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What does all matter have whether it is moving or still?
A. energy
B. motion
C. life
D. parts
What must you find out after conducting an experiment and collecting data?
A. if the answers are right
B. if the results support your hypothesis
C. if the answers can be corrected
D. if the results can be changed
At the end of an experiment, after analyzing your results, what must you draw?
A. a conclusion
B. a bar graph
C. a picture
D. a chart
Which tools can be used for collecting and analyzing data in science?
A. scissors, calculator, stapler, envelope
B. scanner, computer, printer, speakers
C. meterstick, stopwatch, balance, computer
D. stopwatch, screwdriver, meterstick, drill
Which of the following is always a safety rule?
A. Work as fast as possible.
B. Never light a fire.
C. Always follow your teacher's instructions.
D. Take shortcuts if they are not dangerous.
Early scientists thought the shape of the birds' wings helped birds fly. In their first experiments, they made wings the same thickness and shape from front to back. This didn't work. What might these scientists have done after they analyzed their results?
A. tested the same hypothesis
B. stopped conducting tests
C. taken a vacation
D. designed new wing shapes
Which is an example of a conceptual model?
A. a model airplane
B. a clay car in a wind tunnel
C. a model of a galaxy forming
D. a tub of water modeling temperatures in the oceans
Which of the following is the best definition of science?
A. the process of memorizing answers about the universe
B. the process of gathering knowledge of the universe
C. the process of reading the knowledge of the universe
D. the process of gathering knowledge about the ancient universe
What is Physical Science mainly about?
A. the relationship between matter and energy
B. the relationship between matter and light
C. the relationship between molecules and matter
D. the relationship between light and energy
What is matter?
A. the ability to do work
B. the "stuff" that everything is made of
C. the "stuff" that is light enough to float
D. the "stuff" that matters
What is energy?
A. the ability to do work
B. matter in motion
C. fossil fuels
D. power from the sun
What are scientific methods?
A. the steps scientists use to answer questions and solve problems
B. the steps scientists use to look up the answers to questions
C. the steps scientists use to ensure a hypothesis is supported
D. the steps scientists use to answer questions and cause problems
Before asking questions, what is a scientist likely to do?
A. make answers that work
B. make necessary arrangements
C. make observations
D. make reservations
What must a good hypothesis be?
A. opinionated
B. testable
C. difficult
D. correct
Which of the following is a good way to analyze data?
A. Organize it into charts and graphs and do calculations if necessary.
B. Check it over then copy it.
C. Put it away for a few months to see if it makes more sense later.
D. Try to find some way to make it support your hypothesis.
At the end of an investigation, what should you do if you conclude that your results do not support your hypothesis?
A. Buy new measurement tools.
B. Change the topic you are studying.
C. Repeat your investigation, and then change your hypothesis if necessary.
D. Repeat your investigation over and over until you get the results that support your original hypothesis.
What are some methods of communicating the results of scientific investigations?
A. call the news media, hand out flyers
B. write a scientific paper, make a presentation, create a website
C. advertise the results on television and radio
D. only reveal results to close friends and family
In science, what is a scientific theory?
A. the first idea to explain an observation
B. the best idea to explain a hypothesis
C. an explanation for many hypotheses and observations
D. an explanation for many questions and answers
What is a scientific law?
A. the final answer to a scientific question
B. a scientific statement of what happens, not why
C. an explanation of many experimental results and observations
D. an explanation of hypotheses, results and observations
Which of the following units would you use to express the volume of an irregular solid such as a rock?
A. liters (L)
B. cubic centimeters (cm3)
C. milliliters (mL)
D. newtons (N)
Which of the following statements is true about an object's weight but NOT about its mass?
A. It may vary depending on the object's location.
B. It is a measure of the amount of matter in an object.
C. It is measured in kilograms (kg) or grams (g).
D. It would be the same on the moon as it is on Earth.
If you poured three liquids (that do not mix completely) into a beaker, how could you tell which one is the densest liquid?
A. The liquid that is floating on top is the densest liquid.
B. The liquid that settles to the bottom is the densest liquid.
C. The liquid with the deep red color is the densest liquid.
D. There is no way to tell which liquid is densest from the description.
What happens to a solid object with a density that is less than water when it is placed in water?
A. The object sinks about halfway into the water.
B. The object displaces a quantity of water greater than its volume.
C. The object settles to the bottom of the water.
D. The object floats on top of the water.
Which of the following is NOT an example of a physical change?
