the Equator toward the poles.
B. Freezing of the surface water.
C. Mixing of cold and warm water near shore.
D. Squeezing solids out of the ice down into the water below.
It is important for scientists to learn as much as possible about El Nino because the weather pattern
A. has so far been completely unpredictable.
B. affects North America more than any other continent.
C. has so many effects on organisms and land.
D. can only be studied out in the open ocean.
How do you calculate wave speed?
A. Divide the wave period by the wavelength.
B. Divide the wavelength by the wave period.
C. Divide the wave height by the wave period.
D. Multiply the wavelength by the wave height.
Why do waves increase in height as they approach the shore?
A. The waves are forced into narrow inlets of land.
B. The water particles speed up as they approach land.
C. The water's density decreases because it's warmer near the shore.
D. The waves begin to interact with the ocean floor.
In what direction does an undertow flow?
A. in the same direction as the wave
B. at right angles to the wave
C. in the opposite direction as the wave
D. parallel to the wave
An earthquake causes a tsunami because force from the quake
A. pushes a large body of water up from the ocean floor.
B. pulls water down toward the souce of the quake.
C. blows surface water away from the shore.
D. meets the force of currents flowing in a different direction.
Which statement describes what is happening at high tide?
A. The moon is revolving more quickly than the Earth is rotating.
B. The moon's gravity is dragging water away from the Equator.
C. The moon's gravity is pulling ocean water into a bulge.
D. The sun's gravity pulls with more force than the moon's gravity.
Spring tides and neap tides occur in patterns governed by
A. changes in the force of the Earth's gravity.
B. the type of ocean currents near where the tides occur.
C. whether the gravity of the sun or the moon exerts a stronger pull.
D. the relative positions of the Earth, moon and sun system (the phases of the moon).
From what is known about spring tides and neap tides, you can conclude that
A. the sun's gravity exerts the most power when the moon is on the opposite side of the Earth from the sun.
B. the height of high tide varies with the phases of the moon.
C. spring tides and neap tides affect the phases of the moon.
D. the moon revolves around the Earth every 14 days.
If the wavelength of a wave stays the same, what happens when the wave period increases?
A. increase in wave speed
B. increase in wave height
C. decrease in wave speed
D. decrease in wave height
Which phrase describes a surface current?
A. gets cool near the Equator
B. flows like a stream
C. stretches from north to south
D. creates global winds
How does the Coriolis Effect make ocean currents appear to move?
A. back and forth
B. in a curved path
C. clockwise
D. against the Earth's rotation
How are deep currents different from surface currents?
A. They are warmer and faster.
B. They are caused by winds.
C. They are denser and slower.
D. Some are colder than others.
What is the distance between two crests or troughs?
A. crest
B. trough
C. wave height
D. wavelength
The Gulf Stream moves warm water from
A. Peru to Polynesia.
B. higher to lower latitudes.
C. lower to higher latitudes.
D. east to west.
Which continent deflects the Gulf Stream current?
A. North America
B. South America
C. Africa
D. Asia
If ocean currents have changed their circulation patterns, you can conclude that
A. patterns of wind circulation have also changed.
B. the water is colder and denser than usual.
C. the rate of evaporation has increased.
D. the climate will be milder than usual.
How would California be different if there were no California Current?
A. Its climate would be cooler.
B. There would be less wind and fog.
C. Its climate would be drier.
D. Its climate would be warmer.
What happens if El Nino damages a coral reef?
A. The ocean gets warmer.
B. The fish that depend on the reef will die.
C. The ocean water gets cooler.
D. The reef supports more diversity of life.
Buoyes that record El Nino can transmit data to satellites in space. What can you conclude from this fact?
A. The buoy and its satellite are launched at the same time.
B. The buoys are located on towers.
C. Scientists work and live on the buoys.
D. The buoys are equipped with computers.
How often do tides rise and fall?
A. once a day
B. twice a day
C. every 14 days
D. every 24 h, 50 m
Which of these is the longest period of time?
A. the time between high and low tides
B. the time between two high tides
C. the time between two spring tides
D. the time between the highest and lowest tidal ranges