A. the shaping of a gold bar
B. the melting of a Popsicle
C. the explosion of fireworks
D. the sanding of a piece of wood
What kinds of changes in substances are always physical changes?
A. changes in state from solid to liquid to gas and back
B. changes that result in new substances being formed
C. changes that change the identity of the substance
D. changes that change the density of the substance
Why are chemical properties harder to observe than physical properties?
A. Chemical properties change the substance's identity.
B. Chemical properties depend on the size of the sample.
C. Physical properties cannot be observed and measured.
D. Physical properties change the identity of a substance.
Which of the following is a chemical property of matter?
A. solubility
B. volume
C. density
D. reactivity
What makes characteristic properties useful to scientists?
A. They can be either physical or chemical.
B. They can be used to identify matter.
C. They are easy to observe and measure.
D. Sample size does not matter.
How does a physical change differ from a chemical change?
A. New volumes are created in a physical change.
B. New materials are produced in a physical change.
C. The composition is unchanged in a physical change.
D. The change is reversable in a physical change.
Which of the following units would be best for describing the volume of mercury (liquid) used in an experiment?
A. grams or kilograms
B. meters or centimeters
C. liters or milliliters
D. newtons
Which of the following events is NOT a common sign that a chemical change has taken place?
A. change in color or odor
B. change in state
C. foaming or bubbling
D. production of heat or light
What chemical property is responsible for iron rusting?
A. flammability
B. conductivity
C. nonflammability
D. reactivity with oxygen
The motion of a 150g ball is more difficult to change than the motion of a 50g ball because the 150g ball has
A. less weight than the 50g ball
B. greater density than the 50g ball
C. more mass than the 50g ball
D. larger volume than the 50g ball
What unit of density would be appropriate to describe a solid bar of silver?
A. g/mL
B. g/cm3
C. oz/ft3
D. kg/L
Souring milk is an example of a
A. physical property.
B. physical change.
C. chemical property.
D. chemical change.
Malleability is an example of a
A. physical property.
B. physical change.
C. chemical property.
D. chemical change.
Which of the following has more inertia than a 100g object on Earth?
A. an object that weighs one newton on Earth
B. a 50g object on Earth
C. a 10g object on Earth
D. an object that weighs two newtons on Earth
During physical changes, matter always retains its
A. size.
B. identity.
C. state.
D. texture.
To compare the densities of oil and water, pour the liquids into a container and observe how they
A. change color.
B. evaporate quickly.
C. separate into layers.
D. create an odor.
In a solid, the particles
A. overcome the strong attraction between them.
B. vibrate in place.
C. slide past one another.
D. move independently of one another.
Crystalline solids
A. include glass and rubber.
B. may also be liquids.
C. have molecules that are not in any special arrangement.
D. have molecules in a three dimensional repeating pattern of rows.
Orange juice
A. has a surface tension that is different from gasoline.
B. changes volume when poured into a different container.
C. has the same viscosity as all other liquids.
D. has a definite shape.
A gas
A. has a definite volume but no definite shape.
B. has a definite shape but no definite volume.
C. has fast moving molecules.
D. has molecules that are always close together.
At higher temperatures,
A. molecules in an object move faster.
B. gas molecules bump into walls less often.
C. a gas contracts.
D. molecules in an object have less energy.
Balloons can be twisted into shapes because
A. the volume of a gas is constant.
B. molecules of a gas can be compressed.
C. volume is measured in two dimensions.
D. the force exerted changes the number of molecules.
How does a basketball under high pressure compare to a basketball under low pressure?
A. The molecules of gas are farther apart.
B. The molecules of gas collide only with each other.
C. The force exerted on the inside of the ball is lower.
D. There are more molecules of gas.
Boyle's Law states that for a fixed amount of gas
A. at a constant temperature, the volume of the gas is inversely proportional to the pressure.
B. at a constant temperature, the volume of the gas is directly proportional to the pressure.
C. at a constant pressure, the volume of the gas is directly proportional to the temperature.
D. at a constant pressure, the volume of the gas is inversely proportional to the temperature.
According to Charles's Law,
A. decreasing the temperature of a gas causes the pressure on the molecules to decrease.
B. decreasing the temperature of a gas causes the volume of a gas to increase.
C. increasing the temperature of a gas causes the volume of a gas to increase.
D. increasing the temperature of a gas causes the pressure on the molecules to increase.
Which of these factors could affect the temperature at which water boils?
A. the volume of water in the pot
B. the atmospheric pressure under which the water is heated
C. the amount of energy added to the water
D. the type of fuel used to heat the water
How do the molecules of water that evaporate from an open container differ from the molecules that remain?
A. The evaporated molecules only have more speed.
B. The evaporated molecules have greater order.
C. The evaporated molecules only have higher energy.
D. The evaporated molecules have more speed and higher energy.
Which of the following occurs when a liquid becomes a gas?
A. The molecules give off energy.
B. The molecules break away from one another.
C. The molecules move closer together.
D. The molecules slow down.
A drop of vinegar will flow and spread out but a drop of vegetable oil will form a bead. This is evidence that
A. vegetable oil has a lower surface tension and lower viscosity that vinegar.
B. vinegar has a lower surface tension and lower viscosity that vegetable oil.
C. vegetable oil has a lower surface tension and higher viscosity that vinegar.
D. vinegar has a lower surface tension and higher viscosity that vegetable oil.
The melting point of salt is the same as its
A. boiling point.
B. condensation point.
C. freezing point.
D. sublimation point.
A liter of gasoline will boil at
A. a higher temperature than a milliliter of gasoline.
B. a lower temperature than a milliliter of gasoline.
C. the same temperature as a milliliter of gasoline.
D. the same temperature as a milliliter of water.
In order for carbon dioxide gas to enter the air from dry ice, the dry ice must
A. gain energy.
B. boil.
C. increase in pressure.
D. undergo an exothermic change.
A graph that shows the change in temperature of a substance as it is heated will show
A. a straight line as the substance melts.
B. a straight line as the substance freezes.
C. a rising line as the substance melts.
D. a falling line as the substance melts.
The reverse of condensation is
A. freezing.
B. vaporization.
C. sublimation.
D. melting.
Which of the following examples shows an exothermic change?
A. ice melting in a glass of lemonade
B. water boiling in a large pot
C. water vapor molecules condensing to form droplets on a cup
D. air in a bicycle tire gaining pressure on a hot day
Hydraulic (liquid) systems, such as the brakes on a car, pass on forces because liquids tend to maintain a constant
A. volume.
B. pressure.
C. surface tension.
D. viscosity.
A property of an element that does not depend on the amount of the element is called a(n)
A. electromagnetic property.
B. finite property.
C. unique property.
D. characteristic property.
An element's ability to react with an acid is an example of a
A. pure substance.
B. physical property.
C. chemical property.
D. impure substance.
When two or more elements join together chemically,
A. a compound is formed.
B. a mixture is formed.
C. an element is formed.
D. a substance that is the same as the elements that formed it is created.
Which of the following will not break down compounds?
A. heat
B. electric current
C. a chemical change
D. filtering
How do elements join to form compounds?
A. randomly
B. in a specific mass ratio
C. in a ratio of 1 to 8
D. as the scientist plans it
Compounds found in all living things include
A. proteins.
B. ammonia.
C. mercury oxides.
D. carbonic acids.
If a spoonful of salt is mixed into a glass of water, what is the water called?
A. solute
B. solution
C. solvent
D. element
What is a solid solution of a metal or a nonmetal, dissolved in a metal called?
A. suspension
B. alloy
C. colloid
D. compound
A colloid has properties of both suspensions and
A. solutions.
B. solvents.
C. solutes.
D. nonmetals.
What is formed when the molecules of two or more substances are distributed evenly amongst each other?
A. compound
B. suspension
C. solution
D. element
How is a compound different from a mixture?
A. Compounds have two or more components.
B. Each substance in a compound loses its characteristic properties.
C. Compounds are commonly found in nature.
D. Solids, liquids and gases can form compounds.
The molecules in both a solution and a colloid
A. cannot scatter light.
B. can settle out.
C. are soluble.
D. can pass through a fine filter.
Which of the following is NOT a reason that compounds are considered pure substances?
A. They are composed of only one type of molecule.
B. The molecules are made of atoms of two or more elements that are chemically combined.
C. Different samples of any compound have the same elements in the same proportion.
D. They can be separated by physical methods.
How could a sugar cube be dissolved more quickly in water?
A. Cool the water.
B. Crush the sugar cube.
C. Let the cube sit in the water.
D. Add more water.
The molecules in both a suspension and a colloid can
A. scatter light.
B. settle out.
C. be soluble.
D. be filtered.
Which solid is more soluble at lower temperatures than at higher temperatures?
